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Topic Review
Forming the Microchannel Geometry
Various fields within biomedical engineering have been afforded rapid scientific advancement through the incorporation of microfluidics. Microfluidics is the study of fluid flow in geometries with one of the channel dimensions being of the micrometer scale. These geometries are built up into circuits known as microfluidic chips.
  • 977
  • 27 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Digital Twins for Production Logistics
Digital Twins (DTs) are one of the main opportunities to strengthen the overall competitiveness of manufacturing enterprises. Various technologies and technological concepts are discussed in production logistics, which can be classified as Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), Internet of Things (IoT), interfaces, decentralized applications, real-time localization systems, automatic identification, virtual environments including Digital Twins (DTs), and applications of data science such as machine learning, data mining, and big data analytics.
  • 974
  • 24 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Coaxial Sealing System
Coaxial sealing systems are widely used for both pistons and rods of hydraulic cylinders.A coaxial sealing system consists of a seal that can have various cross-section forms and is in direct contact with the mobile surface and with a pre-stressing ring that can also have a number of different cross section geometries (circular, rectangular, complex). The pre-stressing rings do not engage in contact with the mobile surface and are, thus, not subject to wear; their role is merely to generate the pressure required for tensioning the entire system. Pre-stressing rings are also vibration dampers. A pre-stressing ring is mounted in its seat in pre-compressed state, with an initial specific radial deformation of 10–25%. As the pressure of the fluid in the hydraulic cylinder builds up, the deformation of the pre-stressing ring increases and generates a larger radial force.
  • 974
  • 27 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Laser Metal Deposition for Cladding
With the development of society and the economy, there is an increasing demand for surface treatment techniques that can efficiently utilize metal materials to obtain good performances in the fields of mechanical engineering and the aerospace industry. The laser metal deposition (LMD) technique for cladding has become a research focus because of its lower dilution rate, small heat-effect zone and good metallurgical bonding between the coating and substrate.
  • 964
  • 25 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Scanning Probe Lithography
High-throughput and high-accuracy nanofabrication methods are required for the ever-increasing demand for nanoelectronics, high-density data storage devices, nanophotonics, quantum computing, molecular circuitry, and scaffolds in bioengineering used for cell proliferation applications. The scanning probe lithography (SPL) nanofabrication technique is a critical nanofabrication method with great potential to evolve into a disruptive atomic-scale fabrication technology to meet these demands.
  • 956
  • 12 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Additive Manufacturing of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems
The fabrication of MEMS through additive manufacturing processes applied to the microscale is described in detail in this entry, where the presently available building methods are analyzed.
  • 954
  • 29 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Butterfly Optimization Algorithm
Distortion and residual stress are two unwelcome byproducts of welding. The former diminishes the dimensional accuracy while the latter unfavorably affects the fatigue resistance of the components being joined. A multi-objective optimization aimed at minimizing both the welding-induced residual stress as well as distortion. Current, voltage, and welding speed were the welding parameters selected. It was observed that the parameters that minimize distortion were substantially different from those that minimized the residual stress. The contour plots produced from the response surfaces of the two objectives were overlaid to find a region with feasible parameters for both. This feasible region was used as the domain wherein to apply the novel butterfly optimization algorithm (BOA).
  • 954
  • 18 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Additive Manufacturing Applications at the Microscale
Additive manufacturing (AM) technology has been researched and developed for almost three decades. Microscale AM is one of the fastest-growing fields of research within the AM area. Considerable progress has been made in the development and commercialization of new and innovative microscale AM processes, as well as several practical applications in a variety of fields. However, there are still significant challenges that exist in terms of design, available materials, processes, and the ability to fabricate true three-dimensional structures and systems at a microscale. For instance, microscale AM fabrication technologies are associated with certain limitations and constraints due to the scale aspect, which may require the establishment and use of specialized design methodologies in order to overcome them.
  • 951
  • 30 May 2022
Topic Review
Ecological Planning of Manufacturing Process Chains
Production planning is a critical step for the implementation of sustainable production. It is necessary to consider energy and resource efficiency in all planning phases to promote sustainable production.
  • 945
  • 22 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Carbon Accounting in Manufacturing Systems and Supply Chains
Carbon accounting is primarily a process for measuring, reporting, and allocating greenhouse gas emissions from human activities, thus enabling informed decision-making to mitigate climate change and foster responsible resource management. There is a noticeable upsurge in the academia regarding carbon accounting, which engenders complexity due to the heterogeneity of practices that fall under the purview of carbon accounting. Such plurality has given rise to a situation where diverse interpretations of carbon accounting coexist, often bereft of uniformity in definition and application. Consequently, organisations need a standardised, comprehensive, and sequentially delineated carbon accounting framework amenable to seamless integration into end-to-end manufacturing systems.
  • 941
  • 03 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Carbon Fiber 3D Printing: a Brief Review
Additive manufacturing is evolving in the direction of carbon fiber 3D printing, a technology that combines the versatility of three-dimensional printing with the exceptional properties of carbon fiber.
  • 937
  • 08 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Scanning Techniques of Laser Surface Texturing
Laser surface texturing (LST) is one of the most promising technologies for controllable surface structuring and the acquisition of specific physical surface properties needed in functional surfaces. The quality and processing rate of the laser surface texturing strongly depend on the correct choice of a scanning strategy. 
  • 924
  • 11 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Transparent Nano-Ceramics for Solid-State LASERs
Solid-state lasers play a leading role in the field of laser application because they have the advantages of high peak power, high efficiency, long service life, safety, and reliability.
  • 923
  • 20 May 2022
Topic Review
Theory of Planned Behavior in Lean Manufacturing Training
The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is a useful framework that helps explain people’s behavior across a wide range of settings. Lean manufacturing is one of the most successful continuous improvement methods to increase a manufacturing organization’s productivity and efficiency. It has been considered a practical methodology to help manufacturing organizations improve production quality and cost. 
  • 922
  • 08 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Sustainable Engineering of an Outdoor Jacket from Waste
Due to the almost linear textile chain, large amounts of non-renewable resources are consumed to produce cheap clothes that are only worn a few times. Particularly problematic are the fiber waste and the enormous water consumption of the textile industry. 
  • 920
  • 02 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Fabrication of Nanobottle Motor
Micro/nano-motors play an important role in energy, environment, and biomedicines. Nanobottles attract great attention due to their distinct advantages of a large cavity, high specific surface area, bionic streamline structure, and chemotactic motion. 
  • 920
  • 17 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Polylactic Acid Biopolymer in Multi-Material Additive Manufacturing
3D printing is a revolutionary additive manufacturing method that enables rapid prototyping and design flexibility. A variety of thermoplastic polymers can be used in printing. As it is necessary to reduce the consumption of petrochemical resources, alternative solutions are being researched, and the interest in using bioplastics and biocomposites is constantly growing. Multi-material printing using polymers is the subject of research led by many scientists worldwide. The number of materials for printing is practically unlimited, especially considering the independent production of filaments or their modification, which is becoming easier and is more available for research institutions. One popular and economic printing technique using polymers is the fused deposition modeling (FDM)/Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) technology.
  • 913
  • 25 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Influencing Factors on Al Alloys Superplasticity
Aluminum alloys can be used in the fabrication of intricate geometry and curved parts for a wide range of uses in aerospace and automotive sectors, where high stiffness and low weight are necessitated.  Superplasticity is a process in which polycrystalline materials undergo several hundred to several thousand percent of tensile elongation at an appropriate temperature and strain rate. It is greatly effective in reducing the weight and production cost by minimizing the processing steps of machining and joining. 
  • 912
  • 10 May 2022
Topic Review
Fused Deposition Modeling of 3D Printed Part 
Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is the most economical additive manufacturing (AM) technology available for fabricating complex part geometries. Dimensional instabilities are challenges of FDM that depends on printing parameters. The selected printing parameters include layer height, number of perimeters, infill density, infill angle, print speed, nozzle temperature, bed temperature, and print orientation. Three-level definitive screening design (DSD) was used to plan experimental runs. 
  • 908
  • 26 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Machine Learning, Mechatronics, and Stretch Forming
The complexity of machine learning, mechatronics, and stretching forming is well known. Combining them was, is, and will be a necessity as they are closely interconnected disciplines within the field of manufacturing. It is a fact that in any industry, high productivity is achieved with the use of automated manufacturing processes. Intensive work was conducted throughout the year, and extraordinary techniques, equipment, and processes were upgraded or developed. Nevertheless, there are still issues that require optimal solutions.
  • 904
  • 18 Mar 2024
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