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Topic Review
Intelligent Technologies for Urban Hazardous Chemical Disaster Management
Urban safety production is a core component of social safety and is associated with the production, storage and transport of hazardous chemicals, which are potential sources of disaster in an urban area. Intelligent technologies are critical in improving disaster management and control.
  • 182
  • 24 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Multi-AGV Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem
In real manufacturing environments, the number of automatic guided vehicles (AGV) is limited. Therefore, the scheduling problem that considers a limited number of AGVs is much nearer to real production and very important.
  • 146
  • 24 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Energy-Saving Operational Strategies for Urban Rail Transit System
Designing low-carbon urban rail transit systems is a critical component of reducing emissions and addressing climate change at the urban scale. Energy-saving operational strategies have been investigated in two major ways: the utilization of the potential gravitational energy of a train and the flexibility of control conditions.
  • 243
  • 24 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Using of Glycerol in the Esterification of Rosin
Rosin is a compound that originates from pine trees. It is obtained after the volatile component (turpentine) has been distilled. Rosin is translucent and its color ranges from brilliant yellow to brown. The substance exhibits insolubility in water but is soluble in a variety of organic solvents including alcohol, ether, acetone, benzene, chloroform, turpentine, and others. Gum rosin is an important agricultural commodity which is widely used as a raw material for various industries. However, gum rosin has low stability, crystallizes easily, and tends to oxidize. This is due to carboxyl groups and conjugated double bonds in gum rosin’s structure. Therefore, to reduce these weaknesses, it is necessary to modify the rosin compound to achieve better stability via the esterification process.
  • 477
  • 23 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Tensegrity Kinematics and Kinetics
Tensegrity robots offer several advantageous features, such as being hyper-redundant, lightweight, shock-resistant, and incorporating wire-driven structures. Despite these benefits, tensegrity structures are also recognized for their complexity, which presents a challenge when addressing the kinematics and dynamics of tensegrity robots.
  • 188
  • 23 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Sustainable Transportation System
Sustainable transport has become an important element in structuring urban operations. In this context, sustainable transportation is a key factor to tackle environmental, social, and economic challenges. Eventually, the incorporation of sustainable solutions into transportation networks has grown significantly. Such growth is strictly related to globalization and urban development due to the large increase in transport needs.
  • 188
  • 23 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Biomass Waste Conversion Technologies for Sustainable Environmental Development
Biomass is defined as organic matter originating from living plants that can be naturally replenished or renewed. Biomass waste can be converted into valuable resources with high efficiency and low cost, which can save money and conserve natural resources. Biomass conversion is the process of converting organic matter from biomass into usable forms of energy and high-value products.
  • 169
  • 23 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Industry 4.0 Concept in Railway Transportation
Industry 4.0 is a concept applied to many different industries and enterprises to make them more intelligent, dynamic, and flexible to meet the challenges of the highly dynamic global market.
  • 422
  • 23 Nov 2023
Topic Review
‘Buildability’ in the Digital Age
Since the emergence of the concept of “buildability” in 1983, numerous studies have focused on improving project performance through buildability. Initially, the buildability discourse was based on narrow definitions and focused on aspects that could improve construction performance.
  • 564
  • 23 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Classifying Invention Objectives of Electric Vehicle Chargers
This entry focuses on the crucial role of electric vehicles (EVs) in global decarbonization and sustainable development. The study employs a combination of data extraction, data cleaning, natural language processing (NLP), statistical analysis, and unsupervised machine learning (ML) to identify and visualize themes in EV charger technology.
  • 148
  • 23 Nov 2023
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