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Topic Review
Computer Vision Applications in Intelligent Transportation Systems
As technology continues to develop, computer vision (CV) applications are becoming increasingly widespread in the intelligent transportation systems (ITS) context. These applications are developed to improve the efficiency of transportation systems, increase their level of intelligence, and enhance traffic safety. Advances in CV play an important role in solving problems in the fields of traffic monitoring and control, incident detection and management, road usage pricing, and road condition monitoring, among many others, by providing more effective methods.
  • 906
  • 21 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Blockchain in the Construction Industry
Applications of Blockchain technology (BCT) have been progressing at a galloping rate in miscellaneous fields, such as finance, education, travel, healthcare, and insurance.
  • 320
  • 21 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Micro-Electromechanical Systems
Micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) technology-based sensors have found diverse fields of application due to the advancement in semiconductor manufacturing technology, which produces sensitive, low-cost, and powerful sensors. Due to the fabrication of different electrical and mechanical components on a single chip and complex process steps, MEMS sensors are prone to deterministic and random errors.
  • 596
  • 21 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Terpenic Feedstock as Fuels
“Drop-in” fuels, which can be blended with standard jet fuels without any modification to the current technology in any aspect and also extended to the automotive sector, would ensure a fast implementation into the fuel market. Until today, only six alternative fuels for aircraft have been accepted for blending with jet fuel and mainly biodiesel, bioethanol, and Hydrogenated Vegetable Oils for automotive fuel. In the case of aircraft fuel, some examples of incorporation of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) blended with jet fuel are known, but over 5 mg/kg of FAME cannot be used for specific technical reasons. The decarboxylation of fatty acids has produced potential aircraft biofuels, but these have poor cold flow behavior. For fuels derived from the petrochemical industry, aromatic and other cyclic hydrocarbons efficiently increase the fuel density with little loss of gravimetric energy density. However, most alternative fuels have to be blended with their respective standard fuel in order to meet the density requirements. In addition to jet fuels, specialty military fuels have even more demanding density requirements, including the gravimetric net heating value, freezing and flash point, and storage stability, among others. It is essential to evaluate the feedstock sources, extraction, conversion, quality, and final use of biofuels in order to achieve new sustainable and industrially feasible biofuels. One of the most promising feedstocks is terpenic waste.
  • 349
  • 20 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Marine Battery Energy Storage Systems on Ships
The shipping industry is going through a period of technology transition that aims to increase the use of carbon-neutral fuels. There is a significant trend of vessels being ordered with alternative fuel propulsion. Shipping’s future fuel market will be more diverse, reliant on multiple energy sources. One of very promising means to meet the decarbonisation requirements is to operate ships with sustainable electrical energy by integrating local renewables, shore connection systems and battery energy storage systems (BESS). 
  • 1.7K
  • 20 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Radiometric Partial Discharge Detection
One of the most common failures or breakdowns that can occur in high-voltage (HV) equipment is due to partial discharges (PDs). This occurs as a result of inadequate insulation, aging, harsh environmental effects, or manufacturing flaws. PD detection and recognition methods have gained growing attention and have seen great progress in the past decades. Radiometric methods are one of the most investigated detection approaches due to their immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI) and their capabilities to detect and locate PD activities in different applications such as transformers, cables, etc. 
  • 647
  • 17 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Significance of Synthetic DNA Constructs
The prevalence of mutated species of COVID-19 antigens has provided a strong impetus for identifying a cost-effective, rapid and facile strategy for identifying the viral loads in public places. The ever-changing genetic make-up of SARS-CoV-2 posts a significant challenfge for the research community to identify a robust mechanism to target, bind and confirm the presence of a viral load before it spreads. Synthetic DNA constructs are a novel strategy to design complementary DNA sequences specific for antigens of interest as SARS-CoV-2 antigens.
  • 255
  • 16 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Sleep Monitoring in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Good sleep quality is of primary importance in ensuring people’s health and well-being. In fact, sleep disorders have well-known adverse effects on quality of life, as they influence attention, memory, mood, and various physiological regulatory body functions. Sleep alterations are often strictly related to age and comorbidities. For example, in neurodegenerative diseases, symptoms may be aggravated by alterations in sleep cycles or, vice versa, may be the cause of sleep disruption. Therefore, neurodegenerative diseases have also typical sleep sympthoms. In the clinical practice, different investigation about sleep aspects can be performed, producing a complex picture of different sleep monitoring approaches.
  • 270
  • 16 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Composting
Composting is the most adaptable and fruitful method for managing biodegradable solid wastes; it is a crucial agricultural practice that contributes to recycling farm and agricultural wastes. Composting is profitable for various plant, animal, and synthetic wastes, from residential bins to large corporations. Composting and agricultural waste management (AWM) practices flourish in developing countries, especially Pakistan.
  • 836
  • 16 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Enhancing Smart Home Design with AI Models
The normal development of “smart buildings,” which calls for integrating sensors, rich data, and artificial intelligence (AI) simulation models, promises to usher in a new era of architectural concepts. AI simulation models can improve home functions and users’ comfort and significantly cut energy consumption through better control, increased reliability, and automation. 
  • 1.2K
  • 15 Mar 2023
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