Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort:
Hottest Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Type:
All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
SC and TE Treatment of Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction
Tissue engineering (TE) is a rapidly evolving biomedical discipline that can play an important role in treating neurogenic bladder dysfunction and compensating for conventional options’ shortcomings. 
  • 291
  • 09 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Emerging Tumor Markers in Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer (OC) is characterized by silent progression and late-stage diagnosis. It is critical to detect and accurately diagnose the disease early to improve survival rates. Tumor markers have emerged as valuable tools in the diagnosis and management of OC, offering non-invasive and cost-effective options for screening, monitoring, and prognosis.
  • 292
  • 09 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Therapies in Kidney Transplant Rejection
Despite significant advancements in immunosuppressive therapies, kidney transplant rejection continues to pose a substantial challenge, impacting the long-term survival of grafts. TCMR is diagnosed through histological examination of kidney biopsy samples, which reveal the infiltration of mononuclear cells into the allograft tissue. Corticosteroids serve as the primary treatment for TCMR, while severe or steroid-resistant cases may require T-cell-depleting agents, like Thymoglobulin. ABMR occurs due to the binding of antibodies to graft endothelial cells. The most common treatment for ABMR is plasmapheresis, although its efficacy is still a subject of debate. Other current therapies, such as intravenous immunoglobulins, anti-CD20 antibodies, complement inhibitors, and proteasome inhibitors, are also utilized to varying degrees, but their efficacy remains questionable. Management decisions for ABMR depend on the timing of the rejection episode and the presence of chronic changes. In managing both TCMR and ABMR, it is crucial to optimize immunosuppression and address adherence.
  • 287
  • 09 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Types of Breast Cancer Imaging
Cancer is an incurable disease based on unregulated cell division. Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide, and early detection can lower death rates. Medical images can be used to find important information for locating and diagnosing breast cancer. The best information for identifying and diagnosing breast cancer comes from medical pictures.
  • 310
  • 09 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Acidophilic Lactic Acid Bacteria in Foods and Health
Acidophilic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are the most commonly used low-pH microorganisms in the healthcare, pharmaceutical, and food industries.
  • 553
  • 08 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Stages, Grades and Types of  Bladder Cancer
The bladder is a hollow organ located in the lower abdominal region. The bladder is contiguous with the ureters above, through which urine flows from the kidneys, and the urethra below, which dispels urine from the body. There are four parts to the bladder, the apex or dome, body, fundus, and neck. The apex is the anterosuperior part of the bladder that points towards the abdominal wall. The fundus, or base, is the posteroinferior part of the bladder. The fundus lies on the inferior aspect of the proximal wall while the apex lies on the anterior aspect of the wall, extending towards the pubic symphysis. The body of the bladder is the large area situated between the apex and the fundus. The neck of the bladder is the constricted part of the bladder that leads to the urethra. The upper part of the bladder consists of the apex and body which are above the ureteric orifices. The lower part consists of the fundus, neck, and trigone. The trigone is an inverted triangular-shaped area of space that is made entirely of smooth muscle. Its superolateral angles are formed by the ureteric orifices. The neck lies at the base of the trigone and it is the most inferior point of the bladder.
  • 274
  • 08 Aug 2023
Topic Review
The Chiari Malformation and the ‘Arnold-Chiari’ Eponym
Chiari malformations are a group of craniovertebral junction anomalies characterized by the herniation of cerebellar tonsils below the foramen magnum, often accompanied by brainstem descent. The existing classification systems for Chiari malformations have expanded from the original four categories to nine, leading to debates about the need for a more descriptive and etiopathogenic terminology.
  • 402
  • 08 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Priapism at Diagnosis of Pediatric Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Pediatric chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a very rare malignancy (age-related incidence 0.1/100,000) typically presenting with leucocyte counts >100,000/µL. However, clinical signs of leukostasis are observed at diagnosis in only approximately 10% of all cases and among these, priapism is infrequent.
  • 306
  • 08 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Advancing Regenerative Cellular Therapies in Non-Scarring Alopecia
Alopecia or baldness is a common diagnosis in clinical practice. Alopecia can be scarring or non-scarring, diffuse or patchy. The most prevalent type of alopecia is non-scarring alopecia, with the majority of cases being androgenetic alopecia (AGA) or alopecia areata (AA). AGA is traditionally treated with minoxidil and finasteride, while AA is treated with immune modulators; however, both treatments have significant downsides.
  • 574
  • 08 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Risk Factors of Knee Osteoarthritis
The knee is the joint most frequently involved in osteoarthritis and represents a significant contributor to patient morbidity and impaired functional status. Major risk factors include genetics, age, sex, mechanical load and obesity/metabolic syndrome. Some studies highlighted the role of obesity and metabolic syndrome in the pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis not simply through increased mechanical loading but the systemic effects of obesity-induced inflammation. The current concept of knee osteoarthritis is that of a ‘whole joint disease’, which highlights the involvement not only of articular cartilage but also the synovium, subchondral bone, ligaments and muscles. 
  • 328
  • 08 Aug 2023
  • Page
  • of
  • 1349
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Books

>>
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of COVID-19
Encyclopedia of Fungi
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
Video Production Service
Feedback