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All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
High-Power Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Olive Oils
All the examined works reported an increase in oil yield and extractability index through the use of high-power ultrasound(HPU), which was ascribed to reduced paste viscosity and cavitation-driven cell disruption. Olive oil legal quality was generally not affected; on the other hand, results regarding oil chemical composition were conflicting with some studies reporting an increase of phenols, tocopherols, and volatile compounds, while others underlined no significant effects to even slight reductions after HPU treatment. Regarding the acceptability of oils extracted through HPU processing, consumer perception is not negatively affected, as long as the marketer effectively delivers information about the positive effects of ultrasound on oil quality and sensory aspect. 
  • 405
  • 25 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Remediating Endocrine-Disrupting Compounds
Over the years, the persistent occurrence of superfluous endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) (sub µg L−1) in water has led to serious health disorders in human and aquatic lives, as well as undermined the water quality. At present, there are no generally accepted regulatory discharge limits for the EDCs to avert their possible negative impacts. Moreover, the conventional treatment processes have reportedly failed to remove the persistent EDC pollutants, and this has led researchers to develop alternative treatment methods. Comprehensive information on the recent advances in the existing novel treatment processes and their peculiar limitations is still lacking. In this regard, the various treatment methods for the removal of EDCs are critically studied and reported in this entry.
  • 610
  • 23 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Ejectors
Ejectors are broadly of two types based on geometric construction, constant area mixing (CAM) and constant pressure mixing (CPM). Eamesproposed a new design with constant rate of momentum change, which has the advantage of both CAM and CPM. Computational and experimental studies show better overall performance of ejectors with increases in critical condensing temperatures and higher entrainment ratios.
  • 3.7K
  • 19 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Microtransfer Printing Methods
In recent years, with the rapid development of the flexible electronics industry, there is an urgent need for a large-area, multilayer, and high-production integrated manufacturing technology for scalable and flexible electronic products. To solve this technical demand, researchers have proposed and developed microtransfer printing technology, which picks up and prints inks in various material forms from the donor substrate to the target substrate, successfully realizing the integrated manufacturing of flexible electronic products.
  • 955
  • 18 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Sustainability Dimensions in the Food Supply Chain
Nowadays, the world is facing numerous sustainability challenges and the modern food system is called to innovate processes or products in order to remain competitive within the market, as well as answering to strategic government guidelines for a more sustainable food supply chain.
  • 634
  • 12 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Application of CFD to Food 3D Printing
CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) is one of the computer simulation methods used to characterize fluid flow behavior under certain geometries with boundary conditions. The criterion for its performance is how well numerical simulation outcomes align with experimental results conducted under specific conditions, and how well simulations can predict extremely complicated processes that cannot be analyzed in the real world. CFD has gained recognition as an emerging science around the world, particularly since the late 2000s when there was a significant increase in the development and application of CFD to all areas related to fluid behaviors associated with momentum, heat, and mass transfer.
  • 907
  • 12 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Pigs’ Physico-Temporal Activities
Animals exhibit their internal and external stimuli through changing behavior. Therefore, people intrinsically used animal physical activities as an indicator to determine their health and welfare status.
  • 563
  • 12 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Urban Greenery as a Complex System
A complex system is an open system in a state of dynamic equilibrium. It can also be described as a network connecting the various elements that constitute the system itself. The Urban Green System (UGS) is one such complex system. In this regard, its first characteristic is that it can be described as a network of green elements (areas, linear infrastructures, points) with variable rules governing the connections linked to their main functions in the urban context. Furthermore, it is an open system that exhibits dynamic relationships with all of the other components of the city.
  • 440
  • 10 Nov 2021
Topic Review
3D Printed Electromagnetic Vibration Harvesters
Energy harvesting is the utilisation of ambient energy in order to power electronics such as wireless sensor nodes (WSN) or wearables without the need of batteries. This allows to operate the node over a much longer time period compared to battery-powered devices along with lower maintenance efforts. Furthermore, the low-maintenance requirements allow to operate these WSNs in environments with limited or no accessibility.
  • 1.2K
  • 05 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Protein conformational changes induced by Pulsed electric fields
Pulsed power is the technology of accumulating energy during a relatively long period of time and of releasing the accumulated energy in an extremely short period of time as a high-power pulse composed of a high voltage and a large current but moderately low energy. The food processing applications of pulsed power technologies, such as intense pulsed electric fields and time-modulated discharge plasmas, have been studied worldwide. Pulsed electric fields (PEFs), which are generated by pulsed power technologies, are being tested for their applicability in food processing through protein conformational change and the poration of cell membranes.
  • 641
  • 03 Nov 2021
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