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Topic Review
Blockchain for Revolutionary Maritime Evolution
The nautical sector is progressively transitioning towards a digital framework, aiming to harness collective benefits. This evolution involves integrating disparate existing systems into more unified, scalable platforms. Yet, this shift encounters several obstacles. In response, it is proposed to employ cutting-edge technologies like blockchain, which resonate well with the industry's requisites. The study adopts a comprehensive approach, intertwining an array of sources including scholarly literature, online data, practical applications, and industry projects, to illuminate blockchain's contributions and its potential applications. It further investigate its applicability, drawing parallels and projections from other industries. Moreover, the research delves into the challenges and proposes viable solutions. This inquiry serves as an initial exploration into blockchain's integration in the maritime realm, endorsing its transformative potential. The outcomes of this study are anticipated to be valuable for academics, policy strategists, and industry professionals in the maritime field.
  • 134
  • 23 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Gel Classifications
Gel materials are non-fluid colloidal or polymer networks saturated with liquid, exhibiting characteristics of solid materials as three-dimensional networks form within the liquid phase. Nanostructured gels provide a highly porous architecture with abundant defects, facilitating efficient mass transfer and offering opportunities for composition tunability in the generation of catalytic responsive materials. The ease of synthesis and functionalization of gel materials enables the production of hierarchical porous structures with high surface areas capable of hosting various catalysts, thereby enhancing mass transport during electrocatalysis processes.
  • 142
  • 23 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Enhancing Quality Control in Battery Component Manufacturing
With the current trend of outstanding electronic development, rechargeable batteries has become indispensable parts in electronic devices such as laptops, phones, and electric vehicles. In these devices, the rechargeable battery is the most important part that affects the speed, price, and performance of the device. Furthermore, the rechargeable battery also affects the safety and potential risk of using the devices. In order to create quality rechargeable battery products and minimize risks such as potential explosions, the quality of each part of the rechargeable battery must be ensured during the production process. Among these components are fastening parts used in battery assembly.
  • 143
  • 22 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Mars In Situ Resource Utilization Technologies
Exploration of Mars with a human crew is widely viewed as the ultimate culmination of planetary exploration. Initial human landing on Mars would be limited to the simple in situ resource utilization (ISRU) based on atmosphere only, which is immediately accessible without the challenge of remote, autonomous mining of regolith, transporting regolith, and processing regolith. In a second generation of missions, it might be possible to include processing regolith, either for hydrated minerals or for imbedded ice.
  • 190
  • 22 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Pathway to Sustainability in Buildings
Traditional energy sources, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, are finite and face depletion. With the global concern over climate change and the limited nature of traditional energy resources, there is a critical need to transition towards more sustainable and eco-friendly energy solutions, especially within the built environment.
  • 157
  • 22 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Data Management in Smart Grids
Given the importance of data for smart grids, proper management is required throughout its life cycle, ensuring added value, sustainability, and efficiency for stakeholders, and providing information and knowledge about the energy system’s operation and consumption practices. Therefore, data architecture facilitates the capture, storage, and processing of information to support data analysis models in smart microgrids. 
  • 258
  • 22 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Protection Schemes for Electrical Distribution Networks with GDG
An amalgamation of Green Distributed Generation (GDG) with Distribution Networks (DNs) was developed because its performance became more efficient and sustainable. It increased the challenges in the design and operation of the protection scheme and changed the short circuit current (SCC), voltage profile, power losses, and power flow direction after the GDG penetration. These changes rely on the number, size, location, and environmental influence according to the GDG type. Therefore, many researchers have discussed protection system challenges and presented types of protection approaches to find a robust protection layout for DNs integrated with GDGs to prevent the electrical equipment from being destroyed during abnormal conditions.
  • 119
  • 19 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Faba Bean Protein Purification Using Membrane Technology
Plant-based proteins are gaining popularity because of their appeal to vegetarians and vegans, alignment with scientific and regulatory recommendations, and the environmental impact associated with livestock production. Several techniques are employed for the separation, isolation, and purification of plant-based proteins including membrane-based separation, diafiltration, centrifugation, chromatography, electrophoresis, micellar precipitation, and isoelectric precipitation.
  • 182
  • 19 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Methods for In-Vehicle Intrusion Detection
For in-vehicle network communication, the controller area network (CAN) broadcasts to all connected nodes without address validation. Therefore, it is highly vulnerable to all sorts of attack scenarios. Numerous intrusion detection methodologies have been developed to prevent emerging attacks targeting in-vehicle networks, but they also have certain limitations. 
  • 144
  • 19 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Hydrogen Energy Systems and Renewable Energy Sources
The global energy production is currently characterized by an unprecedented shift to renewable energy sources (RES) and their technologies. However, the local and the environmental benefits of such RES-based technologies show a wide variety of technological maturity, with a common mismatch to local RES stocks and actual utilization levels of RES exploitation. Among contemporary sources of energy production, hydrogen can be characterized as an efficient and clean fuel. The role of hydrogen as a clean energy source is a promising but also a contentious issue. This multifaceted role of hydrogen utilization for clean energy production is literature-reviewed and technology-conveyed. 
  • 226
  • 19 Jan 2024
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