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Topic Review
Graphene
Graphene is the new generation material, which finds potential and practical applications in a vast range of research areas. It has unrivalled characteristics, chiefly in terms of electronic conductivity, mechanical robustness and large surface area, which allow the attainment of outstanding performances in many fields of materials science.
  • 2.1K
  • 09 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Formic Acid for Hydrogen Production
Formic acid is a liquid organic hydrogen carrier giving hydrogen on demand using catalysts. Metal complexes are known to be used as efficient catalysts for the hydrogen production from formic acid decomposition. Their performance could be better than those of supported catalysts with metal nanoparticles. However, difficulties to separate metal complexes from the reaction mixture limit their industrial applications. This problem can be resolved by supporting metal complexes on the surface of different supports, which may additionally provide some surface sites for the formic acid activation.
  • 2.1K
  • 30 Mar 2021
Topic Review
Supramolecular Liquid Crystals
liquid crystal (LC) state, specific orientations and alignments of LC molecules produce outstanding anisotropy in structure and properties, followed by diverse optoelectronic functions.
  • 2.1K
  • 09 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Micro-/Nanoencapsulated Fragrances and Flavours
Flavours and fragrances are volatile compounds of large interest for different applications. Due to their high tendency of evaporation and, in most cases, poor chemical stability, these compounds need to be encapsulated for handling and industrial processing. Encapsulation, indeed, resulted in being effective at overcoming the main concerns related to volatile compound manipulation, and several industrial products contain flavours and fragrances in an encapsulated form for the final usage of customers. Several organic or inorganic materials have been investigated for the production of coated micro- or nanosystems intended for the encapsulation of fragrances and flavours, among them, polymeric coating, leading to the formation of micro- or nanocapsules with a core-shell architecture, as well as a molecular inclusion complexation with cyclodextrins, are still the most used. 
  • 2.1K
  • 21 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Corn Starch-Based Nanomaterials
       Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the major food crops, and it is considered to be a very distinctive plant, since it is able to produce a large amount of the natural polymer of starch through its capacity to utilize large amounts of sunlight. Corn starch is used in a wide range of products and applications. In recent years, the use of nanotechnology for applications in the food industry has become more apparent; it has been used for protecting against biological and chemical deterioration, increasing bioavailability, and enhancing physical properties, among other functions. However, the high cost of nanotechnology can make it difficult for its application on a commercial scale. As a biodegradable natural polymer, corn starch is a great alternative for the production of nanomaterials. Therefore, the search for alternative materials to be used in nanotechnology has been studied.
  • 2.1K
  • 09 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Sustainable Synthesis of MXenes
MXenes provide a major drawback involving environmentally harmful and toxic substances for its general fabrication in large-scale production and employing a high-temperature solid-state reaction followed by selective etching. Meanwhile, how MXenes are synthesized is essential in directing their end uses. Therefore, making strategic approaches to synthesize greener, safer, more sustainable, and more environmentally friendly MXenes is imperative to commercialize at a competitive price. 
  • 2.1K
  • 17 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Ginkgo Biloba and Long COVID
Coronavirus infections are neuroinvasive and can provoke injury to the central nervous system (CNS) and long-term illness consequences. They may be associated with inflammatory processes due to cellular oxidative stress and an imbalanced antioxidant system. The ability of phytochemicals with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, such as Ginkgo biloba, to alleviate neurological complications and brain tissue damage has attracted strong ongoing interest in the neurotherapeutic management of long COVID. Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (EGb) contains several bioactive ingredients, e.g., bilobalide, quercetin, ginkgolides A–C, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, and luteolin. They have various pharmacological and medicinal effects, including memory and cognitive improvement. Ginkgo biloba, through its anti-apoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities, impacts cognitive function and other illness conditions like those in long COVID.
  • 2.1K
  • 06 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Silver Nanoparticles for Conductive Ink
Nanoparticles, defined as having one of the dimensions in the 1–100 nm range, show unique and considerably different physical, chemical, and biological properties, compared to bulk materials, due to their large portion of surface atoms and the reduced area to volume ratio. 
  • 2.1K
  • 24 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Inorganic Polymers (Geopolymers)
The ecologically-friendly inorganic materials called geopolymers are mainly produced using secondary raw materials such as fly ash, blast furnace slags, or mining residues at temperatures below 100 °C. Geopolymers are a sustainable alternative to Portland cement in the building industry. Their chemical and physical properties enable them to act as supports for photoactive species, including TiO2, Cu2O and Fe2O3, or carbon nanotubes and graphene. This review discusses the structure and synthesis process of geopolymers and the principal considerations for their use as photocatalysts. The utilisation of geopolymers as photocatalysts indicates promising applications for removing heavy metals from wastewater, purifying polluted drinking water and ecologically-friendly candidates to remediate toxic environmental pollutants. 
  • 2.0K
  • 19 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Applications for Nanotechnology in Endodontics
Nanotechnology has been utilized in several different parts of dentistry. Nanomaterials can be employed as irrigation, intracanal medicament, obturation materials and sealers.
  • 2.0K
  • 11 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Nanoparticles Migration from Food Packaging
Packaging containing nanoparticles (NPs) can increase the shelf life of products, but the presence of NPs may hazards human life. Nanomaterials that enter the body in a variety of ways can be distributed throughout the body and damage human cells by altering mitochondrial function, producing reactive oxygen, and increasing membrane permeability, leading to toxic effects and chronic disease. The diffusion and migration of nanoparticles can be analyzed by analytical techniques including atomic absorption, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, as well as X-ray diffraction, spectroscopy, migration, and titration. Inductively coupled plasma-based techniques demonstrated the best results.
  • 2.0K
  • 05 May 2021
Topic Review
Nanomaterials’ Effect on Asphalt Mixtures
The desire for high-performance and long-lasting asphalt pavements significantly pushed the modification of the conventional paving asphalt binders. To cope with such demand, the use of nanomaterials for the asphalt binder modification seems promising, as with a small amount of modification an important enhancement of the asphalt mixture mechanical performance can be attained. Several studies already evaluated the effects of the modifications with nanomaterials, mostly focusing on the asphalt binder properties and rheology, and the positive findings encouraged the study of modified asphalt mixtures.
  • 2.0K
  • 27 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Delivery Platforms for miRNA-Based Cancer Therapeutics
Restoration of microRNA (miRNA) expression or downregulation of aberrantly expressed miRNAs using miRNA mimics or anti-miRNA inhibitors (anti-miRs/antimiRs), respectively, continues to show therapeutic potential for the treatment of cancer. Although the manipulation of miRNA expression presents a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment, it is predominantly reliant on nucleic acid-based molecules for their application, which introduces an array of hurdles, with respect to in vivo delivery. Because naked nucleic acids are quickly degraded and/or removed from the body, they require delivery vectors that can help overcome the many barriers presented upon their administration into the bloodstream.
  • 2.0K
  • 25 Aug 2022
Topic Review
CeO2-based transition metal catalysts
The rational design and fabrication of highly-active and cost-efficient catalytic materials constitutes the main research pillar in catalysis field. In this context, the fine-tuning of size and shape at nanometer scale can exert an intense impact not only on the inherent reactivity of catalyst’s counterparts but also on their interfacial interactions, opening up new horizons for the development of highly active and robust materials. The main implications of ceria nanoparticles’ shape engineering (rods, cubes, polyhedra) in catalysis are revealed, on the ground of some of the most pertinent heterogeneous reactions, such as CO2 hydrogenation, CO oxidation, and N2O decomposition. It is clearly revealed that shape functionalization can remarkably affect the intrinsic features and in turn the reactivity of ceria nanoparticles. More importantly, by combining ceria nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) of specific architecture with various transition metals (e.g., Cu, Fe, Co, Ni) remarkably active multifunctional composites can be obtained due mainly to the synergistic metal-ceria interactions, providing the design principles of earth-abundant metal oxide catalysts for various real-life environmental and energy applications.
  • 2.0K
  • 22 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Applications of Graphene Oxide (GO) Materials
Graphene-based materials, due to their high sensitivity, inexpensive, fast response and simple operation, are utilized in the fabrication of biosensors based on various sensing methods, such as optical and electrochemical signaling. These materials are successful electrode materials due to their electrochemical characteristics, which can enhance the detection of biomoleculessuch as thrombin, oligonucleotides, ATP, amino corrosives, and dopamine. Biomolecules have an essential duty in all life activities, such as disease development, so the precise identification of biomolecules is necessary for disease diagnosis and therapy.
  • 2.0K
  • 17 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Porous Silica Nanosphere
Porous silica nanosphere is one of the conventional and common form of silica nanomaterials in the field of nanotechnology. Most common nanopsheres of porous silica are MCM-41, SBA-15 etc. Wide range of applications say catalytic, biological, energy applications have been investigated and reported using this materials.
  • 2.0K
  • 30 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Advanced Flame Spray Pyrolysis for Engineering Multifunctional Nanostructures
Flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) is an industrially scalable technology that enables the engineering of a wide range of metal-based nanomaterials with tailored properties nanoparticles.
  • 2.0K
  • 28 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Conductive Electrospun Nanofiber Mats
Conductive nanofiber mats can be used in a broad variety of applications, such as electromagnetic shielding, sensors, multifunctional textile surfaces, organic photovoltaics, or biomedicine. Here we give an overview of the most recent applications of such conductive electrospun nanofiber mats.
  • 2.0K
  • 23 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Polyurethane
Polyurethane is widely considered as the biggest polymer product which is categorized under plastics. PUs belong to a group of elastomers that are linked to a urethane material with a distinctive feature of being hard and soft parts in the macromolecule. Plastic and modular construction industries produce big quantities of PU wastes in the fabrication process during either processing or utilization of materials.
  • 2.0K
  • 06 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Water-Soluble Vitamins
Vitamins are essential micronutrients in diets that ensure the biochemical functions of the human body and prevent diseases. They act as antioxidants, hormones, and mediators for cell signaling, cell/tissues regulators, and differentiation. They are sensitive compounds that are degraded during cooking and storage processes by factors such as light, heat, oxygen, moisture, pH, time, and reducing agents. Consequently, vitamin encapsulation can overcome limitations associated with external agents such as oxidants, heat, and low solubility, and promotes effective delivery into the body. Water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins are two main groups of this type of micronutrient. Water-soluble vitamins are important for growth, development, and human body function. 
  • 2.0K
  • 23 May 2022
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