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Topic Review
Minimally Processed Fruits and Vegetables and One Health
While food markets and food production chains are experiencing exponential growth, global attention to food safety is steadily increasing. This is particularly crucial for ready-to-eat products such as fresh-cut salads and fruits, as these items are consumed raw without prior heat treatment, making the presence of pathogenic microorganisms quite frequent. Moreover, many studies on foodborne illnesses associated with these foods often overlook the transmission links from the initial contamination source.
  • 506
  • 15 Jan 2024
Topic Review
QoL of Cancer Patients Receiving Enteral Nutrition
Most studies supported the positive influence of enteral nutrition on the quality of life, either assessed based on the psychological measures of the quality of life or by considering the other potential determinants (e.g., malnutrition, complications, etc.). Taking this into account, enteral nutrition should be applied whenever possible, both to prevent and treat malnutrition in cancer patients. However, considering the limited number of studies conducted so far, further research conducted in homogenic populations of patients is necessary.
  • 506
  • 20 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Vitamin D on Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction with COPD
Skeletal muscle dysfunction is frequently associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is characterized by a permanent airflow limitation, with a worsening respiratory disorder during disease evolution. COPD is a progressive lung disease, characterized by an irreversible airflow limitation. In COPD, the pathophysiological changes related to the chronic inflammatory state affect oxidant–antioxidant balance, which is one of the main mechanisms accompanying extra-pulmonary comorbidity such as muscle wasting. Muscle impairment is characterized by alterations on muscle fiber architecture, contractile protein integrity, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Vitamin D deficiency affects oxidative stress and mitochondrial function influencing disease course through an effect on muscle function in COPD patients.
  • 506
  • 27 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Boamente
People at risk of suicide tend to be isolated and cannot share their thoughts. For this reason, suicidal ideation monitoring becomes a hard task. Therefore, people at risk of suicide need to be monitored in a manner capable of identifying if and when they have a suicidal ideation, enabling professionals to perform timely interventions. This entry aimed to develop the Boamente tool, a solution that collects textual data from users’ smartphones and identifies the existence of suicidal ideation.
  • 506
  • 15 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Virtual Exercise and Training
The global internet (Internet of Things, IoT) and innovative information and communication technologies (IT/ICT) are already ubiquitous in the social and individual lives of people. Among them, a very significant role is played by Extended Reality (XR) and its classic components such as Virtual (VR), Augmented (AR) and Mixed (MR) Reality. There are many indications that these modern technologies (XR, i.e., VR/AR/MR, and 3D printing/scanning, holography, artificial intelligence and machine learning, robotics or online (VR) tele-medicine) will be the basis and determinants of the organization and functioning of contemporary and future generations.
  • 506
  • 12 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Mitochondrial and Sperm Physiology
Besides ATP production, mitochondria are key organelles in several cellular functions, such as steroid hormone biosynthesis, calcium homoeostasis, intrinsic apoptotic pathway, and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Despite the loss of the majority of the cytoplasm occurring during spermiogenesis, mammalian sperm preserves a number of mitochondria that rearrange in a tubular structure at the level of the sperm flagellum midpiece. Although sperm mitochondria are destroyed inside the zygote, the integrity and the functionality of these organelles seem to be critical for fertilization and embryo development. 
  • 504
  • 01 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Nutrition and Food Literacy in the MENA Region
Improving food and nutrition literacy is fundamental to tackling the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region’s enormous challenges, including malnutrition and food insecurity. To direct initiatives, it is crucial to assess the region’s food and nutrition literacy. People in these countries mostly had inadequate food and/or nutrition literacy levels, especially in the skills rather than the cognitive domain. Food and/or nutrition literacy showed associations with food habits, food-label use, food-consumption patterns, school performance, food security, dietary diversity, and nutrient adequacy. The MENA countries developed no policies or programs to address food and nutrition literacy. 
  • 504
  • 02 Sep 2022
Biography
Wenliang Li
Wenliang Li, Manchu ethnic Chinese, was an ophthalmologist in Wuhan Central University. He reported the notice on the SARS-structured virus found in patients in the hospital and his advice for caution was soon spread on Chinese social media [1]. Although a member of the Communist Party of China, Wenliang Li was soon called on by the local police for admonition for "spreading rumors harmful to t
  • 504
  • 15 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Vaccine versus Variants
With the emergence and spread of new SARS-CoV-2 variants, concerns are raised about the effectiveness of the existing vaccines to protect against these new variants. Although many vaccines were found to be highly effective against the reference COVID-19 strain, the same level of protection may not be found against mutation strains. 
  • 504
  • 17 Nov 2021
Topic Review
The Molecular Hydrogen Hypothesis
Since the late 18th century, molecular hydrogen (H2) has been shown to be well tolerated, firstly in animals, and then in humans. However, although research into the beneficial effects of molecular hydrogen in both plant and mammalian physiology is gaining momentum, the idea of utilising this electrochemically neutral and non-polar diatomic compound for the benefit of health has yet to be widely accepted by regulatory bodies worldwide. Due to the precise mechanisms of H2 activity being as yet undefined, the lack of primary target identification, coupled with difficulties regarding administration methods (e.g., dosage and dosage frequencies, long-term effects of treatment, and the patient’s innate antioxidant profile), there is a requirement for H2 research to evidence how it can reasonably and most effectively be incorporated into medical practice.
  • 504
  • 28 Jan 2022
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