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Topic Review
Camera-LiDAR-Based 3D Object Detection Methods
Three-dimensional (3D) object detection is a topic that has gained interest within the scientific community dedicated to vehicle automation. Based on LiDAR and stereo cameras, and considering only deep learning-based approaches, 3D object detection methods are classified according to the type of input data: camera-based, LiDAR-based, and fusion-based 3D object detection.
  • 168
  • 15 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Role of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Chronic Pain
Chronic pain is sustained, in part, through the intricate process of central sensitization (CS), marked by maladaptive neuroplasticity and neuronal hyperexcitability within central pain pathways. Accumulating evidence suggests that CS is also driven by neuroinflammation in the peripheral and central nervous system. In any chronic disease, the search for perpetuating factors is crucial in identifying therapeutic targets and developing primary preventive strategies. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) emerges as a critical regulator of synaptic plasticity, serving as both a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator. Mounting evidence supports BDNF’s pro-nociceptive role, spanning from its pain-sensitizing capacity across multiple levels of nociceptive pathways to its intricate involvement in CS and neuroinflammation.
  • 83
  • 15 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Saudi Arabia’s Ambitious Reform Programme with Vision 2030
Vision 2030 of Saudi Arabia is an important project that mainly targets the reduction in dependency on the oil economy through the growth of non-oil Industries. 
  • 221
  • 15 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Valve-in-Valve Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) have been increasingly implanted instead of mechanical valves in patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). Structural valve deterioration (SVD) is a common issue at follow-up and can justify the need for a reintervention. In the evolving landscape of interventional cardiology, valve-in-valve transcatheter aortic valve replacement (ViV TAVR) has emerged as a remarkable innovation to address the complex challenges of patients previously treated with SAVR and has rapidly gained prominence as a feasible technique especially in patients at high surgical risk. On the other hand, the expanding indications for TAVR in progressively younger patients with severe aortic stenosis pose the crucial question on the long-term durability of transcatheter heart valves (THVs), as patients might outlive the bioprosthetic valve.
  • 110
  • 15 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Wild Carrot (Daucus carota)
Daucus carota L., a member of the Apiaceae family, comprises 13 subspecies, with one being cultivated (D. carota L. ssp. sativus (Hoffm.) Arcang.) and the remaining being wild. Traditionally, the wild carrot has been recognized for its antilithic, diuretic, carminative, antiseptic, and anti-inflammatory properties and has been employed in the treatment of urinary calculus, cystitis, gout, prostatitis, and cancer. 
  • 157
  • 15 Mar 2024
Topic Review
New Business Models in the Energy Sector
The relevance of the problem of improving business models in the energy industry has become especially acute in recent years due to the energy transition, the emergence of new energy production and consumption technologies, and the increase in environmental requirements for energy companies’ performance.
  • 264
  • 15 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Norma
Norma, Latin for "the square," is a small southern constellation located in the Milky Way. Despite its diminutive size and lack of bright stars, it remains one of the 88 modern constellations recognized by the International Astronomical Union (IAU).
  • 256
  • 15 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Musca
Musca, Latin for "the fly," is a small constellation located in the southern celestial hemisphere. Representing a common household insect, Musca is one of the 12 constellations introduced by the Dutch astronomer Petrus Plancius in the late 16th century. 
  • 269
  • 15 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Monoceros
Monoceros, Latin for "unicorn," is a constellation located in the celestial equator. Despite lacking ancient mythological roots, it was introduced in the 17th century by the astronomer Jakob Bartsch and later included in Johann Bayer's Uranometria, symbolizing the unicorn, a creature of myth and fantasy.
  • 492
  • 15 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Microscopium
Microscopium is a small and faint constellation located in the southern celestial hemisphere. It was first introduced by the French astronomer Nicolas Louis de Lacaille during the 18th century, who named it in honor of the microscope, reflecting the era's burgeoning interest in scientific instrumentation. Despite its modest visibility, it contains several notable celestial objects, including a few galaxies and a planetary nebula.
  • 473
  • 15 Mar 2024
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