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Topic Review
MAPK Signaling in Fruit Ripening and Quality Formation
Fleshy fruit ripening is a unique biological process that involves dramatic changes in a diverse array of cellular metabolisms. The regulation of these metabolisms is essentially mediated by cellular signal transduction of internal (e.g., hormones) and external cues (i.e., environmental stimuli). Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways play crucial roles in a diverse array of biological processes, such as plant growth, development and biotic/abiotic responses. Accumulating evidence suggests that MAPK signaling pathways are also implicated in fruit ripening and quality formation.
  • 47
  • 12 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Phytochemical Composition of Prunus spinosa L.
Prunus spinosa L. is a perennial, thorny shrub, highly decorative for landscape and forest edges, belonging to the Rosaceae family, genus Prunus, representing one of the ancestors of P. domestica. Modern phytotherapeutics emphasizes the benefits of consuming parts or products based on the Prunus spinosa L. shrub, as it is considered a plant with functional nutritional and therapeutic properties, remarkable in various pathologies with increasing incidence. Up to now, research has shown that the polyphenols found in large amounts in the fruits of P. spinosa L. are biofunctional compounds. These include anthocyanins, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and coumarin derivatives.
  • 91
  • 11 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Cuttings of Malus Rootstock Resources
Apple (Malus Mill.) is one of the most important fruits in China, and it boasts the world’s largest cultivation area and yield. It needs to be grafted onto rootstocks to maintain a variety of characteristics. China has many apple rootstock resources that exhibit high resistance and strong adaptability; for these reasons, they are highly suited to China’s complex and diverse natural environment. In China, apple rootstock breeding began in the 1970s, and now, several rootstocks, such as the ‘GM256’ and ‘SH’ series, are widely used.
  • 76
  • 28 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Crop Fertigation in Closed Soilless Systems
Inappropriate fertilisation results in the pollution of water resources with nitrates and phosphates, eutrophication in surface water, emission of greenhouse gasses, and unwanted N deposition in natural environments, thereby harming the whole ecosystem. Cultivation in closed soilless systems entails recycling of the fertigation effluents thus eliminating nutrient emissions to the environment and concomitantly pollution of water resources with nitrates and phosphates.
  • 146
  • 08 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Post-Harvest Technological Advances and Ripening Techniques for Peach
Post-harvest handling and ripening techniques have an impact on peach quality and shelf life, which has a big impact on consumer satisfaction and market competitiveness.
  • 143
  • 02 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Pre-Harvest Sprouting Trait in Vegetable Crop Seeds
Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) is a botanical occurrence during which seeds germinate on the plant before harvest without, or after, a short dormancy. Vegetables are rich in essential nutrients that contribute to maintaining human health and fulfilling our nutritional requirements. Vegetable crops often face the challenge of PHS, which can significantly influence the economic viability and the quantity of high-quality vegetable seeds produced.
  • 231
  • 19 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Life Cycle Cost Analysis for an Apple Orchard
The life-cycle cost analysis is a method used to assess long-term economic efficiency among equivalent competing processes or products. It is accepted that the role of the organic farming system is to produce fresh and authentic agri-food products and, at the same time, to protect and conserve the environment. For an apple orchard operated in an organic system, the life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) was performed within a system boundary, starting from the establishment stage of the orchard until the transportation stage, from the field to the warehouse and from the warehouse to retail stores for a 20-year life span of the orchard.
  • 178
  • 18 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Strigolactone
Plants, the cornerstone of life on Earth, are constantly struggling with a number of challenges arising from both biotic and abiotic stressors. To overcome these adverse factors, plants have evolved complex defense mechanisms involving both a number of cell signaling pathways and a complex network of interactions with microorganisms. Among these interactions, the relationship between symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and strigolactones (SLs) stands as an important interplay that has a significant impact on increased resistance to environmental stresses and improved nutrient uptake and the subsequent enhanced plant growth.
  • 190
  • 06 Dec 2023
Topic Review
CRISPR/Cas as Genome-Editing Technique in Fruit Tree Breeding
CRISPR (short for “Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats”) is a technology that research scientists use to selectively modify the DNA of living organisms. CRISPR was adapted for use in the laboratory from the naturally occurring genome-editing systems found in bacteria.
  • 192
  • 28 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Grape Tartaric Acid
Grape fruits are used for various purposes, including fresh consumption, juice extraction, drying, and wine production, with rich nutritional value. Tartaric acid (TA) is the primary organic acid present in grapes and a fundamental constituent of wine, responsible for shaping its taste, aroma, and overall quality. 
  • 203
  • 14 Nov 2023
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