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Topic Review
Lindauer Psychotherapiewochen
The Lindauer Psychotherapiewochen (LP) are specialist conferences primarily intended as further training for doctors, psychologists, and child and youth psychotherapists, especially in psychodynamic psychotherapy. They have been held annually in April in Lindau since 1950. Since 1967, the conference has been organised by the Vereinigung für psychotherapeutische Fort- und Weiterbildung. The conferences' scientific directors are Cord Benecke (since 2020), Peter Henningsen (since 2011) and Dorothea Huber (since 2017).
  • 205
  • 12 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Limosilactobacillus Reuteri in Diverticulitis
The microbiota is the set of commensal microorganisms, residing in the organism, helping proper functioning of organs and systems. The role that the microbiota plays in maintaining the health of vertebrates is widely accepted, particularly in the gastrointestinal system, where it is fundamental for immunity, development, and conversion of nutrients. Dysbiosis is an alteration of the microbiota which refers to a disturbed balance, which can cause a number of pathologies. Probiotics have proven to be effective in modulating the microbiota of the gastrointestinal system and, therefore, in promoting the health of the individual. In particular, Lactobacilli are a group of Gram-positive bacteria, which are able to produce lactic acid through glucose metabolism. They are present in different microenvironments, ranging from the vagina, to the mouth, to different tracts of the small intestine.
  • 584
  • 20 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Leelamine
For the last couple of decades, natural products, either applied singly or in conjunction with other cancer therapies including chemotherapy and radiotherapy, have allowed us to combat different types of human cancers through the inhibition of their initiation and progression. The principal sources of these useful compounds are isolated from plants that were described in traditional medicines for their curative potential. Leelamine, derived from the bark of pine trees, was previously reported as having a weak agonistic effect on cannabinoid receptors and limited inhibitory effects on pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs). It has been reported to possess a strong lysosomotropic property; this feature enables its assembly inside the acidic compartments within a cell, such as lysosomes, which may eventually hinder endocytosis.
  • 710
  • 07 Jul 2021
Topic Review
LEAP Motion Technology and Psychology
Technological advancement is constantly evolving, and it is also developing in the mental health field. Various applications, often based on virtual reality, have been implemented to carry out psychological assessments and interventions, using innovative human–machine interaction systems. In this context, the LEAP Motion sensing technology has raised interest, since it allows for more natural interactions with digital contents, via an optical tracking of hand and finger movements. 
  • 840
  • 14 Sep 2021
Topic Review
LAs in Pain, Inflammation, and Other Clinical Conditions
The use of low-dose local anesthetics in low concentrations for therapeutic, non-anesthetic purposes, known as neural therapy, has significantly transformed patient care by providing rapid, effective, long-lasting and safe relief of pain, inflammation and other clinical conditions while minimizing recovery time. 
  • 271
  • 05 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Kynurenine Pathway of Tryptophan Metabolism
Migraine, the leading cause of disability in the population aged below 50, is frequently associated with functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders (FGIDs) such as functional nausea, cyclic vomiting syndrome, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Conversely, changes in intestinal GI transit may cause diarrhea or constipation and are a component of the autonomic symptoms associated with pre- and post-dorsal phases of migraine attack. 
  • 605
  • 28 Sep 2021
Topic Review
KRAS in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
In NSCLC (Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer), KRAS (Kirsten Rat sarcoma virus) mutations occur in up to 30% of all cases, most frequently at codon 12 and 13. KRAS mutations have been linked to adenocarcinoma histology, positive smoking history, and Caucasian ethnicity, although differences have been described across KRAS mutational variants subtypes. KRAS mutations often concur with other molecular alterations, notably TP53, STK11, and KEAP1, which could play an important role in treatment efficacy and patient outcomes.
  • 595
  • 02 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Kinesio Taping for Athletes with Chronic Ankle Instability
Ankle injuries are the most common type of injury in healthy active individuals. If not treated properly, recurrent sprains can lead to a condition of chronic ankle instability (CAI). Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is the process caused by repetitive ankle sprains and multiple episodes of the ankle “giving way” with persistent symptoms. It mainly affects the sports population and is related to multiple inversion injuries.
  • 361
  • 20 May 2022
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Kidney Issues Associated with COVID-19 Disease
Infection with SARS-CoV-2 and the resulting COVID-19 can cause both lung and kidney damage. SARS-CoV-2 can directly infect renal cells expressing ACE2 receptors, resulting in kidney damage, and acute kidney injury (AKI) has been reported in COVID-19 hospitalized patients. The pathophysiology of COVID-19-associated AKI is multifactorial. Local and systemic inflammation, immune system dysregulation, blood coagulation disorders, and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) are factors that contribute to the development of AKI in COVID 19 disease. COVID-19 patients with kidney involvement have a poor prognosis, and patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) infected with SARS-CoV-2 have an increased mortality risk. CKD patients with COVID-19 may develop end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring dialysis. In particular, patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and requiring dialysis, as well as patients who have undergone kidney transplantation, have an increased risk of mortality and require special consideration. Nephrologists and infectious disease specialists face several clinical dilemmas in the prophylaxis and treatment of CKD patients with COVID-19. This entry presents recent data showing the effects of COVID-19 on the kidneys and CKD patients and the challenges in the management of CKD patients with COVID-19, and discusses treatment strategies for these patients.
  • 532
  • 05 Sep 2023
Topic Review
JDP2 in Cardiac Disease
Heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are two major life-threatening diseases worldwide. Causes and mechanisms are incompletely understood, yet current therapies are unable to stop disease progression. In our study, we focus on the contribution of the transcriptional modulator, Jun dimerization protein 2 (JDP2), and on HF and AF development. In recent years, JDP2 has been identified as a potential prognostic marker for HF development after myocardial infarction. This close correlation to the disease development suggests that JDP2 may be involved in initiation and progression of HF as well as in cardiac dysfunction.
  • 596
  • 28 Apr 2021
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