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All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Third-Generation Antipsychotics and Lurasidone in Substance-Induced Psychoses Treatment
Substance-induced psychosis (SIP) is a psychiatric condition triggered by substance misuse or withdrawal, characterized by unique features distinct from those of primary psychotic disorders. These distinctive features include a heightened prevalence of positive symptoms, such as hallucinations and delusions, in addition to a spectrum of mood and cognitive disturbances. 
  • 254
  • 28 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Hospital Processes
When thinking about a hospital, we can subdivide it into four main areas: Infrastructure, Outpatient and Emergency, Clinical and Surgical Inpatient, and Diagnosis and Treatment. For each of these areas, this entry can list several subareas and several important processes for providing hospital care.
  • 126
  • 28 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Symptom Burden in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the sixth leading cause of death in the United States in 2022 and the third leading cause of death in England and Wales in 2022, is associated with high symptom burden, particularly dyspnoea. Frailty is a complex clinical syndrome associated with an increased vulnerability to adverse health outcomes.
  • 224
  • 27 Feb 2024
Topic Review
AI and Radiomics in Bladder Cancer
The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) and radiomics in oncology marks a pivotal moment in the evolution of personalized medicine, particularly in the diagnosis and treatment of urological cancers such as bladder, kidney, and prostate cancer. These cutting-edge technologies are reshaping the foundations of cancer care, heralding a paradigm shift towards precision-driven methods. The diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer have been profoundly transformed by the recent advancements in AI and radiomics.
  • 128
  • 27 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Natural Products for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Treatment
Plants are an untapped natural resource; their secondary metabolites take part in a variety of pharmacological activities, making them an essential ingredient in the synthesis of novel medications and the source of reserve resources in this process. Hepatitis and liver cancer are two conditions that can result from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD is a condition that now affects a significant section of the global population. There is a need for preventative action on predisposing factors. Due to their effectiveness and few side effects, herbal medications are frequently utilized for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.
  • 128
  • 27 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Long Non-Coding RNAs in Heart Failure
Heart failure (HF) is a widespread cardiovascular condition that poses significant risks to a wide spectrum of age groups and leads to terminal illness. Although our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of HF has improved, the available treatments still remain inadequate. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as crucial players in cardiac function, showing possibilities as potential targets for HF therapy. These versatile molecules interact with chromatin, proteins, RNA, and DNA, influencing gene regulation.
  • 691
  • 27 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Prebiotics and on Their Health Effects
Prebiotic compounds were originally defined as “a nondigestible food ingredient that beneficially affects the host by selectively stimulating the growth and/or activity of one or a limited number of bacteria in the colon, and thus improves host health”; however, a significant modulation of the definition was carried out in the consensus panel of The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP), and the last definition states that “prebiotics are substrates that are selectively utilized by host microorganisms conferring a health benefit”. 
  • 265
  • 26 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Endocrine Disruptors in Cosmetic Products and Regulatory Framework
Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are molecules capable of mimicking the natural hormones of the body and interfering with the endocrine system in both humans and wildlife. Cosmetic products are one source of EDs; these include an extensive variety of personal care and beauty products designed for the skin and hair, as well as makeup. The widespread use of such products has raised concerns about the presence of EDs within them.
  • 152
  • 26 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Buildings’ Sustainability after COVID-19
The concept of sustainability, or sustainable development, was introduced in 1987 through the UN Brundtland Report, in which it is defined as "development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs". The link between COVID-19 and sustainability is made up of a variety of psycho-sociological and perceptual aspects, such as the fact that the occupancy pattern of buildings is one of the determining factors in assessing the energy performance and sustainability of buildings.
  • 339
  • 26 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Fitness Costs Antibiotic Resistance in the Gut
The acquisition of antibiotic resistance by horizontal gene transfer and by mutational changes in the chromosome or genes located in mobile genetic elements, followed by antibiotic resistance phenotype expression, implies modification of the cellular physiological status, including homeostatic adaptations of the previously susceptible cell.
  • 183
  • 26 Feb 2024
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