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Topic Review
Synthetic Organic Antimicrobial Agents
Synthetic organic antimicrobial agents are organic compounds and polymers that exhibit antimicrobial activity, which is self-activated through the aforementioned mode of action. Their chemical structure is critical for their categorisation. Recently, a huge number of antimicrobial polymers were synthesized. These species could be quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), halogen-containing compounds (molecules containing fluorine or chlorine, N-halamines or triclosan), guanidine-containing polymers (polyhexamethylene vinyguanide), polymers containing phospho- and sulpho-derivatives, polymers of phenol and benzoic acid derivatives, nitro compounds, urea, amines, formaldehyde, organometallic polymers and others.
  • 440
  • 17 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Synthetic methods of phosphonopeptides
Phosphonopeptides are phosphorus analogues of peptides and have been widely applied as enzyme inhibitors and antigens to induce catalytic antibodies. Phosphonopeptides generally contain one aminoalkylphosphonic acid residue and include phosphonopeptides with C-terminal aminoalkylphosphonic acids and phosphonopeptides with a phosphonamidate bond. The phosphonamidate bond in the phosphonopeptides is generally formed via phosphonylation with phosphonochloridates, condensation with coupling reagents and enzymes, and phosphinylation followed by oxidation. Pseudo four-component condensation reaction of amides, aldehydes, alkyl dichlorophosphites, and amino/peptide esters is an alternative, convergent, and efficient strategy for synthesis of phosphonopeptides through simultaneous construction of aminoalkylphosphonic acids and formation of the phosphonamidate bond.
  • 1.2K
  • 16 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Synthetic Methodologies of Indole-3-Carbinol
Indole-3-Carbinol (I3C)  is an important phytochemical contained in cruciferous vegetables and is able to exert various activities among which are cardioprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiangiogenesis, and antimicrobial activities, the promotion of tumor cell apoptosis and, an important inhibition of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS)-CoV-2 viral egression, including the Omicron variant.
  • 415
  • 24 May 2023
Topic Review
Synthetic Imidazopyridine-Based Derivatives
Fused pyridines are reported to display various pharmacological activities, such as antipyretic, analgesic, antiprotozoal, antibacterial, antitumor, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic. They are widely used in the field of medicinal chemistry. Imidazopyridines (IZPs) are crucial classes of fused heterocycles that are expansively reported on in the literature. Evidence suggests that IZPs, as fused scaffolds, possess more diverse profiles than individual imidazole and pyridine moieties. Bacterial infections and antibacterial resistance are ever-growing risks in the 21st century. Only one IZP, i.e., rifaximin, is available on the market as an antibiotic
  • 505
  • 02 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Synthetic Hemorphin Analogs Containing Non-Natural Amino Acids
The endogenous hemorphins are bioactive peptides with activity on opioid receptors. Several research teams have synthesized, characterized, and pharmacologically evaluated synthetic hemorphin analogs containing unusual amino acids, D-amino acids, α-aminophosphonic acids, and their derivatives. Research focuses on the structure-activity relationship analysis, details on specific methods for their characterization, and the advantage of synthetic hemorphin analogs compared to endogenous peptides as potent biologically active compounds with a complex mechanism of action.
  • 681
  • 05 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Synthetic Dyes
Synthetic dyes are commonly used in food products like soft drinks, vegetable sauces, jellies, etc. Most artificial dyes can cause cancer, therefore it is very important to develop sensors to detect them in food samples.
  • 18.5K
  • 09 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Synthetic Compartments for Biomedical Applications
Nano- and micrometer-sized compartments composed of synthetic polymers are designed to mimic spatial and temporal divisions found in nature. Self-assembly of polymers into compartments such as polymersomes, giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs), layer-by-layer (LbL) capsules, capsosomes, or polyion complex vesicles (PICsomes) allows for the separation of defined environments from the exterior. These compartments can be further engineered through the incorporation of (bio)molecules within the lumen or into the membrane, while the membrane can be decorated with functional moieties to produce catalytic compartments with defined structures and functions. Nanometer-sized compartments are used for imaging, theranostic, and therapeutic applications as a more mechanically stable alternative to liposomes, and through the encapsulation of catalytic molecules, i.e., enzymes, catalytic compartments can localize and act in vivo. On the micrometer scale, such biohybrid systems are used to encapsulate model proteins and form multicompartmentalized structures through the combination of multiple compartments, reaching closer to the creation of artificial organelles and cells.
  • 453
  • 02 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Synthetic Biomaterials, Alveolar Bone Regeneration
The alveolar process is the thick bone ridge that contains the tooth sockets. The alveolar bone is located on the teeth-holding jaw bones.
  • 487
  • 17 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Synthetic Biodegradable Polymers for Antibacterial Applications
Synthetic biodegradable polymers are considered biocompatible and highly safe and have found numerous applications in the biomedical field. Due to the degradable nature of polymer implants, they can be removed at the end of the functional life of the implant without surgical intervention. In tissue engineering, synthetic biodegradable polymers usually provide suitable mechanical properties and facilitate cell proliferation and differentiation, making it an excellent material for scaffolds. Synthetic polymers have the advantage of being easy to process and mold, so there are more possibilities in terms of usage properties. Synthetic biodegradable polymers usually have no inherent antimicrobial ability. Therefore, the antimicrobial activity of synthetic polymers can be effectively improved by mixing with antimicrobial substances. 
  • 584
  • 12 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Synthetic Bioactive Compounds and Chromatography
Natural and synthetic bioactive compounds occur in foods in small quantities and represent a wide group of chemical compounds. Because of the complexity of food matrices, the separation and next accurate determination of their bioactive constituents with different chemical structure requires an universal analytical methodology like liquid and gas chromatography or combination of both chromatographic techniques.
  • 465
  • 29 Oct 2021
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