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Topic Review
Cutibacterium acnes Dysbiosis
This research presents the virulence factors, clinical relevance, and current treatments of C. acnes, highlighting its association with AV, post-surgical infections, and other diseases. It also explores alternative innovative therapies such as phage therapy in development/research that are gaining prominence, with a growing focus on personalized medical approaches.
  • 241
  • 17 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Dactylospongia elegans as A Promising Drug Source
Dactylospongia elegans Thiele (Thorectidae) is a wealth pool of various classes of sesquiterpenes, including hydroquinones, quinones, and tetronic acid derivatives. These metabolites possessed a wide array of potent bioactivities such as antitumor, cytotoxicity, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory. 
  • 500
  • 31 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Diaporthe citri
Citrus melanose is a fungal disease caused by Diaporthe citri F.A. Wolf. It is found in various citrus-growing locations across the world. The host range of D. citri is limited to plants of the Citrus genus. The most economically important hosts are Citrus reticulata (mandarin), C. sinensis (sweet orange), C. grandis or C. maxima (pumelo), and C. paradisi (grapefruit). In the life cycle of D. citri throughout the citrus growing season, pycnidia can be seen in abundance on dead branches, especially after rain, with conidia appearing as slimy masses discharged from the dead twigs. Raindrops can transmit conidia to leaves, twigs, and fruits, resulting in disease dispersion throughout small distances. Persistent rains and warm climatic conditions generally favor disease onset and development. The melanose disease causes a decline in fruit quality, which lowers the value of fruits during marketing and exportation. High rainfall areas should avoid planting susceptible varieties.
  • 912
  • 04 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Dickeya dadantii
Dickeya dadantii is a gram-negative bacillus that belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae. It was formerly known as Erwinia chrysanthemi but was reassigned as Dickeya dadantii in 2005. Members of this family are facultative anaerobes, able to ferment sugars to lactic acid, have nitrate reductase, but lack oxidases. Even though many clinical pathogens are part of the Enterobacteriaceae family, most members of this family are plant pathogens. D. dadantii is a motile, nonsporing, straight rod-shaped cell with rounded ends. Cells range in size from 0.8 to 3.2 μm by 0.5 to 0.8 μm and are surrounded by numerous flagella (peritrichous). In the natural plant environment, D. dadantii causes plant maladies such as necrosis, blight and “soft rot,” which is a progressive tissue maceration. D. dadantii contains many pectinases that are able to macerate and break down the plant cell wall material. This exposed part of the plant releases nutrients that can facilitate bacterial growth. Commonly infected plants include potato tubers, bulbs of vegetables, and ornamental crops.
  • 949
  • 11 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Diopatra
The genus Diopatra is a major driver in sedimentary systems, altering the structure of habitats and changing the frequency of refugia and predator access to prey. It is taken as prey by a variety of shorebirds, crustaceans, and fish and used worldwide as bait.
  • 302
  • 05 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Dlx Genes in Skeletal Development and Maintenance
Skeletal shape and mechanical properties define, to a large extent, vertebrate morphology and physical capacities. During development, skeletal morphogenesis results from dynamic communications between chondrocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and other cellular components of the skeleton. Later in life, skeletal integrity depends from the regulatory cascades that assure the equilibrium between bone formation and resorption. Finally, during aging, skeletal catabolism prevails over anabolism resulting in progressive skeletal degradation. These cellular processes depend on the transcriptional cascades that control cell division and differentiation in each cell type. Most Distal-less (Dlx) homeobox transcription factors are directly involved in determining the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes and osteoblasts and, indirectly, of osteoclasts. The role of these genes in the maintenance of bone integrity has been only partially studied. Dlx genes appear to be involved in several bone pathologies including, for example, osteoporosis. Indeed, at least five large-scale GWAS studies aimed to detect loci associated to human bone mineral density (BMD) have identified a known DLX5/6 regulatory region within chromosome 7q21.3 in proximity of SEM1/FLJ42280/DSS1 coding sequences, suggesting that DLX5/6 expression is critical in determining healthy BMD. 
  • 424
  • 08 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Drosophila melanogaster as Phytochemicals Translational Model System
Drosophila melanogaster, an invertebrate model with its extensively studied genome, has more than 70% gene homology to humans and has been used as a model system in biological studies for a long time. The notable advantages of Drosophila as a model system, such as their low maintenance cost, high reproductive rate, short generation time and lifespan, and the high similarity of metabolic pathways between Drosophila and mammals, have encouraged the use of Drosophila in the context of screening and evaluating the impact of phytochemicals present in the diet. 
  • 211
  • 28 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Drosophila melanogaster in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
Due to the availability of a vast array of genetic manipulation tools, its relatively short lifespan, and its ability to produce many progenies, D. melanogaster has provided the ability to conduct large-scale genetic screens to elucidate possible genetic and molecular interactions in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s Disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). With regards to ALS, many of the gene mutations that have been discovered to be linked to the disease have been modeled in Drosophila to provide a look into a detailed model of pathogenesis. 
  • 477
  • 28 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Dunaliella salina
Dunaliella sp. is a unicellular, halophilic, biflagellate, naked green alga Phylum Chlorophyta, Class Chlorophyceae, order Volvocales, family Polyblepharidaceae with a total of 29 species, as well as several varieties and forms.
  • 1.0K
  • 23 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Emblica officinalis for the Treatment of Hyperlipidemia
The ayurvedic herb Emblica officinalis (E. officinalis) is a gift to mankind to acquire a healthy lifestyle. It has great therapeutic and nutritional importance. Emblica officinalis, also known as Indian gooseberry or Amla, is a member of the Euphorbiaceae family. Amla is beneficial for treating illnesses in all its forms. The most crucial component is a fruit, which is also the most common. It is used frequently in Indian medicine as a restorative, diuretic, liver tonic, refrigerant, stomachic, laxative, antipyretic, hair tonic, ulcer preventive, and for the common cold and fever. Hyperlipidemia is also known as high cholesterol or an increase in one or more lipid-containing blood proteins. Various phytocompounds, including polyphenols, vitamins, amino acids, fixed oils, and flavonoids, are present in the various parts of E. officinalis. E. officinalis has been linked to a variety of pharmacological effects in earlier studies, including hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, radioprotective, and hyperlipidemic effects.
  • 752
  • 10 Feb 2023
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