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All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Genistein’s Effects in Preclinical Models of Cervical Cancer
Cervical cancer is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer among women worldwide. While treatments exist to stop growth of cervical cancer in humans, they are often associated with major side effects and the development of resistance to therapy. Traditionally, plant-derived compounds have been used to treat many ailments, including cancer. The search for novel plant-derived chemicals is important, as they can potentially provide effective treatment with less severe side effects and importantly overcome drug resistance. Genistein and its analogues have been shown to decrease survival and proliferation as well as induce cell death in cell culture models of cervical cancer and reduce tumor volume in a mouse model. 
  • 213
  • 27 Dec 2023
Topic Review
CDC6 as Key Inhibitory Regulator of CDK1 Activation
The kinetics of Cyclin Dependent Kinase 1 (CDK1) activation must be strictly controlled to guarantee a timely and physiological entry into mitosis. CDC6, a known S-phase regulator, has been found as a critical component in mitotic CDK1 activation cascade in early embryonic divisions. It acts due to association with Xic1 serving as a bona fide CDK1 inhibitor upstream of Aurora A and Polo-Like Kinase 1 (PLK1), both of which are CDK1 activators.
  • 212
  • 05 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Advantages of Drosophila Model in Polyploid Cell Investigation
Polyploid cells are frequently observed in advanced cancer, particularly after standard cancer treatment such as anticancer drugs and radiation therapy. This suggests that polyploid cells lurking in a cancer tissue possess a superior ability to withstand environmental stress, making them more likely to survive anticancer therapies. The polyploid cells in cancer tissues, commonly termed polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs), but also referred to as blastomere-like cancer cells, osteoclast-like cancer cells, pleomorphic cancer cells, large cancer stem cells, and polyaneuploid cancer cells (PACCs), are thought to play an important role in tumor progression. 
  • 209
  • 17 Jan 2024
Topic Review
TRPV4 and Calcium Oscillations in Tissue Repair
The transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) specifically functions as a mechanosensitive ion channel and is responsible for conveying changes in physical stimuli such as mechanical stress, osmotic pressure, and temperature. TRPV4 enables the entry of cation ions, particularly calcium ions, into the cell. Activation of TRPV4 channels initiates calcium oscillations, which trigger intracellular signaling pathways involved in a plethora of cellular processes, including tissue repair. Widely expressed throughout the body, TRPV4 can be activated by a wide array of physicochemical stimuli, thus contributing to sensory and physiological functions in multiple organs.
  • 209
  • 30 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Connexins in Tumor Microenvironment Initiation and Maintenance
Connexins are proteins which comprise gap junctions in cells. These junctions can directly connect neighboring cells and the cell interior with the extracellular microenvironment and thus they act as tissue integrators. In addition, connexins perform a variety of non-channel functions. Alterations in connexin regulation can lead to unfavorable shifts in the tissue adhesive context thus eradicating the constraints of the normal tissue microenvironment, triggering (or enhancing) cancerogenesis and further tumor progression.
  • 207
  • 04 May 2023
Topic Review
Natural Chalcones and Derivatives in Colon Cancer
Colon cancer poses a complex and substantial global health challenge, necessitating innovative therapeutic approaches. Chalcones, a versatile class of compounds with diverse pharmacological properties, have emerged as promising candidates for addressing colon cancer. Their ability to modulate pivotal signaling pathways in the development and progression of colon cancer makes them invaluable as targeted therapeutics. Nevertheless, it is crucial to recognize that although chalcones exhibit promise, further pre-clinical studies are required to validate their efficacy and safety. The journey toward effective colon cancer treatment is multifaceted, involving considerations such as optimizing the sequencing of therapeutic agents, comprehending the resistance mechanisms, and exploring combination therapies incorporating chalcones.
  • 207
  • 06 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Patient-Derived Preclinical Prostate Cancer Models
To understand the molecular mechanisms of cancer progression, acquired drug resistance, and the metastatic process, the use of preclinical in vitro models that faithfully summarize the properties of the tumor in patients is still a necessity. The tumor is represented by a diverse group of cell clones, and to reproduce in vitro preclinical tumor models, monolayer cell cultures have been supplanted by patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models and cultured organoids derived from the patient (PDO). These models have proved indispensable for the study of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and its interaction with tumor cells. 
  • 206
  • 27 Nov 2023
Topic Review
1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Synthase and 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Oxidase in Abiotic Stress
Ethylene is an essential plant hormone, critical in various physiological processes. These processes include seed germination, leaf senescence, fruit ripening, and the plant’s response to environmental stressors. Ethylene biosynthesis is tightly regulated by two key enzymes, namely 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO). Under normal developmental processes, ACS and ACO collaborate to maintain balanced ethylene production, ensuring proper plant growth and physiology. However, under abiotic stress conditions, such as drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, or pathogen attack, the regulation of ethylene biosynthesis becomes critical for plants’ survival.
  • 203
  • 16 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Resistance to Immunotherapy in Oral Malignant Melanoma
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) antibodies, have initiated a new era in the treatment of malignant melanoma.
  • 201
  • 14 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Vitamin D and Resveratrol Performances in COVID-19
A variety of observational epidemiological studies have reported that vitamin D deficiency is often a crucial factor in many inflammatory diseases and autoimmune diseases, as well as the susceptibility to contract infectious diseases, including acute respiratory infections. Similarly, resveratrol regulates immunity, modifying the gene expression and the release of proinflammatory cytokines in the immune cells. Therefore, it plays an immunomodulatory role that can be beneficial in the prevention and development of non-communicable diseases associated with inflammation. Since both vitamin D and resveratrol also act as immunomodulators in inflammatory pathologies, many studies have paid particular attention to an integrated treatment of either vitamin D or resveratrol in the immune reaction against SARS-CoV-2 infections.
  • 200
  • 28 Jun 2023
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