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Topic Review
黄芩苷在炎症性疾病中的药理功效
黄芩苷是在黄芩属黄芩（SBG）的干根中发现的最丰富的类黄酮之一。虽然黄芩苷被证明具有抗炎、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗惊厥、抗氧化、保肝和神经保护作用，但其低亲水性和亲脂性限制了生物利用度和药理功能。因此，对黄芩苷的生物利用度和药代动力学的深入研究，有助于为疾病治疗的应用研究奠定理论基础。
  • 7
  • 04 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Application of Nanocellulose-Based Aerogels in BTE
基于生物学和工程学原理的骨组织工程（BTE）已被广泛用于构建修复和改善骨骼功能的替代品。骨骼是一种高度矿化、血管化和结缔的组织，具有显着的机械强度，可提供断裂韧性和承重能力以保护内脏器官。理想的骨骼替代品应模仿天然骨组织的微观结构，并为骨再生和组织修复提供生物环境。此外，杂化纳米纤维素气凝胶的设计和制备应充分了解天然骨组织的结构和组成。
  • 9
  • 03 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Targeting N-Linked Glycosylation Pathways for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication that affects approximately 10% of pregnant women worldwide. While current treatments for GDM focus on managing blood glucose levels through diet, exercise, and medication, there is a need for new therapeutic strategies that can target the underlying molecular mechanisms of the disease. Recent research has shown that alterations in N-linked glycosylation pathways may play a role in the development of GDM. In this study, we used both the STRING and KEGG pathway databases to analyze protein-protein interactions and pathways involved in N-linked glycosylation. Our analysis identified several potential therapeutic targets for GDM, including fructosyltransferase 8 (FUT8) and N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III), which have been shown to improve insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in animal models of diabetes. Targeting N-linked glycosylation pathways may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for GDM, and further research is needed to explore the potential of this approach.
  • 13
  • 03 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Biogenesis and Expression at PMs of GPI-APs
GPI-APs are produced by coupling of the completed GPI anchor, prefabricated by stepwise transfer from activated precursors of the corresponding carbohydrate and EtN-P residues to PI at the luminal face of the ER membranes, to the carboxy-terminus of the polypeptide precursor moiety upon its translation and transient arrest at the ER membranes.
  • 15
  • 03 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Mast Cells and Vitamin D Status
The immune system is made up by an extremely composite group of cells, whose regulated and harmonious activity is fundamental to maintain health. The mast cells are an essential effector of inflammatory response which is characterized by a massive release of mediators accumulated in cytoplasmic secretory granules. However, beyond the effects on immune response, mast cells can modify bone metabolism and are capable of intervening in the genesis of pathologies such as osteoporosis and osteopenia. Vitamin D is recognized to induce changes in bone metabolism, but it is also able to influence immune response, suppressing mast cell activation and IgE synthesis from B cells and increasing the number of dendritic cells and IL-10-generating regulatory T cells. 
  • 16
  • 02 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Sex-Related Differences in Neurodegeneration
Sex hormones and genes on the sex chromosomes are not only key factors in the regulation of sexual differentiation and reproduction but they are also deeply involved in brain homeostasis. Their action is crucial for the development of the brain, which presents different characteristics depending on the sex of individuals. The role of these players in the brain is fundamental in the maintenance of brain function during adulthood as well, thus being important also with respect to age-related neurodegenerative diseases. 
  • 13
  • 02 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Regulation of Membrane Fluidity in Cold Environments
Temperature changes and periods of detrimental cold occur frequently for many organisms in their natural habitats. Homeothermic animals have evolved metabolic adaptation strategies to increase mitochondrial-based energy expenditure and heat production, largely relying on fat as a fuel source. Alternatively, certain species are able to repress their metabolism during cold periods and enter a state of decreased physiological activity known as torpor. By contrast, poikilotherms, which are unable to maintain their internal temperature, predominantly increase membrane fluidity to diminish cold-related damage from low-temperature stress.
  • 11
  • 02 Jun 2023
Topic Review
SMIFH2 Targets
The discovery of small molecule inhibitor of formin homology 2 domains (SMIFH2) has provided a unique tool to explore formins’ functions from the molecular to the organismal scales. Due to the important pathophysiological roles of formins in eukaryotes, SMIFH2 has been widely used.
  • 12
  • 02 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Bioresources Use in Organic Farming
Over the years, the practice of agriculture has transformed from the era of traditional to that of intensive agriculture in the bid to boost the production index that will satisfy the food needs of the globally growing population. However, the continuous and exaggerated use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has resulted in major adverse impacts on food and environmental safety, whereas most traditional techniques for the reclamation of natural soil nutrients, including shifting cultivation and polyculture, are no longer attractive measures of land rejuvenation. There is, therefore, the need for urgent evaluation and adoption of innovative methods of replenishing the agricultural soils that conform to the current agricultural systems without exerting undesirable effects on the ecosystem. We elucidated the use of key bioresources, such as organic fertilizers, biofertilizers, and biopesticides, as alternatives to chemical-based products in attaining a safe and sustainable agricultural system. Bioresources are naturally available, safe, and easily accessible products. The potential of these biological products in fostering soil microbial growth, plants’ productivity, and induced host immunity to diseases, alongside the promotion of healthy soil–microbe–plant relationships and preservation of the ecosystem processes without disruption, are aspects that were also explored. Therefore, the productive use of bioresources is considered strategic as it pertains to attaining safe and sustainable food production. 
  • 45
  • 02 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Climate Change Risk Indicator
Climate change has threatened the infrastructure, operation, policymaking, and other pivotal aspects of transport systems with the accelerating pace of extreme weather events.
  • 17
  • 02 Jun 2023
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