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Topic Review
Reinforcement Materials
The role of the reinforcement in a composite material is mainly one of increasing the mechanical and anti-corrosion properties of the system, but the intrinsic properties of nanofillers, as well as their size, morphology, chemical functional groups, and their amounts, influence significantly many more properties of nanocomposites.
  • 422
  • 27 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Dual H-Bonding and Enamine Activation
Asymmetric enamine base activation of carbonyl compounds is a well-known and widely used strategy for providing functionalization of organic compounds in an efficient way. The use of solely organic substances, which in most cases are commercially available primary or secondary amines that are easy to obtain, avoids the use of hazardous substances or metal traces, making this type of catalysis a highly convenient methodology from a sustainable point of view.
  • 294
  • 27 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Mechanism of Cotton Combustion
As a cellulose-based polymer, the combustion of cotton is an exothermic oxidation process that takes place upon heating, consuming flammable gases, liquids, and solid residues produced during the pyrolysis of the textile material, thus generating heat.
  • 1.0K
  • 27 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Engineered Lipidic Nanomaterials for Cancer Therapy
Sphingomyelin (SM) and its metabolites are crucial regulators of tumor cell growth, differentiation, senescence, and programmed cell death. With the rise in lipid-based nanomaterials, engineered lipidic nanomaterials inspired by SM metabolism, corresponding lipid targeting, and signaling activation have made fascinating advances in cancer therapeutic processes.
  • 388
  • 26 Jul 2023
Topic Review
AuNP-liposome Nanocomposites: Architectures, Chemistry of Preparation, Analytical Characterization
These contents aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the various architectures of AuNP-liposome nanocomposites and the factors influencing their formation. The objectives of these contents are to: 1. Define the term "architecture" concerning the spatial assembly of AuNP (gold nanoparticles) and liposomes, highlighting the various forms in which these assemblies can exist. 2. Explain how the architectures of AuNP-liposome nanocomposites depend on factors such as the size, shape, and surface chemistry of AuNP, as well as the characteristics of the hosting liposomes and the methods used to prepare the nanocomposites. 4. Discuss the different starting materials that can be used to create AuNP-liposome nanocomposites, including pre-prepared AuNP, gold ions that need to be reduced in situ, and ionic/molecular precursors of gold. 4. Describe the specific chemistry which can be employed to encapsulate hydrophilic and hydrophobic pre-prepared AuNP into liposomes, depending on the type of interactions (electrostatic or covalent) provided and the size of the AuNP.
  • 355
  • 26 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Semiconductor Heterogeneous Photocatalysts
Semiconductor-based photocatalytic reactions are a practical class of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) to address energy scarcity and environmental pollution. By utilizing solar energy as a clean, abundant, and renewable source, this process offers numerous advantages, including high efficiency, eco-friendliness, and low cost.
  • 349
  • 26 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Bone Grafts and Substitutes for Bone Repair
The ideal biomaterials substitute for bone repair should possess the following characteristics: provide osteogenic, osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties; stimulate the neo-angiogenesis process; absence of antigenic, teratogenic or carcinogenic reactions; avoid the systemic toxicity complications; assure satisfactory support and stability from mechanical properties point of view; hydrophilic nature of the surface properties and good interface with human bone; good handling in clinical condition and ability to be easy sterilized; and able to be supplied in sufficient quantities with reduced costs.
  • 389
  • 26 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Properties and Applications of Levan
Polysaccharides play a crucial role in medicine, pharmacy, and cosmetology, as well as in the production of biofuels and biomaterials. Among microbial biopolymers, microbial levan, a fructose polysaccharide, holds significant promise due to its high productivity and chemical diversity. Levan exhibits a wide range of properties, including film-forming ability, biodegradability, non-toxicity, self-aggregation, encapsulation, controlled release capacity, water retention, immunomodulatory and prebiotic activity, antimicrobial and anticancer activity, as well as high biocompatibility. These exceptional properties position levan as an attractive candidate for nature-based materials in food production, modern cosmetology, medicine, and pharmacy. 
  • 939
  • 26 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Lignocellulosic Bionanomaterials for Biosensor Applications
Lignocellulosic biomass is an attractive natural resource because of its abundance, renewability, recyclability, and low cost. The ever-increasing developments in nanotechnology have opened up new vistas in sensor fabrication such as biosensor design for electronics, communication, automobile, optical products, packaging, textile, biomedical, and tissue engineering. Due to their outstanding properties such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, improved electrical and thermal conductivity, high physical and mechanical properties, high surface area and catalytic activity, lignocellulosic bionanomaterials including nanocellulose and nanolignin emerge as very promising raw materials to be used in the development of high-impact biosensors.
  • 291
  • 26 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Silica/Epoxy Nanocomposites Through Sol-Gel Chemistry
The “extra-situ” and “in situ” sol-gel routes to the synthesis of silica/epoxy nanocomposites are discussed. Based on the reported results, the “in situ” strategy is expected to be applicable to produce nanocomposites of different compositions for both filler than matrix nature and with dispersed phases more complex than the one already obtained till today with this simple and eco-friendly strategy.
  • 417
  • 26 Jul 2023
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