Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort:
Hottest Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Type:
All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Low-Dose Alcohol Consumption on Chronic Liver Disease
Although alcohol is one of the most important etiologic agents in the development of chronic liver disease worldwide, also recognized as a promoter of carcinogenesis, several studies have shown a beneficial effect of moderate consumption in terms of reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Whether this benefit is also present in patients with liver disease due to other causes (viral, metabolic, and others) is still debated. Although there is no clear evidence emerging from guidelines and scientific literature, total abstention from drinking is usually prescribed in clinical practice.
  • 124
  • 06 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Heat Stress Tolerance in Cowpea
Heat stress is often described as a condition of high temperatures that are sufficient to cause permanent damage to plant processes, including shortening the time for photosynthetic contribution to seed production. Heat stress on most plants can impact functions through the direct effects of high tissue temperature or the indirect consequences of the high evaporative demand accompanying hot weather. Understanding the impact of heat stress is crucial for plant breeding because it relates to key adaptive, biochemical, morphological, physiological, and reproductive processes. Despite its ability to thrive in high-temperature environments, cowpea productivity can be hampered by heat stress, particularly when night air temperatures exceed 17 °C. The crop’s germplasm pool potentially possesses significant genetic variability that can be harnessed to breed for heat-tolerant varieties. 
  • 160
  • 06 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Fluorescence Imaging with Chemical Sensors in Marine Research
Fluorescence imaging in combination with optical chemical sensors has become a powerful analytical tool that enables the visualization and quantification of chemical species within a sample or on sample surfaces. By the use of fluorescent sensor parameters which exhibit no intrinsic color or fluorescence, e.g., oxygen, pH, CO2, and H2O2, various metal cations or temperature can be imaged. Imaging methods by the means of optical sensors are applied in diverse scientific areas such as medical research and diagnostics, aerodynamics, environmental analysis, or marine research.
  • 133
  • 06 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Ohio’s 5G and Broadband Workforce
Advancements in fifth generation (5G) technology and broadband communications create novel opportunities in numerous sectors, especially with regard to workforce development. As modern society further shifts to become that of an ‘information society’, 5G and broadband investment, development, and use have been shown to increase income, employment, and business expansion, especially in rural areas.
  • 152
  • 06 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Predatory and Defensive Strategies in Cone Snails
Cone snails are specialized carnivorous marine mollusks that can be found in coral reef areas, from shallow intertidal to deeper waters, and spread across the tropical Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic Oceans. They are classified as gastropods within the Conidae family, which feature hollow radular teeth and venom glands. They use a complex venom mixture to paralyze and hunt fish, mollusks, and worms.
  • 107
  • 06 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Pathogenetic Mechanism in Giant Cell Arteritis
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is an autoimmune disease affecting large vessels in patients over 50 years old. It is an exemplary model of a classic inflammatory disorder with IL-6 playing the leading role.
  • 122
  • 06 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Role of Propolis in Modifying Aging Hallmarks
Aging populations worldwide are placing age-related diseases at the forefront of the research agenda. The therapeutic potential of natural substances, especially propolis and its components, has led to these products being promising agents for alleviating several cellular and molecular-level changes associated with age-related diseases.
  • 137
  • 06 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Crises in Antimicrobial Stewardship
Helicobacter pylori is a class I carcinogen that infects more than 100 million individuals in the United States. Antimicrobial therapy for H. pylori has typically been prescribed empirically rather than based on susceptibility testing.
  • 302
  • 06 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Impact of Early-Life Cecal Microbiota Transplantation in Chickens
Injurious behaviors (i.e., aggressive pecking, feather pecking, and cannibalism) in laying hens are a critical issue facing the egg industry due to increased social stress and related health and welfare issues as well as economic losses. In humans, stress-induced dysbiosis increases gut permeability, releasing various neuroactive factors, causing neuroinflammation and related neuropsychiatric disorders via the microbiota–gut–brain axis, and consequently increasing the frequency and intensity of aggression and violent behaviors. Restoration of the imbalanced gut microbial composition has become a novel treatment strategy for mental illnesses, such as depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, impulsivity, and compulsivity. A similar function of modulating gut microbial composition following stress challenge may be present in egg-laying chickens. 
  • 114
  • 06 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Mendelian Susceptibility to Mycobacterial Disease
The diagnosis and treatment of patients with mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD) pose consistent challenges due to the diverse infection spectrum observed in this population. Common clinical manifestations include Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine (BCG) complications in countries where routine BCG vaccination is practiced, while in non-BCG-vaccinating countries, Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) is prevalent. In tuberculosis-endemic regions, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) has a high prevalence, along with other intracellular organisms.
  • 296
  • 06 Mar 2024
  • Page
  • of
  • 5489
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Books

>>
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of COVID-19
Encyclopedia of Fungi
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
Video Production Service
Feedback