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Topic Review
Porphyrin and Zn-Phtalocyanine as Optical-Sensor
In the detection of molecular species, optical sensing methods are very attractive. Planar Optical Waveguide (POWG) sensor represents an interesting system that consists of a waveguide layer, that usually is a potassium-ion-exchange glass substrate, and a sensor layer; the response of this sensor depends on the evanescent wave principle of laser light. The detection of the molecule is based on two important factors: the absorbance of the film, that is affected by the interaction with the analyte molecules and the change of the reflected light intensity from the POWG thin film that is related to the absorbance changes.
  • 527
  • 30 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Enriching WPCs and NFPCs with Carbon Nanomaterials
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene, with their unique mechanical, electrical, thermal, optical, and wettability properties, are very effective fillers for many types of composites. Recently, a number of studies have shown that CNTs and graphene may be integrated into wood–plastic composites (WPCs) and natural-fibre-reinforced polymer composites (NFPCs) to improve the existing performance of the WPCs/NFPCs as well as enabling their use in completely new areas of engineering. 
  • 527
  • 02 Mar 2022
Topic Review
METROFOOD-RI for Promoting Metrology in Food and Nutrition
The pan-European distributed Research Infrastructure for Promoting Metrology in Food and Nutrition (METROFOOD-RI) has evolved in the frame of the European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures (ESFRI) to promote high-quality metrology services across the food chain. The METROFOOD-RI comprises physical facilities and electronic facilities. The former includes Reference Material plants and analytical laboratories (the ‘Metro’ side) and also experimental fields/farms, processing/storage plants and kitchen-labs (the ‘Food’ side). 
  • 527
  • 21 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Solubility, Dissolution and Permeation Enhancement of Natural Compounds
Natural products are the major sources for drug development because of diversity in their structures. They are isolated molecules obtained from plants, minerals or animal resources and used for a variety of therapeutic purposes of human and animal diseases. Though the utilization of natural drugs is from ancient times, the drugs from natural sources still usually face drawbacks of numerous scientific evidences. Despite this, natural products present the major source of biologically active molecules and play a main role in novel drug discovery. Contrary to this, most natural products do not have characteristics of drugs and their pharmacological use is limited. Some of these characteristics lacking in natural products include low aqueous solubility, decreased dissolution rate, poor permeation and low absorption via biological membranes. The possible techniques for the dissolution/solubility and permeability improvements have been addressed which could enhance the dissolution and permeability up to several times.
  • 527
  • 17 Jun 2022
Topic Review
William Freer Bale
William Freer Bale (1911 – 28 June 1982), biophysicist and educator, held key positions in the Atomic Energy Project at the University of Rochester. Pioneer in the study of radon exposure to miners.
  • 527
  • 10 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Metal-Organic Frameworks for Water Remediation
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a highly mobile cancerogenic and teratogenic heavy metal ion. Among the varied technologies applied today to address chromium water pollution, photocatalysis offers a rapid reduction of Cr(VI) to the less toxic Cr(III). In contrast to classic photocatalysts, Metal-Organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous semiconductors that can couple the Cr(VI) to Cr(III) photoreduction to the chromium species immobilization. 
  • 527
  • 16 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Terpolymerization of CO2
The terpolymerization of CO2 with epoxides and organic anhydrides or cyclic esters offers the possibility, combining the ROCOP with ring-opening polymerization (ROP), to access a wide range of materials containing polycarbonate and polyester segments along the polymer chain, showing enhanced properties with respect to the simple APC. This review will cover the last advancements in the field, evidencing the crucial role of the catalytic system in determining the microstructural features of the final polymer.
  • 526
  • 27 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Artificial Super-Wettable Surfaces
Inspired by nature, significant research efforts have been made to discover the diverse range of biomaterials for various biomedical applications such as drug development, disease diagnosis, biomedical testing, therapy, etc. Polymers as bioinspired materials with extreme wettable properties, such as superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic surfaces, have received considerable interest in the past due to their multiple applications in anti-fogging, anti-icing, self-cleaning, oil–water separation, biosensing, and effective transportation of water. Apart from the numerous technological applications for extreme wetting and self-cleaning products, recently, super-wettable surfaces based on polymeric materials have also emerged as excellent candidates in studying biological processes. 
  • 526
  • 17 Jan 2022
Topic Review
NIRS in Wild Rodents’ Research
The near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) method proved to be a useful tool to determine the amount of a particular food ingredient in the diet from faeces or chyme and to estimate the food quality.
  • 526
  • 17 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Inhibitor-Enzyme Complexes for New Anti-TB Agents
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), is the most devastating human pathogen, as confirmed by the latest TB Report published in October.
  • 526
  • 23 Jan 2022
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