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Topic Review
Microwave Resonators for Wearable Sensors Design
The field of flexible electronics is undergoing an exponential evolution due to the demand of the industry for wearable devices, wireless communication devices and networks, healthcare sensing devices and the technology around the Internet of Things (IoT) framework. E-textiles are attracting attention within the healthcare areas, amongst others, for providing the possibility of developing continuous patient monitoring solutions and customized devices to accommodate each patient’s specific needs. 
  • 577
  • 29 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Time Optimization of Drones Using an Augmented Path
With the pandemic gripping the entire humanity and with uncertainty hovering like a black cloud over all our future sustainability and growth, it became almost apparent that though the development and advancement are at their peak, we are still not ready for the worst. New and better solutions need to be applied so that we will be capable of fighting these conditions. One such prospect is delivery, where everything has to be changed, and each parcel, which was passed people to people, department to department, has to be made contactless throughout with as little error as possible. Thus, the prospect of drone delivery and its importance came around with optimization of the existing system for making it useful in the prospects of delivery of important items like medicines, vaccines, etc. These modular AI-guided drones are faster, efficient, less expensive, and less power-consuming than the actual delivery. 
  • 571
  • 10 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Building Management Systems and Operation
Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have become a cornerstone in efficiently managing building energy management systems (BEMSs) as they offer advanced capabilities for prediction, control, and optimization. 
  • 563
  • 02 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Engineering Systems Modeling
The development of an accurate dynamic model is crucial for the purpose of optimization, control, fault diagnosis, and prognosis. There are three main modeling approaches for dynamic systems: the physics-based approach, the data-driven approach, and the hybrid approach. In the physics-based approach, the governing equations of a system are formulated from conservation laws, and they are solved analytically or numerically, while the data-driven approach uses a combination of data and learning techniques to find out the input-output relations of a given system. Hybrid modeling encompasses the integration of physics-based and data-driven modeling approaches, aiming to comprehensively represent system intricacies and mitigate potential limitations associated with each individual approach. In this contribution, the key concepts to consider in modeling engineering systems are briefly discussed.
  • 562
  • 15 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Hierarchical Understanding in Robotic Manipulation
In the quest for intelligent robots, it is essential to enable them to understand tasks beyond mere manipulation. Achieving this requires a robust parsing mode that can be used to understand human cognition and semantics.
  • 552
  • 31 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Artificial Intelligence in Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient Diagnosis
Portal hypertension is a complex medical condition characterized by elevated blood pressure in the portal venous system. The conventional diagnosis of such disease often involves invasive procedures such as liver biopsy, endoscopy, or imaging techniques with contrast agents, which can be uncomfortable for patients and carry inherent risks. Deep neural networks can serve as useful auxiliary diagnostic tools, aiding healthcare professionals in making timely and accurate decisions for patients suspected of having portal hypertension.
  • 537
  • 24 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Contactless Identification Card Immunity against a Current Pulse
Contactless identification cards based on RFID technology are currently an integral part of many human activities in industry, transport, trade, etc. The most used cards are contactless cards operating at 13.56 MHz, according to the ISO/IEC 14443 standard, and using some version of the NXP Mifare chip.
  • 535
  • 22 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Optimizing Energy Consumption in UAV-Assisted IoT Networks
Quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have emerged as ubiquitous and agile robots and data carriers within the framework of the future Internet of Things (IoT) and mobile wireless networks. Yet, the insufficient onboard battery necessitates the optimization of energy consumption for both the UAV and IoT devices while ensuring that communication requirements are met.
  • 532
  • 14 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Influences on Driving Style Preferences in Automated Driving
Automated driving is a rapidly evolving technology with the aim to revolutionize transportation by eliminating the need for human drivers. The predicted potentials of automated driving include increased driving comfort and safety, traffic flow optimization, reduced emissions, and enhanced mobility for people with disabilities or limited access to transportation. With automated driving, humans change their role from an active driver to that of a passenger, raising the question of how users prefer to be driven in the future when they are no longer driving themselves.
  • 530
  • 24 Aug 2023
Topic Review
An Algorithm for Personalizing SSVEP-Based Brain-Computer Interfaces
Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) based on steady-state visually evoked potentials (SSVEPs) are inexpensive and do not require user training. Researchers herein describe how the light frequency could be selected individually. In particular, this is done via the proposed discomfort index, determined by the ratio of theta and beta rhythms in the EEG signal.
  • 519
  • 14 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Augmented Reality Based Distant Maintenance Approach
Augmented Reality (AR) is a technology that overlays virtual objects onto the real world, enabling operators to visualize and interact with virtual objects in real-time.
  • 517
  • 03 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Genetic Algorithm for the Recovery System of USVs
Compared to other vessels, the unmanned surface vehicle (USV) has the advantage of being smaller and operating more agilely, requiring only sufficient space for the relevant sensors and auxiliary navigation devices to make sure the vehicle functions properly. Moreover, the USV can be applied in extreme conditions independently, such as strong waves, tides, and radiation leaks, by means of a predefined system or remote control by professionals.
  • 502
  • 12 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Geometric Primitive-Guided UAV Path Planning
Image-based refined 3D reconstruction relies on high-resolution and multi-angle images of scenes. The assistance of multi-rotor drones and gimbal provides great convenience for image acquisition.
  • 496
  • 02 Jun 2023
Topic Review
The Concept of a Dual-Core PLC
IEC 61131-3-compliant engineering environments consist of IDE (integrated development environment) with language editors, compiler of source programs into binary code, and runtime for execution of the code. In a dual-core PLC proposed here, the cores run different projects cooperating by shared memory.
  • 478
  • 30 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Definition of Autonomous Cycles for the Agroindustrial Sector
One of the great current challenges of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is to dynamically innovate to improve their supply of goods, products, and services in order to respond to the changing needs of the market. In particular, several studies have concluded that investment in innovation has a high impact on the competitiveness of organizations, which can lead to the introduction of new products and processes. Thus, innovation is a means for companies to adapt to remain in the market, considering available resources.
  • 445
  • 20 Feb 2024
Topic Review
The Evolution of Motorsports and Smart Consumer Choices
Motorsports have always held a unique place in global culture, combining speed, engineering, and human endurance into spectacles that capture the imagination of millions. From the roar of motorcycles on open tracks to the precision of Formula racing, motorsports symbolize both technological innovation and personal ambition. Enthusiasts view these events not only as entertainment but as a celebration of human ingenuity and the pursuit of excellence.
  • 410
  • 09 Sep 2025
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Smart Fasteners and Washers for Preload and Loosening Detection: A Systematic Review of Sensing Technologies
This systematic review investigates the state of the art of smart fasteners and smart washers. The collected documents were systematically classified, focusing on fasteners and washers equipped with embedded sensors capable of detecting flaws, corrosion, cracks, or monitoring features like structural response, applied load, and preload. The review emphasizes sensor technologies rather than devices made from smart materials. A total of 148 documents were found through electronic databases, of which 32 were thoroughly analyzed and categorized into 5 categories depending on the sensing capabilities, actuating capabilities, ability to transmit data, and their combinations. The analysis showed that most devices incorporate piezoelectric materials as sensing or actuation elements, primarily aimed at detecting fastener loosening or monitoring preload and load in fastened joints. Despite progress, several challenges limit industrial adoption, including sensor integration affecting bolt integrity, durability and calibration issues, and high costs. Few studies address scalability or measurement performance, highlighting the need for reliable, low-cost, and industrially scalable solutions.
  • 16
  • 20 Nov 2025
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