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Topic Review
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are the only drugs that have demonstrated success in slowing shrinkage (atrophy) of the cortex, hippocampus, and basal forebrain, major areas of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-associated brain damage and dementia. The main barrier to taking advantage of this new success in treating, or even preventing, AD is that the old available AChE inhibitors are weak reversible inhibitors that cause intolerable nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea if given in the higher doses needed. A promising new strategy for producing high-level AChE inhibition in the brain as needed for effective treatment of AD is the use of AChE inhibitors that are of a different type, the  irreversible inhibitors. 
  • 4.5K
  • 28 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Mechanism of the Phytoremediation Technique
A natural ecosystem can become contaminated due to the excessive release of toxic substances by various anthropogenic and natural activities, which necessitates rehabilitation of the environmental contamination. Phytoremediation is an eco-friendly and cost-efficient method of biotechnological mitigation for the remediation of polluted ecosystems and revegetation of contaminated sites.
  • 4.5K
  • 25 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Dimensionality of materials
As generally known dimensionality of materials is a crucial factor to determine functions and properties of the materials. In addition to zero-dimensional, one-dimensional, three-dimensional, and further integrated functional materials, various two-dimensional materials have been paid special attention. Two-dimensional materials have their unique electronic propertiesand play important roles in interfacial sciences.
  • 4.4K
  • 12 Aug 2021
Topic Review
IoT-Cloud-Based Earthquake Early Warning Systems
Earthquake early warning systems (EEWS) are crucial for saving lives in earthquake-prone areas. Earthquake early warning systems rely on a variety of advanced signal processing techniques and specific parameters to detect and analyze seismic waves in real time. 
  • 4.4K
  • 11 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Fuzzy Logic Control for Refrigeration Systems
Logic fuzzy systems are based on the human ability to think, which has allowed controllers to adapt better to systems by finding an approximation to their real behavior.
  • 4.4K
  • 14 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Fenbendazole Fever
Fenbendazole (FZ) is a benzimidazole carbamate drug with broad-spectrum antiparasitic activity in humans and animals. The mechanism of action of FZ is associated with microtubular polymerization inhibition and glucose uptake blockade resulting in reduced glycogen stores and decreased ATP formation in the adult stages of susceptible parasites. 
  • 4.4K
  • 10 Nov 2022
Topic Review
List of Intel Celeron Microprocessors
The Celeron is a family of microprocessors from Intel targeted at the low-end consumer market. CPUs in the Celeron brand have used designs from sixth- to eighth-generation CPU microarchitectures.
  • 4.4K
  • 06 Dec 2022
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Silicon Micro-Strip Detectors
Silicon micro-strip detectors are fundamental tools for the high energy physics. Each detector is formed by a large set of parallel narrow strips of special surface treatments (diode junctions) on a slab of very high quality silicon crystals. Their development and use required a large amount of work and research. A very synthetic view is given of these important components and of their applications. Some details are devoted to the basic subject of the track reconstruction in silicon strip trackers. Recent demonstrations substantially modified the usual understanding of this argument.
  • 4.4K
  • 18 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Mean Field Theory
In physics and probability theory, mean-field theory (aka MFT or rarely self-consistent field theory) studies the behavior of high-dimensional random (stochastic) models by studying a simpler model that approximates the original by averaging over degrees of freedom. Such models consider many individual components that interact with each other. In MFT, the effect of all the other individuals on any given individual is approximated by a single averaged effect, thus reducing a many-body problem to a one-body problem. The main idea of MFT is to replace all interactions to any one body with an average or effective interaction, sometimes called a molecular field. This reduces any multi-body problem into an effective one-body problem. The ease of solving MFT problems means that some insight into the behavior of the system can be obtained at a lower computational cost. MFT has since been applied to a wide range of fields outside of physics, including statistical inference, graphical models, neuroscience, artificial intelligence, epidemic models, queueing theory, computer network performance and game theory, as in the Quantal response equilibrium.
  • 4.4K
  • 03 Nov 2022
Biography
Rube Goldberg
File:Something for nothing (1940).ogv Reuben Garrett Lucius Goldberg (July 4, 1883 – December 7, 1970), known best as Rube Goldberg, was an American cartoonist, sculptor, author, engineer, and inventor. Goldberg is best known for a series of popular cartoons depicting complicated gadgets that perform simple tasks in indirect, convoluted ways, giving rise to the term Rube Goldberg machines for
  • 4.4K
  • 16 Nov 2022
Topic Review
GaN(0001) Surfaces
Herein, the surface properties of gallium nitride (GaN) of the wurtzite form, (0001) oriented are presented. X-ray and UV photoelectron spectroscopies (XPS, UPS) were employed to show chemical and physical characters of the surface . Basic information about electronic structure of various doped GaN(0001) surfaces as well as surface Fermi level pinning are discussed.
  • 4.4K
  • 10 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Nasal Mucosa Injury
Nasal mucosa injury can be caused by trauma, radiotherapy, chronic infection such as sinusitis, and post sinus surgery. The rate of healing and its treatment are important in the recovery of patients especially in post sinus surgery, which introduces new injuries.
  • 4.4K
  • 28 Apr 2022
Biography
Mikhail Leonidovich Gromov
Mikhail Leonidovich Gromov (also Mikhael Gromov, Michael Gromov or Mischa Gromov; Russian: Михаи́л Леони́дович Гро́мов; born 23 December 1943) is a Russian-French mathematician known for his work in geometry, analysis and group theory. He is a permanent member of IHÉS in France and a Professor of Mathematics at New York University. Gromov has won several prizes, includ
  • 4.4K
  • 29 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Fundamentals of the Electroreduction of CO2
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the main greenhouse gases and the major factor driving global climate change. From the viewpoint of abundance, economics, non-toxicity, and renewability, CO2 is an ideal and significant C1 resource, and its capture and recycling into fuels and chemical feedstocks using renewable energy is of great significance for the sustainable development of society. Electrochemical CO2 reduction reactions (CO2RRs) are an important pathway to utilize CO2 resources. Zinc has been demonstrated as an effective catalyst for CO2RRs.
  • 4.4K
  • 17 Apr 2023
Topic Review
ICT Healthcare Solutions
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) solutions facilitate the monitoring and management of older people’s health to improve quality of life and physical activity with a decline in caregivers’ burden.
  • 4.4K
  • 22 Mar 2021
Topic Review
Homophily
Homophily is the tendency for individuals to associate and form social bonds with others who share similar characteristics or traits, such as age, gender, ethnicity, education level, or interests. This phenomenon reflects the natural inclination of individuals to seek out and interact with others who are like themselves, contributing to the formation of homogenous social networks and communities.
  • 4.4K
  • 08 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Biocontrol Agents
Biocontrol agents (BCAs) are living organisms and their derivatives that act against plant diseases and pests via direct antagonistic effects but also indirectly via the induction of plant resistance. They have been proposed as an alternative to standard fungicides but their disease management capacity is usually incomplete and heavily relies on uncontrollable environmental conditions. An integrated approach of combining BCAs with fungicides can reduce the fungicide doses to manage plant diseases and thereby their residual effects that affect the environment and human health.
  • 4.4K
  • 16 Dec 2020
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Inhabited Institutionalism
Inhabited Institutionalism is a meso-level theoretical approach for evaluating the recursive relationships among institutions, social interactions, and organizations. This theoretical framework offers organizational scholars a multi-faceted consideration of coupling configurations that highlight how institutional processes are maintained, challenged, and transformed without reverting to nested yet binary arguments about individual agency and structural conditions.
  • 4.4K
  • 18 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Draco
Draco, Latin for "the dragon," is a large and distinctive constellation in the northern celestial hemisphere. It is renowned for its winding shape, resembling a serpentine dragon winding around the celestial pole, and is home to several notable deep-sky objects, including the Cat's Eye Nebula and the Draco Dwarf Galaxy.
  • 4.4K
  • 08 Mar 2024
Topic Review
The Festival of Diwali: Its Origins and History
Diwali, the Festival of Lights, is one of India's most celebrated festivals, marked by joy, light, and a spirit of togetherness. Originating in ancient India, Diwali has grown beyond its religious roots to become a global celebration symbolizing victory over darkness, ignorance, and evil. While traditionally associated with Hinduism and stories from the Ramayana, Diwali is also celebrated by Sikhs, Jains, and Buddhists, each community attaching its own significance and narratives to the festivities. This article traces the historical evolution of Diwali from its origins in agrarian societies to its current standing as a multicultural and global festival. It examines the religious and cultural stories associated with Diwali, the rituals and customs observed across different communities, and the festival’s role in fostering social cohesion. As Diwali has spread globally, it has taken on new meanings and variations, demonstrating the enduring appeal of this ancient festival in modern times.
  • 4.4K
  • 01 Nov 2024
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