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Topic Review
Sustainable Approaches to Polymer-Modified Asphalt Binder
Due to periodic variations in temperature and heavy traffic loading, hot-mix asphalt (HMA) pavements undergo considerable distress during their service life. The rheological properties of asphalt binder, when subjected to complex physical and chemical processes, make it stiff and sometimes brittle, which ultimately plays a huge part in pavement deterioration. This phenomenon is commonly known as asphalt aging. Incorporating polymer modifiers with virgin asphalt can work as an effective means to change the binder properties and alleviate the issues related to asphalt aging. Different types of polymers, including elastomers, plastomers, and reactive polymers, can mixed in different combinations with the virgin asphalt to create polymer-modified binders (PMBs). In general, polymers are typically added to the virgin asphalt binder in PMB manufacturing at weight percentages ranging from 3% to 7%.
  • 408
  • 28 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Properties of Fibers
Fibers that are commonly used to reinforce the binding matrix in concrete are typically made of steel, basalt, carbon, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), glass, and natural fibers.
  • 408
  • 12 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Recent Trends in Treatment and Fabrication
Natural fiber (NF) is one of the many resources that nature has provided. NFs decompose quickly and are biodegradable, renewable, and cost-effective. It may be scavenged from a variety of plant and animal sources. They are employed as reinforcing materials in polymers for NF composite development. Because of its environmental friendliness and long-term survivability, NF is growing in appeal among academics and researchers for usage in polymer composites.
  • 407
  • 27 Mar 2023
Topic Review
The Effect of Microwave Radiation on Asphalt Mixtures
Self-healing in asphalt mixtures is a property that can be enhanced by external heating, which causes a thermal expansion that increases the flow of bitumen with reduced viscosity through the cracks.
  • 405
  • 24 May 2023
Topic Review
Superelastic Nickel–Titanium-Based Smart Alloys
The unique characteristics of superelastic NiTi shape memory alloys (SMAs) have attracted the attention of structural engineers worldwide. SMAs are metallic materials that can retrieve their original shape upon exposure to various temperatures or loading/unloading conditions with minimal residual deformation. SMAs have found increasing applications in the building industry because of their high strength, high actuation and damping capacities, good durability, and superior fatigue resistance. 
  • 405
  • 24 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Hemp as Internal Curing Agent in Concrete Materials
The construction industry is facing increased demand for adopting sustainable 'green' building materials to minimise the carbon footprint of the infrastructure sector to meet the United Nations 2030 Sustainability Goals. Natural bio-composite materials such as timber and bamboo have been widely used in construction for centuries. Hemp has also been used in different forms in the construction sector for decades for its thermal and acoustic insulation capability owing to its moisture buffering capacity and thermal conductivity. 
  • 404
  • 13 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Pedestrian Crosswalk Detection with Faster R-CNN and YOLOv7
Object detection techniques and object detection using deep neural networks are developing fields. Faster R-CNN (R101-FPN and X101-FPN) and YOLOv7 network models were used in the analytical process of a dataset collected. Based on the detection performance comparison between both models, YOLOv7 accuracy was 98.6%, while the accuracy for Faster R-CNN was 98.29%.
  • 401
  • 09 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Sustainable Water Infrastructure in Sub-Saharan Africa
Developing a sustainable water infrastructure entails the planning and management of water systems to ensure the availability, access, quality, and affordability of water resources in the face of social, environmental, and economic challenges. Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is currently in an era where it must make significant changes to improve the sustainability of its water infrastructure.
  • 400
  • 11 Mar 2024
Topic Review
BIM Impact on Construction Project Time
Building Information Modeling (BIM), a complete process that can improve every aspect of a project, is crucial in the building sector. BIM makes it feasible for design, construction, and engineering teams to employ digital technologies. It typically produces better results overall.
  • 387
  • 15 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Environmentally Friendly Smart Construction
Modern economic, social and environmental challenges require a new type of construction that ensures resilience, low construction costs and ease of maintenance. Material production, manufacturing of structural elements and final assembly should minimise the environmental impacts, such as greenhouse emissions and waste production. 
  • 387
  • 21 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Major Application of Machine Learning in WRM
In accordance with the rapid proliferation of machine learning (ML) and data management, ML applications have evolved to encompass all engineering disciplines. Owing to the importance of the world’s water supply throughout the rest of this century, much research has been concentrated on the application of ML strategies to integrated water resources management (WRM). 
  • 386
  • 08 May 2023
Topic Review
Low-Carbon Emission Demolition of an Existing Urban Bridge
Carbon emission is an important index to evaluate the green degree. To quantify carbon emissions, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a widely used method. It divides the cycle into six stages: raw material acquisition, material processing, component production, construction, building operation and maintenance, and demolition. Especially for the bridge demolition stage, a decisive factor in the carbon emission quantity is the demolition method. A demolition scheme of "Self-propelled modular transporter (SPMT) technology + large segment cutting" is proposed with low carbon emission, high efficiency and safety.
  • 383
  • 07 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Blockchain in the Construction Industry
Applications of Blockchain technology (BCT) have been progressing at a galloping rate in miscellaneous fields, such as finance, education, travel, healthcare, and insurance.
  • 378
  • 21 Mar 2023
Topic Review
The Role of Moisture in Alkali–Silica Reaction
Moisture is an important factor for ASR and its availability in concrete has often been appraised with the aid of relative humidity (RH). Its sufficiency leads to improved kinetics and higher ultimate ASR-induced expansion. Numerous RH thresholds have been reported to be required to initiate and sustain the reaction. the tests from which the thresholds has been reported differ in terms of the temperature, sample size, reactivity level of aggregates and aggregate type (Fine versus Coarse). All of these factors can be hypothesized to influence the role of moisture in the reaction.
  • 378
  • 04 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Road Accident Hotspots on Jordan’s Highway
One of the primary objectives of transportation engineering is to increase the safety of road infrastructure. This research seeks to determine the relationship between geometric design parameters in relation to road accident criteria based on accident hotspots on Jordan’s Desert Highway.
  • 376
  • 10 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Use of Zinc Oxide in Asphalts
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a wide-gap semiconducting material which is chemically stable at high temperatures and has been shown to be compatible with asphalt binders. Additionally, semiconducting nanoparticles such as ZnO could help to improve urban air quality. This has encouraged the use of this material as a binder and asphalt mix modifier. 
  • 373
  • 20 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Factors Influencing the Viability of MSMSCFs
Identifying factors influencing the viability of medium, small, and micro scale construction firms (MSMSCFs) is a crucial precursor in positioning such firms to aid economic and infrastructural development, especially in developing countries.
  • 370
  • 13 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Approaches to Sustainable Buildings and Cities
The assessment of the sustainability of buildings and cities is at the forefront of the environmental analysis of the built environment. Buildings are essential components of cities, where people spend a substantial part of their lives living, working, studying or relaxing. However, the same buildings and the whole construction industry are also responsible for considerable energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions and waste generation. Sustainable development seeks to find “a balance between economic development, environmental protection and social improvement”, and the main aim of sustainable urban development is to create “beautiful, distinctive, secure, healthy and high-quality places for people to live and work in that foster a strong sense of community, pride, social equity, integration and identity”.
  • 368
  • 24 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Ultra-High-Performance Fibre-Reinforced Concrete
Ultra-high-performance fibre-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) is a cementitious composite which contains fibres. UHPFRC has emerged as an effective structural retrofitting material due to its superior mechanical properties. In addition, UHPFRC has outstanding durability, ductility and workability; a low permeability; and a high abrasion and fire resistance. 
  • 366
  • 18 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Investigating Viroc's Compression Behavior and Mechanical Properties
To meet energy-saving requirements, in recent years, Saudi Arabia’s construction industry has focused on researching the use of naturally available resources as raw materials.
  • 365
  • 19 Jun 2023
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