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Topic Review
Glyoxylates and Related Structures as Photoinitiators of Polymerization
The design of photoinitiators activable under low-light intensity is an active research field, supported by the energetic sobriety plans imposed by numerous countries in Europe. With an aim to simplify the composition of the photocurable resins, Type I photoinitiators are actively researched as these structures can act as monocomponent systems. In this field, a family of structures has been under-investigated at present, namely, glyoxylates. 
  • 293
  • 26 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Pillar[n]arene-Based Supramolecular Polymers
Supramolecular chemistry enables the manipulation of functional components on a molecular scale, facilitating a “bottom-up” approach to govern the sizes and structures of supramolecular materials. Using dynamic non-covalent interactions, supramolecular polymers can create materials with reversible and degradable characteristics and the abilities to self-heal and respond to external stimuli. Pillar[n]arene represents a novel class of macrocyclic hosts, emerging after cyclodextrins, crown ethers, calixarenes, and cucurbiturils. Its significance lies in its distinctive structure, comparing an electron-rich cavity and two finely adjustable rims, which has sparked considerable interest.
  • 290
  • 21 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Chiral Hydroxamic Acid Ligands in Asymmetric Synthesis
Chiral hydroxamic acid (HA) and bis-hydroxamic acid (BHA) ligands have made significant contributions to the field of asymmetric synthesis, particularly in the synthesis of natural products. These ligands possess unique molecular structures that allow for exceptional stereochemical control, leading to their widespread use in catalytic systems.
  • 288
  • 19 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Cobalt in the Formation of Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis Products
Hydrocarbons obtained through Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) from a mixture of CO and H2, also known as synthesis gas, are one of the promising sources of hydrocarbon feedstocks for further use in chemical and petrochemical industries. The composition of hydrocarbon mixtures depends on both the catalyst properties and the process parameters. 
  • 282
  • 24 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Synthesis of Monoketone Curcuminoids
Curcumin (or diferuloylmethane), a component of Curcuma longa L. rhizomes, displays various biological and pharmacological activities. However, it is poorly bioavailable and unstable in physiological pH. MKCs’ antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, and antiparasitic actions, as well as other less common MKC biological and pharmacological activities, have been shown to be similar or higher than curcumin. The promising biological and pharmacological activities, combined with the attractive synthetic aspects (e.g., good yields and an easiness of product isolation) to obtain MKCs, make this class of compounds an interesting prospect for further antimicrobial, anticancer, and antiparasitic drug discovery.
  • 271
  • 25 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Chemistry of Hypecoum Alkaloids
Genus Hypecoum Tourn. ex L. belongs to the poppy family Papaveraceae and comprises about 19 species occurring in Europe, Northern Africa and Asia. Hypecoum species have been widely used in traditional medicine as antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory remedies. The effects are associated with the biologically and pharmacologically active isoquinoline alkaloids in them such as protopines, protoberberines, benzophenanthridines, aporphines, simple isoquinolines, secoberbines, spirobenzylisoquinolines and others. 
  • 263
  • 09 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Synthesis of Arylcyanomethylenequinone Oximes
Quinone methides are a class of biologically active compounds that can be used in medicine as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory agents. In addition, quinone methides have the potential to be used as pesticides, dyes, and additives for rubber and plastics.
  • 250
  • 17 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Membrane-Active Topoisomeric Peptides
Bioactive peptides have been gaining recognition in various biomedical areas, such as intracellular drug delivery (cell-penetrating peptides, CPPs) or anti-infective action (antimicrobial peptides, AMPs), closely associated to their distinct mode of interaction with biological membranes. However, ordinary peptides formed by L-amino acids are easily decomposed by proteases in biological fluids. One way to sidestep this limitation is to use topoisomers, namely versions of the peptide made up of D-amino acids in either canonic (enantio) or inverted (retroenantio) sequence.
  • 248
  • 30 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Pillar[n]arene-Based Supramolecular Polymers
The field of fluorescence sensing, leveraging various supramolecular self-assembled architectures constructed from macrocyclic pillar[n]arenes, has seen significant advancement in recent decades.
  • 237
  • 06 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Small-Molecule Thermoresponsive Ionic Liquid Materials
Ionic liquids (ILs) are a class of low-melting molten salts (<100 °C) constituted entirely of ions, and their research has gained tremendous attention in line with their remarkably growing applications.
  • 235
  • 07 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Self-Assembled Monolayer-Based Hole-Transporting Materials
Ever since self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) were adopted as hole-transporting layers (HTL) for perovskite solar cells (PSCs), numerous SAMs for HTL have been synthesized and reported. SAMs offer several unique advantages including relatively simple synthesis, straightforward molecular engineering, effective surface modification using small amounts of molecules, and suitability for large-area device fabrication. 
  • 233
  • 19 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Novel Materials for Semi-Transparent Organic Solar Cells
The rapid development of photovoltaic technology has driven the search for novel materials that can improve the cost-effectiveness and efficiency of solar cells. Organic semiconductors offer unique optical tunability and transparency, allowing customization for the absorption of specific optical spectra like near-infrared radiation. Through the molecular engineering of electron donors and acceptors, these materials can be optimized for targeted optical selectivity. This adaptability enables the development of efficient energy-harvesting devices tailored for specific spectral regions. Consequently, organic semiconductors present a promising avenue for specialized applications such as semi-transparent organic solar cells. 
  • 233
  • 23 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Chlorine in an Organic Molecule
Due to the electronic configuration of the atom and charge of the nucleus, the chlorine in organic molecules can exert a variety of effects. It can depart as a chloride anion in the process of substitution and elimination, facilitates the abstraction of protons and stabilizes generated carbanions, exerts moderate stabilizing effect of carbenes, carbocations and radicals. There are frequent cases where chlorine substituent promotes more than one transformation. 
  • 228
  • 17 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Chlorophyll and TiO2
Chlorophyll sensitization can improve the performance of semiconductors like TiO2 in photocatalytic reactions and light-harvesting technologies, such as solar cells. Faced with the search for renewable energy sources and sustainable technologies, the application of this natural pigment has been gaining prominence.
  • 227
  • 11 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Organic Fouling Influencing Factors in Membrane Separation Processes
Organic matter such as raw wastewater organic matter (WOM), effluent organic matter (EOM), and natural organic matter (NOM) can contribute to membrane fouling in membrane separation processes. These organic compounds can include proteins, lipids, amino acids, polysaccharides, colloidal particles, humic and folic acids, and other complex organic molecules. These compounds can accumulate on the membrane surface or inside pores, leading to fouling. The accumulation of organic matter on the membrane surface can also lead to the formation of a biofilm, which can further exacerbate fouling and reduce the efficiency of the membrane separation process.
  • 213
  • 20 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Stereoselective Catalytic Synthesis of Bioactive Compounds in NADESs
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are a mixture of two or more components, and at a particular composition, they become liquids at room temperature. When the compounds that constitute the DESs are primary metabolites namely, amino acids, organic acids, sugars, or choline derivatives, the DESs are called natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs).
  • 209
  • 28 Feb 2024
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