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Topic Review
Cube Surface Light Field Representation
The core idea of the cube surface light field representation is to parameterize the light rays on the two intersections with the cube surface and use the color value at the first intersection of the light ray and the object's surface to be the color of this light ray, constructing a pure ray-based 4D light field representation of the scenes.
  • 350
  • 01 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Medical-Waste Blockchain Technology
Blockchain-based systems developed for waste management mainly focus on solid waste such as electronics, household waste, and agricultural waste. Implemented systems for the treatment and segregation of waste in the medical environment are few and need to be developed in detail.
  • 821
  • 28 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Speaker Recognition Systems
Along with the prevalence and increasing influence of the speaker recognition technology, its security has drawn broad attention. Though speaker recognition systems (SRSs) have reached a high recognition accuracy, their security remains a big concern since a minor perturbation on the audio input may result in reduced recognition accuracy.
  • 704
  • 28 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Chaotic Image Encryption
Chaos is the characteristic of a system whose current state is guaranteed to be highly sensitive to the previous state (spatial chaos), the initial conditions (temporal chaos), or both (spatio-temporal chaos). Such a sensitivity makes the output or the behavior of a chaotic system difficult to predict. Chaos theory justifies and formulates the apparent disorder of chaotic systems on the basis of orderly patterns, structured feedback loops, iterative repetitions, self-organization, self-similarity, fractals, etc. Chaotic maps, attractors, and sequences all refer to the mathematical structures used for this formulation. Chaotic systems, maps, attractors, and sequences have been of great interest to the research community. They have been used for security purposes in a broad variety of applications ranging from smart grids to communication systems. Especially, chaotic encryption has been used for encrypting a variety of content types in addition to images.
  • 2.6K
  • 27 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Sustainable Wireless Sensor Network Based Environmental Monitoring
Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are the base of the Internet of Things (IoT) that all together give rise to the smart city. These WSNs consist of several sensors, which are densely distributed to observe physical or environmental conditions, like humidity, temperature, light intensity, and gas concertation. The sensors reading data are transmitted to the network coordinator, the IP-gateway, which is at the heart of the wireless network.
  • 1.3K
  • 27 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Light Field Image Super-Resolution
Light fields play important roles in industry, including in 3D mapping, virtual reality and other fields. However, as a kind of high-latitude data, light field images are difficult to acquire and store. Compared with traditional 2D planar images, 4D light field images contain information from different angles in the scene, and thus the super-resolution of light field images needs to be performed not only in the spatial domain but also in the angular domain. In the early days of light field super-resolution research, many solutions for 2D image super-resolution, such as Gaussian models and sparse representations, were also used in light field super-resolution. With the development of deep learning, light field image super-resolution solutions based on deep-learning techniques are becoming increasingly common and are gradually replacing traditional methods.
  • 575
  • 27 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Scalable Distributed Hyperledger Fabric
Blockchain technology, with its decentralization characteristics, immutability, and traceability, is well-suited for facilitating secure storage, sharing, and management of data in decentralized Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Despite the increasing development of blockchain platforms, there is still no comprehensive approach for adopting blockchain technology in IoT systems. This is due to the blockchain’s limited capability to process substantial transaction requests from a massive number of IoT devices. Hyperledger Fabric (HLF) is a popular open-source permissioned blockchain platform hosted by the Linux Foundation. 
  • 1.0K
  • 26 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Variable Admittance Control for Human–Robot Interaction
Human–robot interaction (HRI) is a broad research topic, which is defined as understanding, designing, developing, and evaluating the robotic system to be used with or by humans. 
  • 1.3K
  • 26 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Attack Graph Based on Vulnerability Correlation
As network technology has advanced, and as larger and larger quantities of data are being collected, networks are becoming increasingly complex. Various vulnerabilities are being identified in such networks, and related attacks are continuously occurring. To solve these problems and improve the overall quality of network security, a network risk scoring technique using attack graphs and vulnerability information must be used. This technology calculates the degree of risk by collecting information and related vulnerabilities in the nodes and the edges existing in the network-based attack graph, and then determining the degree of risk in a specific network location or the degree of risk occurring when a specific route is passed within the network.
  • 389
  • 25 Jul 2022
Topic Review
LPWAN Key Exchange
The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the fastest emerging technologies in the industry. It includes diverse applications with different requirements to provide services to users. Secure, low-powered, and long-range transmissions are some of the most vital requirements in developing IoT applications. IoT uses several communication technologies to fulfill transmission requirements. However, Low Powered Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) transmission standards have been gaining attention because of their exceptional low-powered and long-distance transmission capabilities. The features of LPWAN transmission standards make them a perfect candidate for IoT applications. However, the current LPWAN standards lack state-of-the-art security mechanisms because of the limitations of the IoT devices in energy and computational capacity. Most of the LPWAN standards, such as Sigfox, NB-IoT, and Weightless, use static keys for node authentication and encryption. LoRaWAN is the only LPWAN technology providing session key mechanisms for better security. However, the session key mechanism is vulnerable to replay attacks.
  • 488
  • 22 Jul 2022
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