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All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Development and Application of Underground Intelligent Load-Haul-Dump Vehicle
Load-haul-dump vehicle (LHD) is an important and necessary piece of mining equipment, which plays a key role in the transportation of underground ores. Traditional LHD vehicles usually complete ore shoveling, transporting and unloading through manual operation.
  • 871
  • 27 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Development and Implementation of Inverse Design Method
The increasingly stringent requirements in terms of flexibility and efficiency for hydraulic turbines pose new challenges for designers. The inverse three-dimensional design strategy has recently demonstrated its effectiveness in improving the hydraulic machines performance hence representing a valid alternative to the traditional design method.
  • 220
  • 13 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Development in Vision-Based On-Road Behaviors Understanding
On-road behavior analysis is a crucial and challenging problem in the autonomous driving vision-based area. Several endeavors have been proposed to deal with different related tasks and it has gained wide attention recently. Much of the excitement about on-road behavior understanding has been the labor of advancement witnessed in the fields of computer vision, machine, and deep learning. Remarkable achievements have been made in the Road Behavior Understanding area over the last years.
  • 498
  • 18 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Development of a Real-World Driving Cycle
Global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reached a new high in 2019. Although 2020 GHG emissions were lower than those in 2019 due to the COVID-19 crisis and associated actions, GHG concentrations in the atmosphere are continuing to rise. An improvement in on-road driving behavior that would reduce fuel consumption would benefit a huge number of motorcycle riders, resulting in significant reductions in fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. Therefore, it is essential to aggregate sufficient realistic data to generate representative real-world driving cycles that can be employed reliably for fuel consumption and exhaust emission assessment in the future. 
  • 434
  • 01 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Development of Bottom-Blowing Copper Smelting Technology
Bottom-blowing copper smelting technology was initiated and developed in China in the 1990s. Injection of oxygen-enriched high-pressure gas strongly stirs the molten bath consisting of matte and slag. Rapid reaction at relatively lower temperatures and good adaptability of the feed materials are the main advantages of this technology. Development and optimisation of bottom-blowing copper smelting technology were supported by extensive studies on the thermodynamics of the slag and the fluid dynamic of the molten bath.
  • 2.7K
  • 26 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Development of Control Techniques for AC Microgrids
In distribution networks, the inclusion of multiple distributed generators (DGs) requires the development of control strategies to manage power flows within the microgrids (MG) or between the MG and the traditional grid. The hierarchical approach with three levels (primary, secondary, tertiary) and different control strategies (decentralized, centralized, distributed) has proven to be very efficient in achieving the set objectives. The primary control ensures reliable and safe operation while maintaining voltage and frequency stability. This control is mostly decentralized, functional only in islanded mode, and implemented using droop control. The secondary control is applied to optimize the quality of MG energy while minimizing voltage and frequency deviations. It is used in centralized and distributed approaches, with applications in autonomous mode, although voltage regulation is a task that responds to a local phenomenon, and it could also be a function to be performed in grid-connected mode. The tertiary control is used to achieve economic optimization based on energy costs and the electricity market. By using information, it can be used with centralized or distributed strategies. This control is the only one that performs tasks in both modes of MG operation.w
  • 533
  • 29 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Development of Electrostatic Microactuators
Operation with micrometric size objects requires a change in the entire paradigm in manipulation equipment and particularly in the field of related actuators. Microactuators have low energy efficiency compared to the devices of macroscale. The dimensions of these drives are so small that standard kinematic arrangement is not applicable. On the other hand, the small size allows the use of lower mechanical parameters materials due to the dimensional limits of the micromechanisms. With the development of the biological industry, these actuators became a key for living cell positioning, high-speed microscopy, and other micro-scale technologies. New emerging transducer materials such as magnetic nanoparticles, metallic nanoparticles, expandable micro-spheres, and conductive polymers can be used for the design of micro-scale sensors and actuators. Despite the used materials, the surface effects and inter-molecular interactions are important in micro-scale; in nanoscale, these phenomena become essential. Micro/nanoelectromechanical systems (MEMSs/NEMSs) with electrostatic drives have fast response, are power efficient, and fit well for micro- and nanopositioning. Drive operating voltage, response speed, operating stroke, generated force, and the accumulated amount of energy define these actuators’ application area. The electrostatic actuators suffer from the pull-in phenomenon (loss of the equilibrium between attractive and repulsive forces), limiting their performance. This limitation could be overcome by developing actuators based on repulsive force or electrostatic levitation.
  • 1.3K
  • 26 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Development of Plant Protection Methods
Over thousands of years, the history of human survival and development has been accompanied by the struggle against plant pests, among which plant target recognition, plant protection methods and plant protection machinery constitute the three elements of plant protection. Plant protection practices have been enriched around the world.  Six types of plant protection methods have been developed, including the agricultural method, the physical method, the biological method, the chemical method, plant quarantine and integrated pest management (IPM).
  • 657
  • 27 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Development of Port Communication Systems
The efficient and sustainable operation of container terminals (CTs) plays a key role in global trade and in ensuring the sustainable functioning of transport chains. While larger container terminals utilise port communication systems (PCSs), smaller container terminals often face challenges when implementing similar systems due to resource constraints and unique operational characteristics.
  • 163
  • 01 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Development of Pricing in the Power Grid
The continuous changes in the power industry have driven reforms in energy pricing within the distribution system, improving efficiency while reducing wholesale electricity costs. Pricing is one of the essential factors in marketing strategies, benefiting stakeholders, maintaining the balance of the power system, and enabling the creation of new regional markets using more renewable energy sources (RESs).
  • 259
  • 25 Jun 2023
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