Encyclopedia
Tulipa gesneriana is a cultivated species of the genus Tulipa in the Liliaceae family, also known as foreign lotus and dry lotus. The origin is Tianshan Mountain in China.
31 Aug 2023
Colorized scanning electron micrograph of monkeypox virus (blue) on the surface of infected VERO E6 cells (pink). Image captured at the NIAID Integrated Research Facility (IRF) in Fort Detrick, Maryland.
NIAID
31 Jan 2024
Prunus persica is a plant of the genus Prunus in the Rosaceae from China.
31 Aug 2023
Antiparasitic and Immunomodulatory Activity of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). The Figure was partly generated using Servier Medical Art, provided by Servier, licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 unported license.
13 Jun 2024
Bacteriophage t5 structural model at atomic resolution. This structural model has been constructed in UCSF Chimera software putting together all the structures that compose bacteriophage t5 using cryoEM reconstructions and pdb structures.
Wikimedia Commons, Victor Padilla-Sanchez
01 Feb 2024
There are several direct and indirect mechanisms through which cancer promotes a hypercoagulable state and involves an interaction between cancer cells and the coagulation cascade.
Cancer cells can directly activate platelets through tumour-cell induced platelet aggregation (TCIPA). This involves secretion of thrombin, activation of coagulation factors V, VIII, XI and XIII and expression of adenosine diphosphate (ADP), which begins a cycle of further ADP release and subsequent activation and aggregation of platelets.
Along with platelets, tissue factor (TF) is a transmembrane protein that is significant for haemostasis.
Furthermore, TF can also be expressed on the surface of microvesicles.
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are web-like structures released by neutrophils and composed of DNA fibres coated with histones and proteases [31]. Though they are a physiological response to infection, recent studies have identified their role in CAT. NETs can release von Willebrand factor through activation of endothelial cells, leading to platelet adhesion and aggregation essential for formation of thrombi.
28 Sep 2023
FISH analyses of Sulfobacillus rods in B-drift Weir biofilm on January 2001. Sul228 probe is shown in red and DAPI in blue. Probed from Iron Mountain, California.
Gregory K. Druschel, Brett J. Baker Thomas M. Gihring, Jillian F. Banfield, Wikimedia Commons
14 Sep 2024
This image has been colorized. The coloring is speculative and may differ significantly from the real colors. Colorized scanning electron micrograph of Ebola virus particles (green) found both as extracellular particles and budding particles from a chronically-infected African Green Monkey Kidney cell (blue).
BernbaumJG, Wikimedia Commons
24 Jan 2024
The exosomes secreted from tumor cells affect the cells in the tumor microenvironment, leading to drug resistance and immune escape. The ESCRT pathway is one of the central components responsible for the biogenesis of exosomes. Lipids such as ceramide are generated by neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMAse-2), which is necessary for vesicle budding during ILV formation. Rab GTPases lead to the docking of MVBs to the plasma membrane (PM). Ketoconazole leads to the downregulation of Alix, nSMAse-2, and Rab27a, inhibiting exosome biogenesis and secretion and leading to a decrease in tumor growth.
Abbreviations—VEGFR: vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; PDGFR: platelet-derived growth factor receptor: ILV: intraluminal vesicles: ESCRT: endosomal sorting complex required for transport; MVB: multivesicular bodies: PM: plasma membrane.
07 Oct 2023
This model summarizes the external and internal factors that affect women's leadership in organizations and their vicious and virtuous cycles.The model shows that gender bias and stereotypes create challenges from the time women enter organizations. And as a result of gender bias, women who aspire to leadership positions face additional challenges throughout their careers.Because of gender bias, women experience different stages of promotion and face challenges such as glass ceilings and selection bias. For example, external factors such as the double bind, backlash, lack of leadership development, and queen bee syndrome are attributed to the think manager-think male bias.In addition, women leaders face challenges such as glass cliffs and mazes due to persistent gender biases that affect their self-perceptions and values. We show that external factors such as gender bias and stereotypes within organizations cause women to underestimate themselves and their self-efficacy, creating a vicious cycle of challenges for women in leadership over time. This study shows that external factors such as gender bias and stereotypes within organizations cause women to underestimate themselves and their self-efficacy, creating a harmful cycle of challenges for women in leadership roles over time. This reinforces the internalization of gender stereotypes in women leaders and contributes to feelings of inadequacy and lack of confidence. The internalization of gender stereotypes, combined with low self-confidence and poor performance as leaders, contributes to women leaders avoiding leadership roles and limiting their career options. As a result, gender bias and stereotypes are reinforced within organizations, reinforcing external factors that discourage women from pursuing leadership positions. This detrimental cycle repeats itself, reducing the likelihood that women will achieve leadership roles and limiting their career advancement. As a result, women cannot expect to succeed in leadership positions in organizations that rely on gender stereotypes. [1]
23 Jan 2024
Herpes-infected cells in SurePath Pap mear. Pathological and histological images courtesy of Ed Uthman at flickr.
Ed Uthman, Wikimedia Commons
22 Feb 2024
A 3D medical animation still of Ebola virus.
Scientific Animations, Wikimedia Commons
24 Jan 2024
Medicinal plants, long used for healing, offer hope. Recent research shows compounds like phenolics, alkaloids, saponins, and terpenoids can combat bacteria by disrupting membranes, binding to proteins, and more. To harness their potential, researchers need advances in omics technologies and network pharmacology to find effective combinations with or without antibiotics.
07 Sep 2023
This negatively-stained transmission electron micrograph (TEM) revealed the presence of numerous herpes simplex virions, located inside a cell nucleus in this tissue sample. As members of the Herpesviridae virus family, there are two strains of the herpes simplex virus, HSV-1, which is responsible for cold sores, and HSV-2, which is responsible for genital herpes. At the core of its icosahedral proteinaceous capsid, the HSV contains a double-stranded DNA linear genome.
Public Health Image Library
15 Jan 2024
Computer-generated illustration showing a sample of virion morphological diversity in the realm Duplodnaviria. From left to right: siphoviruses (Caudoviricetes), myoviruses (Caudoviricetes), podoviruses (Caudoviricetes), Herpesvirales (Herviviricetes). Herpesvirales are wrapped in the tegument, which is depicted as a circle.
Ypna (James K. Douch), Wikimedia Commons
01 Mar 2024
Colorized transmission electron micrograph of Ebola virus particles (purple) attached to and budding from an infected VERO E6 cell (green). Image captured and color-enhanced at the NIAID Integrated Research Facility in Fort Detrick, Maryland.
NIAID, Wikimedia Commons
24 Jan 2024
A 3d medical animation still shot of a dengue virus with cross section showing structural components.
Wikimedia Commons, Girish Khera, Scientific Animations
24 Jan 2024
Bacteriophage T7 structural model at atomic resolution. This structural model has been constructed in UCSF Chimera software putting together all the structures that compose bacteriophage T7 using cryoEM reconstructions and pdb structures.[1]
Victor Padilla-Sanchez, Wikimedia Commons
07 Feb 2024
The common real katydid, or Pterophylla camellifolia, is a member of the Tettigoniidae (katydids) family of insects. It is a member of the Pseudophyllinae subfamily of Tettigoniidae, which includes real katydids. Other common names for this species are rough-winged katydid and northern genuine katydid.The term "katydid," which is used to refer to any tettigoniid, is derived from the male of the nominate northern subspecies' harsh, rasping, three-pulsed song, which is pronounced "ka-ty-did." It is a practically flightless species that, unlike other katydids, typically moves by walking, running, or hopping as opposed to jumping or flying. It resides in the deciduous tree canopy and feeds on the leaf there. It has a maximum length of 50 mm (2 in).
06 Sep 2023
This negatively-stained transmission electron micrograph (TEM) revealed the presence of numerous herpes simplex type-2 virions, members of the Herpesviridae virus family. There are two strains of the herpes simplex virus, HSV-1, which is responsible for cold sores, and HSV-2, which is responsible for genital herpes. At the core of its icosahedral proteinaceous capsid, the HSV contains a double-stranded DNA linear genome.
Public Health Image Library
16 Jan 2024
