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Topic Review
Classification of Wine Phenolic Compounds
Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites present in grapes and wine that can be formed and transformed during the winemaking process. Phenolics can be classified as flavonoids (e.g., anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, flavonols) and non-flavonoids (e.g., phenolic acids, stilbenes).
  • 2.4K
  • 12 Apr 2021
Topic Review
CXCL13 in Cancer and Other Diseases
C-X-C chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) and its receptor, CXCR5, make crucial contributions to this process by triggering intracellular signaling cascades in malignant cells and modulating the sophisticated TME in an autocrine or paracrine fashion. The CXCL13/CXCR5 axis has a dominant role in B cell recruitment and tertiary lymphoid structure formation, which activate immune responses against some tumors. In most cancer types, the CXCL13/CXCR5 axis mediates pro-neoplastic immune reactions by recruiting suppressive immune cells into tumor tissues. Tobacco smoke and haze (smohaze) and the carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene induce the secretion of CXCL13 by lung epithelial cells, which contributes to environmental lung carcinogenesis. 
  • 2.4K
  • 09 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Endothelial Cell Metabolism
EC (Endothelial Cell) metabolism is confined to glucose, FAs, and amino acids (AAs), the three major substrates for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and biomass production in ECs, which have been widely studied and summarized.
  • 2.4K
  • 01 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Materials and Applications of Smart Contact Lenses
Smart contact lenses (SCLs) have found applications in the continuous monitoring of ocular parameters, encompassing both physical characteristics, such as pressure and temperature, as well as chemical markers like glucose levels, protein content, and pH. These physiological indicators are intricately linked to human well-being, with noteworthy implications for health.
  • 2.4K
  • 31 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Chinese Wine Industry
After more than 40 years of development, China’s wine regulatory system has been constantly improved, from half-base wine standards to pure-juice fermented wine standards, and then to the establishment of a relatively complete and mature industry-standard system with product and manufacturing standards as the core and other relevant industry standards as accessories. This advancement supports that the Chinese wine industry has emerged from New World wine countries. Nowadays, according to statistics from the International Organization of Vine and Wine, China is one of the top grape producers, wine consumers, and importers globally.
  • 2.4K
  • 20 May 2022
Topic Review
Asteraceae
Recent studies show that searching for new possibilities of phytotherapy using compounds isolated from Centaureinae plants is worth the effort. Treatment based on active substances from plants of the Centaureinae subtribe is often effective and does not cause side effects, as was demonstrated on an example of antifungal infections and SD and melasma and lentigo solaris treatment.
  • 2.4K
  • 09 Dec 2020
Topic Review
1,3,4-Oxadiazole
Compounds containing 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring in their structure are characterised by multidirectional biological activity.
  • 2.4K
  • 13 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Deformation (Mechanics)
Deformation in continuum mechanics is the transformation of a body from a reference configuration to a current configuration. A configuration is a set containing the positions of all particles of the body. A deformation may be caused by external loads, body forces (such as gravity or electromagnetic forces), or changes in temperature, moisture content, or chemical reactions, etc. Strain is a description of deformation in terms of relative displacement of particles in the body that excludes rigid-body motions. Different equivalent choices may be made for the expression of a strain field depending on whether it is defined with respect to the initial or the final configuration of the body and on whether the metric tensor or its dual is considered. In a continuous body, a deformation field results from a stress field induced by applied forces or is due to changes in the temperature field inside the body. The relation between stresses and induced strains is expressed by constitutive equations, e.g., Hooke's law for linear elastic materials. Deformations which are recovered after the stress field has been removed are called elastic deformations. In this case, the continuum completely recovers its original configuration. On the other hand, irreversible deformations remain even after stresses have been removed. One type of irreversible deformation is plastic deformation, which occurs in material bodies after stresses have attained a certain threshold value known as the elastic limit or yield stress, and are the result of slip, or dislocation mechanisms at the atomic level. Another type of irreversible deformation is viscous deformation, which is the irreversible part of viscoelastic deformation. In the case of elastic deformations, the response function linking strain to the deforming stress is the compliance tensor of the material.
  • 2.4K
  • 20 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Ag2O–MnO2/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite
Catalytic oxidation of alcohol to their analogous carbonyls is one of the key organic reactions in both scientific and industrial applications, with universal production of 10,000 million tons/year of carbonyls in the 20th century. Such as, aldehyde and ketone derivatives are extensively employed as precursors in insecticide, flame-retardant, cosmetic, confectionery, flavoring, pharmaceutical, and beverage industries. 
  • 2.4K
  • 27 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Acoustical Goos-Hänchen Effect
Goos–Hänchen effect was an important optical phenomenon. When an optical wave propagates from a denser medium to a thinner medium, the total reflection generates coherent interference. The final propagated wave yields a lateral displacement relative to the incidence wave at the interface. Even though optics has a coherent effect on the total reflection of a finite-sized wave and an acoustic wave is incoherent with a non-total reflection of different frequency components, recent research shows that there is an analog Goos–Hänchen effect in acoustics. 
  • 2.4K
  • 14 Apr 2021
Topic Review
RNA-Targeting CRISPR–Cas Systems
Many CRISPR–Cas systems have been used as a backbone for the development of potent research tools, with Cas9 being the most widespread. While most of the utilized systems are DNA-targeting, recently more and more attention is being gained by those that target RNA. Their ability to specifically recognize a given RNA sequence in an easily programmable way makes them ideal candidates for developing new research tools. 
  • 2.4K
  • 23 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Journal JRFM
Journal of Risk and Financial Management (ISSN 1911-8074; ISSN 1911-8066 for printed edition) is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal on risk and financial management. JRFM was formerly edited by Prof. Dr. Raymond A.K. Cox and published by Prof. Dr. Alan Wong online in one yearly volume from 2008 until end 2012. Since October 2013, it is published monthly and online by MDPI. International Engineering and Technology Institute (IETI), Institute of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence (IDSAI), International Research Institute for Economics and Management (IRIEM) are affiliated to Journal of Risk and Financial Management (JRFM) and their members receive a discount on the article processing charges. Manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision provided to authors approximately 13.9 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 2.9 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the second half of 2020).
  • 2.4K
  • 26 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Whole Genome Amplification in Preimplantation Genetic Testing
Successful whole genome amplification (WGA) is a cornerstone of contemporary preimplantation genetic testing (PGT). Choosing the most suitable WGA technique for PGT can be particularly challenging.
  • 2.4K
  • 27 Jul 2022
Topic Review
1978–79 Boston College Basketball Point Shaving Scandal
The 1978–79 Boston College basketball point shaving scandal involved a scheme in which members of the American Mafia recruited and bribed several Boston College Eagles men's basketball players to ensure the team would not win by the required margin (not cover the point spread), allowing the gamblers in the know to place wagers against that team and win.
  • 2.4K
  • 08 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Rpm
RPM Package Manager (RPM) (originally Red Hat Package Manager; now a recursive acronym) is a package management system. The name RPM refers to the following: the .rpm file format, files in the .rpm file format, software packaged in such files, and the package manager program itself. RPM was intended primarily for Linux distributions; the file format is the baseline package format of the Linux Standard Base. Even though it was created for use in Red Hat Linux, RPM is now used in many Linux distributions. It has also been ported to some other operating systems, such as Novell NetWare (as of version 6.5 SP3), IBM's AIX (as of version 4), CentOS, Fedora (operating system) created jointly between Red Hat and the Fedora community, and Oracle Linux. All versions or variants of the these Linux operating systems use the RPM Package Manager. An RPM package can contain an arbitrary set of files. The larger part of RPM files encountered are “binary RPMs” (or BRPMs) containing the compiled version of some software. There are also “source RPMs” (or SRPMs) files containing the source code used to produce a package. These have an appropriate tag in the file header that distinguishes them from normal (B)RPMs, causing them to be extracted to /usr/src on installation. SRPMs customarily carry the file extension “.src.rpm” (.spm on file systems limited to 3 extension characters, e.g. old DOS FAT).
  • 2.4K
  • 28 Nov 2022
Topic Review
The Influence of CSR and Ethics on Brand
Business ethics and corporate social responsibility (CSR) exert an indirect positive effect on brand fidelity, with relationships mediated by brand love. In turn, brand attitude exerts an indirect effect on brand fidelity, through the mediation of brand love. 
  • 2.4K
  • 28 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Doctor of Canon Law
Doctor of Canon Law (Latin: Juris Canonici Doctor; JCD) is the doctoral-level terminal degree in the studies of canon law of the Roman Catholic Church. It can also be an honorary degree awarded by Anglican colleges. It may also be abbreviated ICD or dr.iur.can. (Iuris Canonici Doctor), ICDr, DCL, DCnl, DDC, or DCanL (Doctor of Canon Law). A doctor of both laws (i.e. canon and civil) is a JUD (Juris Utriusque Doctor) or UJD (Utriusque Juris Doctor).
  • 2.4K
  • 02 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Ion-Selective Electrodes Sensitive to Nitrates Ions
Ion-selective electrodes are a popular analytical tool useful in the analysis of cations and anions in environmental, industrial and clinical samples. 
  • 2.4K
  • 07 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Durability Performance of Geopolymer Concrete
Geopolymer concrete is produced from the geopolymerization process, in which molecules known as oligomers integrate to form geopolymer networks with covalent bonding. Its production expends less thermal energy and results in a smaller carbon footprint compared to Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) concrete. It requires only an alkaline activator to catalyze its aluminosilicate sources such as metakaolin and fly ash, to yield geopolymer binder for the geopolymerization to take place. Because of its eco-friendly technology and practical application, current research interest is mainly concentrated on the endurance of geopolymer concrete to resist heat and chemical aggressions. 
  • 2.4K
  • 07 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE), or e-waste, faces significant sustainability challenges. Characterised by high economic elasticity, i.e. a close correlation between WEEE generation and Gross Domestic Product (GDP), WEEE is one of the fastest growing waste streams worldwide. Hazardous components require attention, while at the same time the potential to implement circular economy schemes with recuperation of valuable components is particularly high for e-waste. An overview on key aspects related to sound management of e-waste is provided in the following.
  • 2.4K
  • 05 Nov 2020
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