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Topic Review Video
Dipteryx oleifera Benth
Dipteryx oleifera Benth., a member of the Fabaceae family, is an emergent, evergreen tree found primarily in the tropical rainforests of Central and South America. Known for its ecological importance, D. oleifera plays a vital role in the stability and biodiversity of its native forests. The tree produces large seeds that serve as a primary food source for various animal species, contributing to its role as a keystone species.
  • 83
  • 17 Apr 2025
Topic Review
Fennec Fox
The Fennec Fox (Vulpes zerda) is a small, desert-dwelling fox species known for its distinctive large ears, which serve to dissipate heat and detect prey underground. Native to the arid regions of North Africa, particularly the Sahara Desert, the Fennec Fox is supremely adapted to its harsh environment, with specialized physiological and behavioral traits that enable survival in extreme conditions. Despite its diminutive size, the Fennec Fox is a highly efficient predator, preying on insects, small mammals, and birds, and its charming appearance has made it a popular subject of fascination and conservation efforts worldwide
  • 3.2K
  • 14 Apr 2025
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Field Guide: Morphometric Visualization and Characterization of Selected Foodborne Pathogens Using Advanced Imaging Techniques
This paper aims to present the phenotypic characteristics, such as length, width, circular diameter, volume, surface area to cross-sectional area ratio, surface uniformity, and surface texture, of the foodborne pathogens Salmonella enterica serovar Agona, Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, Listeria monocytogenes, and Campylobacter jejuni. It is a novel “field-guide” presentation of the observable morphological characteristics of these four species in the form of a Dichotomous Key. Phenotypic values of the pathogens were measured using a high-accuracy, nano-level-resolution 3D laser confocal scanning microscope. All samples were fixed with glutaraldehyde and stained with methylene blue, ensuring morphological preservation. The images of the pathogens were captured under various imaging modes, including 3D, laser, and transmission electron microscopy resolutions. Results show that these pathogens exhibit distinct morphological and surface properties, with Campylobacter jejuni showing unique features. The dichotomous key shows a simplified way of classifying selected foodborne pathogens from their morphometric properties. The morphometric measurements, in many instances first reported in the literature, and images provide a readily observable way to identify and classify microorganisms, allowing researchers to potentially study evolutionary relationships, assess species diversity, and understand how organisms interact with their environment, especially when genetic information is limited or difficult to obtain.
  • 119
  • 09 Apr 2025
Topic Review
A Mysterious Health Crisis in Aswan Governorate, Southern Egypt, September 2024
In September 2024, the Egyptian Health Ministry declared an Escherichia coli (E. coli) outbreak in the southern province of Aswan. The spread of an ambiguous illness erupted in the village of Abu Al-Rish Bahri, 20 kilometers north of Aswan, with hundreds of citizens arriving at the governorate’s local hospitals suffering from severe gastrointestinal infections. The authorities, however, did not trace the outbreak’s most common source nor determine whether it was food- or water-borne. The official explanations for the frequent cases and the reported fatalities were inconclusive. There was an evident lack of comprehensive documentation on the extent of the infection, the exposed population, the prevalence pattern of the pathogen, or the retrieved E. coli isolates. In addition, the Egyptian government denied any possible association between the contamination of drinking water and the recent Aswan crisis. Challenging the official narrative, this article proposes a scientific report based on featuring the status of E. coli infection in Egypt, highlighting the gaps in the announced outbreak claims and adapting water pollution as an alarming hypothesis for the peculiar Aswan disease.
  • 543
  • 31 Mar 2025
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Influence of Starch on the Rheological, Textural, and Microstructural Properties of Processed and Analogue Cheeses
Processed cheese (PC) is a widely consumed dairy product and has undergone significant evolution over time, leading to various formulations aimed at enhancing texture and functionality. This review addresses the role of starch addition on PC, focusing on starch interactions with milk proteins and understanding its influence on the rheological properties, microstructure, and overall quality of PC. Our key findings indicate that starch serves as a cost-effective ingredient that can replace or supplement dairy components, improving texture and water-binding capacity while reducing formulation costs. Generally, starches containing a higher amylose content are associated with the increased hardness and decreased meltability of PC. The insights provided in this review underscore the importance of understanding starch–milk component interactions to optimize PC formulations, paving the way for future research and innovation.
  • 191
  • 27 Mar 2025
Biography
Tuğba Kök Taş
Dr. Tuğba Kök Taş is an Professor at Süleyman Demirel University, specializing in functional food products, food microbiology, and fermentation technology. She has an extensive academic and research background in probiotic and postbiotic formulations, dairy fermentation processes, and microbial interactions in food systems. Her work significantly contributes to the understanding of how ferme
  • 60
  • 19 Mar 2025
Topic Review Video
Woolly Mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius)
The woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) was a large, elephant-like mammal that lived during the Ice Age. It belonged to the family Elephantidae, which includes modern elephants. It was characterized by its long, curved tusks, thick fur, and adaptations to extremely cold climates. The woolly mammoth was one of the last surviving members of the Mammuthus genus and played a significant role in Pleistocene ecosystems. Its extinction around 4,000 years ago was due to a combination of climate change and human activity.
  • 465
  • 19 Mar 2025
Topic Review
Doodle Jump: The Addictive Classic Game
Doodle Jump is a fast-paced, addictive mobile game where players guide a small creature through an endless series of platforms. With easy tilt controls and progressively challenging levels, it offers a fun, casual gaming experience for all ages.        
  • 99
  • 18 Mar 2025
Biography
Bahá'u'lláh
Bahá'u'lláh (Arabic: بهاء الله; 12 November 1817 – 29 May 1892), was a Persian religious leader and the founder of the Bahá'í Faith, which advocates universal peace and unity among all races, nations, and religions. At the age of 27, Bahá'u'lláh became a follower of the Báb, a Persian merchant who began preaching that God would soon send a new prophet similar to Jesus or Muham
  • 3.2K
  • 16 Mar 2025
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Bioactive Compounds from Eruca sativa Seeds
Eruca sativa Miller (Brassicaceae) is an insect-pollinated diploid annual species which grows spontaneously in the entire Mediterranean basin from semi-arid to arid-hot conditions and is cultivated in Northern America, Europe, and Asia as either salad or oilseed crop. Here, some essential background was provided on this versatile crop, summarizing the present status of Eruca sativa research focusing on the wealth of bioactive ingredients in its seeds, which may find exploitation in agriculture, in the food industries and as nutraceuticals for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Fatty acids of Eruca sativa seed oil, gums, glucosinolates and soluble and insoluble phenol and flavonoid fractions in the defatted press cake are the main bioactive compounds considered to date by the scientific literature and that deserve attention for their physical and biological activities. 
  • 1.8K
  • 13 Mar 2025
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