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Topic Review
A Rule-Based Grapheme-to-Phoneme Conversion System
Natural language processing often requires grapheme-to-phoneme (G2P) conversion of an orthographic text. G2P converts strings of graphemes to corresponding sequences of phonetic transcription characters, directly from orthographic representations and it is crucial for many applications in various areas of speech and language processing.
  • 1.3K
  • 25 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Data-Driven Production Logistics
A data-driven approach in production logistics is adopted as a response to challenges such as low visibility and system rigidity. within data-driven production logistics, data is the backbone of the system and all the components are bound together with data. Any decision is made based on data rather than intuition or even experience. All production logistics related activities are supported by data, which is constantly collected from data sources such as machines, human resources, sensors, actuators, etc. A data-driven approach facilitates transition towards a smart, autonomous production logistics system.
  • 1.2K
  • 28 Apr 2021
Topic Review
YOLO-Based Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Technology
YOLO-based unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology is proposed in the context of interdisciplinary or multi-disciplinary collaborative research, by the cross-fertilization of You Only Look Once (YOLO) target detection algorithms and UAV technology. In this YOLO-based UAV technology, the UAV can provide more application scenarios for the YOLO algorithm, while the YOLO algorithm can assist the UAV with more novel tasks. The two can complement each other to further facilitate people's daily lives while contributing to the productivity of their respective industries.
  • 1.2K
  • 06 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Wireless Technologies for Social Distancing in COVID-19 Pandemic
So-called “social distance” refers to measures that work to prevent disease spread through minimizing human physical contact frequency and intensity, including the closure of public spaces (e.g., schools and offices), avoiding large crowds, and maintaining a safe distance between individuals. Because it reduces the likelihood that an infected person would transmit the illness to a healthy individual, social distance reduces the disease’s progression and impact. During the early stages of a pandemic, social distancing techniques can play a crucial role in decreasing the infection rate and delaying the disease’s peak. Consequently, the load on healthcare systems is reduced, and death rates are reduced. The concept of social distancing may not be as easy as physical distancing, given the rising complexity of viruses and the fast expansion of social interaction and globalization. It encompasses numerous non-pharmaceutical activities or efforts designed to reduce the spread of infectious diseases, including monitoring, detection, and alerting people. Different technologies can assist in maintaining a safe distance (e.g., 1.5 m) between persons in the adopted scenarios. There are a number of wireless and similar technologies that can be used to monitor people and public locations in real-time.
  • 1.2K
  • 25 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Bionic
Bionic is an implementation of the standard C library, developed by Google for its Android operating system. It differs from the GNU C Library (glibc) in being designed for devices with less memory and processor power than a typical Linux system. It is a combination of new code and code from FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD released under a BSD license, rather than glibc, which uses the GNU Lesser General Public License. This difference was important in the early days of Android, when static linking was common, and is still helpful in introducing Android to software companies used to proprietary operating systems, who can be wary of the LGPL, and unclear about the differences between it and the full GNU General Public License (GPL). Bionic is a C library for use with the Linux kernel, and provides libc, libdl, and libm (libpthread functionality is part of libc, not a separate library as on some other systems). This differs from the BSD C libraries that bionic shares code with, because they require a BSD kernel.
  • 1.2K
  • 30 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Industry 4.0 and Smart Data
The digital transformation of manufacturing firms, in addition to making operations more efficient, offers important opportunities both to promote the transition to a circular economy and to experiment with new techniques for designing smarter and greener products.
  • 1.2K
  • 18 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Machine Learning from Drone Forensics
Drones are flying Internet of Things (IoT) objects that are an embodiment of hardware designed to be driven by software-based controls. Drones are programmed to fly according to user-defined specifications and have on-device IoT sensors and cameras augmented with a Global Positioning System (GPS) controller to facilitate their flight and all activity relevant to their operations. Drones are useful for several civilian applications.
  • 1.2K
  • 12 May 2022
Topic Review
Design of Experiments in the Advancement of Biomaterial
Optimisation of tissue engineering (TE) processes requires models that can identify relationships between the parameters to be optimised and predict structural and performance outcomes from both physical and chemical processes. Design of Experiments (DoE) methods are commonly used for optimisation purposes in addition to playing an important role in statistical quality control and systematic randomisation for experiment planning. DoE is only used for the analysis and optimisation of quantitative data (i.e., number-based, countable or measurable), while it lacks the suitability for imaging and high dimensional data analysis.
  • 1.2K
  • 18 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Technologies for Down Syndrome Persons
Since the beginning of the 21st century, the lifespan of people born with Down syndrome (DS) has increased. They now outlive their parents and rely on their relatives who usually sacrifice their own families to care for their disabled siblings. To reduce the pressure on families and the wider community, it is crucial to prepare DS people for independent life from early childhood. Emerging technologies can significantly support the process of acquiring the skills that are necessary for solving real-life problems at home and work.
  • 1.1K
  • 05 May 2022
Topic Review
Blockchain Applications in Agriculture
Blockchain is a distributed, immutable ledger technology initially developed to secure cryptocurrency transactions. Following its revolutionary use in cryptocurrencies, blockchain solutions are now being proposed to address various problems in different domains, and it is currently one of the most “disruptive” technologies.
  • 1.1K
  • 26 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Augmented Reality in Tourism Industry (2002-2022)
Augmented reality has emerged as a transformative technology, with the potential to revolutionize the tourism industry.
  • 1.1K
  • 24 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Causal Loop Diagramming of Socioeconomic Impacts of COVID-19
The complexity, multidimensionality, and persistence of the COVID-19 pandemic have prompted both researchers and policymakers to turn to transdisciplinary methods in dealing with the wickedness of the crisis. While there are increasing calls to use systems thinking to address the intricacy of COVID-19, examples of practical applications of systems thinking are still scarce. We revealed and reviewed eight studies which developed causal loop diagrams (CLDs) to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on a broader socioeconomic system. We find that major drivers across all studies are the magnitude of the infection spread and government interventions to curb the pandemic, while the most impacted variables are public perception of the pandemic and the risk of infection.
  • 1.1K
  • 23 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Physiological Measurement of Advertising Engagement
Advertising evokes emotional responses and triggers cognitive processes in consumers. This, in turn, influences individuals’ physiological responses and can provide new insights into consumer behavior. Owing to the steady development of wearable devices with physiological sensors, physiological signals may provide a way to directly and continuously measure the effects of ad exposure and thus better understand consumer behavior.
  • 1.1K
  • 10 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Blockchain Interoperability
Blockchain Interoperability is defined according to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as: “a composition of distinguishable blockchain systems, each representing a unique distributed data ledger, where atomic transaction execution may span multiple heterogeneous blockchain systems, and where data recorded in one blockchain are reachable, verifiable, and referable by another possibly foreign transaction in a semantically compatible manner”.
  • 1.1K
  • 17 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Machine Learning in T- and B-Cell Epitope Prediction
An antigenic determinant (AD) is a portion of an antigen molecule known as an epitope that is recognized by the human immune system, specifically by antibodies or T and B cells. Recognition of epitopes is considered important in EBPV design to contain pandemics, epidemics, and endemics due to the outbreak of infectious diseases. To design an effective and viable EBPV against different strains of a pathogen, it is important to identify the putative T- and B-cell epitopes. Using the wet-lab experimental approach to identify these epitopes is time-consuming and costly because the experimental screening of a vast number of potential epitope candidates is required. Fortunately, various available machine learning (ML)-based prediction methods have reduced the burden related to the epitope mapping process by decreasing the potential epitope candidate list for experimental trials. Moreover, these methods are also cost-effective, scalable, and fast. 
  • 1.1K
  • 16 Feb 2022
Topic Review
The Crossroads of Computer Science and Physics
The intersection of computer science and physics has opened up exciting new opportunities for research and innovation. The principles of physics have inspired the development of new computational models, and the ability to simulate complex physical systems using computer algorithms has been a critical tool for physicists to test their theories and hypotheses. Conversely, computer science has also had a significant impact on physics, providing tools and techniques for simulations and data analysis that have enabled physicists to explore complex physical systems. Machine learning and AI techniques are also increasingly being used to tackle some of the most challenging problems in physics. Despite the many potential benefits of interdisciplinary research between computer science and physics, there are also significant challenges that must be addressed. The synergy between these two fields and how interdisciplinary research is shaping their future was described. The research discusses the challenges and opportunities of interdisciplinary research, future directions for research, and the countries and scientists at the forefront of this field. By addressing the challenges of interdisciplinary research, researchers can unlock the full potential of interdisciplinary research and shape the future of both computer science and physics.
  • 1.1K
  • 22 May 2023
Topic Review
Biblical Software
Biblical software or Bible software is a group of computer applications designed to read, study and in some cases discuss biblical texts and concepts. Biblical software programs are similar to e-book readers in that they include digitally formatted books, may be used to display a wide variety of inspirational books and Bibles, and can be used on portable computers. However, biblical software is geared more toward word and phrase searches, accessing study bible notes and commentaries, referencing various modern translations, cross-referencing similar passages and topics, biblical dictionaries, original language texts and language tools, maps, charts, and other e-books deemed relevant to understanding texts from a philological approach. Bible software varies in complexity and depth, depending on the needs of users, just as the purposes of the users vary from devotional reading and personal study to lesson and sermon preparation, inspirational publishing and even further research tools and translations. Basic Bible software is typically aimed at mobile phones, and is designed to simply display the text of a single Bible translation, with word and phrase searches as the only available tool. More advanced packages run on personal computers and boast far more features, display a wider variety of theological resources (see above), and may offer features such as synopses and harmonies of the Gospel narratives, morphological and syntactical searches of original texts, sentence diagramming, user notes, manual and dynamic highlighting, lectionary viewers, etc.
  • 1.1K
  • 04 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)-Based Biosensor
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensors are being fabricated for specific detection of biomolecules or changes in the microenvironment. FRET is a non-radiative transfer of energy from an excited donor fluorophore molecule to a nearby acceptor fluorophore molecule. In a FRET-based biosensor, the donor and acceptor molecules are typically fluorescent proteins or fluorescent nanomaterials such as quantum dots (QDs) or small molecules that are engineered to be in close proximity to each other. When the biomolecule of interest is present, it can cause a change in the distance between the donor and acceptor, leading to a change in the efficiency of FRET and a corresponding change in the fluorescence intensity of the acceptor. This change in fluorescence can be used to detect and quantify the biomolecule of interest.
  • 1.1K
  • 18 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Re-Identification in Urban Scenarios
Multi-object Re-Identification (ReID), based on a wide range of surveillance cameras, is nowadays a vital aspect in modern cities, to better understand city movement patterns among the different infrastructures, with the primary intention of rapidly mitigate abnormal situations, such as tracking car thieves, wanted persons, or even lost children. Given an image or video of an object-of-interest (query), object identification aims to identify the object from images or video feed taken from different cameras. 
  • 1.1K
  • 24 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Low-Cost Water Quality Sensors for IoT
In many countries, water quality monitoring is limited due to the high cost of logistics and professional equipment such as multiparametric probes. However, low-cost sensors integrated with the Internet of Things (IoT) can enable real-time environmental monitoring networks, providing valuable water quality information to the public.
  • 1.1K
  • 06 May 2023
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