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Topic Review
Internet of Things Architectures and Applications
The Internet of Things (IoT) has changed the worldwide network of people, smart devices, intelligent things, data, and information as an emergent technology. IoT development is still in its early stages, and numerous interrelated challenges must be addressed. IoT is the unifying idea of embedding everything. The Internet of Things offers a huge opportunity to improve the world’s accessibility, integrity, availability, scalability, confidentiality, and interoperability. However, securing the Internet of Things is a difficult issue. The IoT aims to connect almost everything within the framework of a common infrastructure. This helps in controlling devices and, will allow device status to be updated everywhere and at any time. To develop technology via IoT, several critical scientific studies and inquiries have been carried out. However, many obstacles and problems remain to be tackled in order to reach IoT’s maximum potential. 
  • 4.8K
  • 18 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Carbon-Based Quantum Dots for Supercapacitors
Carbon-based Quantum dots (C-QDs) are carbon-based materials that experience the quantum confinement effect, which results in superior optoelectronic properties. In recent years, C-QDs have attracted attention significantly and have shown great application potential as a high-performance supercapacitor device. C-QDs (either as a bare electrode or composite) give a new way to boost supercapacitor performances in higher specific capacitance, high energy density, and good durability. This review comprehensively summarizes the up-to-date progress in C-QD applications either in a bare condition or as a composite with other materials for supercapacitors. The current state of the three distinct C-QD families used for supercapacitors including carbon quantum dots, carbon dots, and graphene quantum dots is highlighted. 
  • 4.8K
  • 28 Sep 2021
Topic Review
TCV and TGV Technology
Through ceramic via (TCV) technology expands the volume of high-precision and high-power thin-film circuits with 3D planar distribution, significantly improves the structural density and reduces the device size through via interconnection and circuit redistribution. Through glass via (TGV) technology has the advantages of high-density interconnection and low-loss transmission, which forms a highly reliable interconnection between the chip and the substrate, has higher I/O density and smaller spacing, and realizes passive on-chip devices, high-density copper interconnection and the heterogeneous integration of chips. Therefore, 3D integration and system-level packaging technology have developed rapidly.
  • 4.8K
  • 26 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Meo (Telecommunication Service)
MEO is a mobile and fixed telecommunications service and brand from Altice Portugal (formerly Portugal Telecom), managed by MEO - Serviços de Comunicações e Multimédia. The service was piloted in Lisbon in 2006 and was later extended to Porto and Castelo Branco.
  • 4.7K
  • 03 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Visible Light Communication
Visible Light Communication (VLC) technology is an emerging technology using visible light modulation that, in the modern world, will mainly facilitate high-speed internet connectivity. VLC technology employs visible light for communication to facilitate high-speed internet connectivity exclusively in the indoor environment. This particular report will tell about some potential applications of VLC and the implementation of LEDs and some of the factors affecting the modulation bandwidth of LEDs for the VLC application.
  • 4.7K
  • 11 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Development Progress of TOPCon Solar Cells
In addition to the different technologies of silicon solar cells in crystalline form, TOPCon solar cells have an exceptionally great efficiency of 26%, accomplished by the manufacturing scale technique for industrialization, and have inordinate cell values of 732.3 mV open-circuit voltage (Voc) and a fill factor (FF) of 84.3%. A silicon layer doped with phosphorus and a very thin tunnel oxide form TOPCon. The thickness of tunnel oxide, which is less than 2 nm in the TOPCon cell, primarily affects the electrical properties and efficiency of the cell. 
  • 4.7K
  • 21 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Hybrid Circuit Breaker
One of the hurdles in the LVDC distribution system is arc flash at the contact points that occurs during the circuit is opening. Unlike alternating current, direct current has no zero points and sustains constantly.  Through 400V class LVDC cutoff test, the operation of the proposed hybrid circuit breaker is verified and the characteristics are analyzed. 
  • 4.6K
  • 24 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Battery Charging Techniques for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are intended to be controlled remotely, either through predefined trajectories or through a radio controller. UAVs are now essential components in both civilian and military applications. UAVs, on the other hand, are energy-hungry devices that deplete batteries within minutes of operation. Due to limited battery capacity, UAVs have short flight times.
  • 4.6K
  • 08 Jul 2022
Topic Review
MIMO Antennas for 5G and 6G Wireless Systems
Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas are getting more attention in modern high-speed communication systems and play an essential part in the current generation of wireless technology. Portable devices, automobiles, handheld gadgets, smart phones, wireless sensors, radio frequency identification and other applications use MIMO antenna systems. 
  • 4.6K
  • 27 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Wire Harness Manufacturing Processes
The automotive industry is one of the most important economic sectors in the world. At the beginning, vehicles only had mechanical components, so the use of an automotive wire harness was not indispensable. Cars today are equipped with electronic components that, in addition to the basic operations of moving, turning, and stopping, perform more and more functions every day. Wiring harnesses are indispensable for controlling these electronic components.
  • 4.6K
  • 30 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Modern Power Systems
Modern power systems include various technological innovations such as distributed renewable energy sources, energy storage devices, electric vehicle charging stations and advanced communication systems. Since many of these components are owned and managed by private entities, the planning and management of modern power systems is gradually changing, and is becoming a great challenge for utility companies and regulators. 
  • 4.5K
  • 16 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Layer-Scale Transfer Techniques
Layer transfer is a technique to transfer a layer of a particular semiconductor material, often of a wafer-scale size, from the original substrate to the target substrate of interest.
  • 4.5K
  • 26 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Power Electronics for Distributed Generation
Power electronics is formed by technologies that, through advanced controls of semiconductor devices, efficiently convert electrical energy for appropriate use in many areas. Distributed generation (DG), mainly renewable energy, is a group of power sources that can be installed in distinct points of the power system or be isolated, such as: wind power, photovoltaic systems, fuel cells, small hydro, and microturbines. Power converters are a crucial technology for the integration of DG into the modern sustainable power system, including microgrids and smart grids structures. They allow correct adaptation, but also enable DG units to fully realize their potential benefits in their wide variety of configurations.
  • 4.4K
  • 23 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Power Electronics for EV Charging Stations
This paper proposes a design for the Bidirectional electric vehicle charger which is capable of doing both the Grid to Vehicle and Vehicle to Grid power transfer, and the interaction will be made through an automatic smart energy management system(EMS). A simple power electronics topology is used. The user can adjust the output of this charger by using the control signal provided by the controller. The simulation result obtained shows that it has an interaction between the charger and an Energy Management System(EMS) in a residence
  • 4.4K
  • 13 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Virtual Power Plant Optimization in Smart Grids
Virtual power plants (VPPs) are promising solutions to address the decarbonization and energy efficiency goals in the smart energy grid. They assume the coordination of local energy resources such as energy generation, storage, and consumption. They are used to tackle problems brought by the stochastic nature of renewable energy, lack of energy storage devices, or insufficient local energy flexibility on the demand side. VPP modeling, management, and optimization are open to research problems that should consider, on one side, the local constraints in the operation of the energy resources and power flows and the energy grid’s sustainability objectives on the other side. There are multiple goals to create a VPP, such as to deliver energy services on a market or to the grid operator, to operate a microgrid in autonomy decoupled from the main grid, or to sustain local energy communities. 
  • 4.4K
  • 27 May 2022
Topic Review
Microgrids Configurations and Topologies
Microgrids have been proposed as a solution to the growing deterioration of traditional electrical power systems and the energy transition towards renewable sources. During the design of an microgrid (MG), the components and physical arrangement must be considered to achieve a proper transition between the different modes of operation. The connection of the loads, the microgenerators, and the storage elements, require rigorous analysis to obtain the operation and the desired efficiency by the network operator and the user. The way to interconnect all the elements of the network is known as MG topology.
  • 4.3K
  • 19 Apr 2022
Topic Review
List of Intel Celeron Microprocessors
The Celeron is a family of microprocessors from Intel targeted at the low-end consumer market. CPUs in the Celeron brand have used designs from sixth- to eighth-generation CPU microarchitectures.
  • 4.3K
  • 06 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Active Front-End Rectifiers in EV DC Charging Applications
Active Front-End (AFE) rectifiers have regained momentum as the demand for highpower Electric Vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure increases exponentially. AFE rectifiers have high efficiency and reliability, and they minimize the disturbances that could be generated due to the operation of the EV charging systems by reducing harmonic distortion and operating close to the Unity Power Factor (UPF).
  • 4.3K
  • 05 May 2023
Topic Review
Electromyography
Electromyography (EMG) is a bioelectrical signal to assess electrical activity produced by skeletal muscles. In the study of muscle fatigue, the electrophysiological measurement of muscles play a crucial role in collecting electrical signals from skeletal muscles. Since EMG signals usually contain a certain amount of noise, it is essential to obtain high quality data in the early stage. In addition, people prefer a painless and comfortable method when recording muscle contraction signals.  This review addresses the EMG data collection methods with good quality and less pain, their applications, and the examples of actual EMG data analysis.
  • 4.3K
  • 20 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Battery Modelling Techniques
The battery modelling (BM) problem is a constrained, multi-dimensional, mixed variable, non-convex, non-linear optimisation problem. Many bio-inspired techniques have been successfully employed to estimate the battery parameters. When bio-inspired algorithms are implemented for COM to extract parameters in real time, then they are called grey box models.
  • 4.2K
  • 28 Oct 2021
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