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Topic Review
Mithramycin
Mithramycin is an antineoplastic antibiotic. The use of mithramycin has been previously limited by its narrow therapeutic window. Recent advances in semisynthetic methods have led to mithramycin analogs with improved pharmacological profiles. Mithramycin inhibits the activity of the transcription factor Sp1, which is closely linked with ovarian tumorigenesis and platinum-resistance.
  • 475
  • 02 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Bioactivities of Turmeric Oil
Curcuma longa L. (syn. Curcuma domestica), commonly known as turmeric, is a perennial herb native to Asia. After curing, drying, and milling, turmeric rhizomes are usually employed as a dye, cosmetic, and food seasoning. Most pharmacological activities of turmeric have been explained by the properties of curcumin, mainly because turmeric oil has not been as extensively studied as curcuminoids. Turmeric rhizome oil (TO) is responsible for this spice’s characteristic taste and smell.
  • 474
  • 16 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Gut Microbiota in Psychiatric Disorders
The importance of the gut–brain axis in maintaining homeostasis has long been appreciated. Much recent work has implicated the gut microbiota in many conditions, including autism, anxiety, obesity, schizophrenia, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease. Increased Enterobacteriaceae family were potentially associated with a higher risk of schizophrenia; thus, keeping these types of bacteria in balance will help alleviate the adverse effects of other pathogenic bacteria that might cause several diseases. According to the growing body of research, the gut microbiota is becoming crucial in psychiatric disorders. 
  • 474
  • 24 May 2023
Topic Review
Epigallocatechin 3-Gallate and Myricetin against SARS-CoV-2 Infection
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the deadliest virus since the 1918 influenza virus, has posed a serious threat to global health security. Tremendous research efforts have been undertaken, aiming at controlling and/or treating SARS-CoV-2 infection. The exploration of non-toxic and cost-effective dietary components, such as epigallocatechin 3-gallate and myricetin, for health improvement and disease treatment has recently attracted substantial research attention.
  • 474
  • 07 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Symmetrical Compounds in Insulin-Sensitizing Treatments for Type 2 Diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is a complex disease that involves damage to multiple signaling pathways. Through various pathways, chronic high blood glucose generates or aggravates insulin resistance. The drugs most widely used to decrease insulin resistance without producing hypoglycemia are biguanides (e.g., metformin) and thiazolidinediones (TZDs, such as pioglitazone). Symmetrical molecules have been a focus of research due to their unique structural characteristics, including stability and internal balance. Some advantages and disadvantages of utilizing symmetrical and asymmetrical thiazolidinediones as insulin sensitizers (or even antioxidant molecules) are mentioned.
  • 473
  • 27 Jun 2022
Topic Review
New Therapeutic Approaches in Treatment of Dyslipidaemia
Dyslipidaemia is a well-known risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Traditional statin therapy remains the cornerstone therapeutic approach. Ezetimibe showed good but limited results when used in combination with statins. Bempedoic acid has been thoroughly studied in multiple clinical trials, with a reduction in LDL cholesterol by approximately 15%. The first approved monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of dyslipidaemia, PCSK9 inhibitors, are currently used as second-line treatment for patients with unregulated lipid levels on statin or statin combination therapy. A new siRNA molecule, inclisiran, demonstrates great potential, particularly concerning compliance, as it is administered twice yearly and pelacarsen, an antisense oligonucleotide that targets lipoprotein(a) and lowers its levels. Volanesorsen is the first drug that was designed to target chylomicrons and lower triglyceride levels, and olezarsen, the next in-line chylomicron lowering agent, is currently being researched. The newest possibilities for the treatment of dyslipidaemia are ANGPTL3 inhibitors with evinacumab, already approved by the FDA, and EMA for the treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia. 
  • 472
  • 12 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Nano-Gels in Skin Cancer
Nano-gels, a dual combination of hydrogels and nanoparticles, have demonstrated significant promise as a targeted drug delivery system in the treatment of cancer, attributing to excellent drug loading capacity. Skin disorders, the 4th foremost source of non-fatal diseases, are frequently the outward manifestation of more serious systemic illnesses, such as HIV, and neglected tropical diseases, such as elephantiasis and other ailments causing lymphedema.
  • 472
  • 27 Apr 2023
Topic Review
American Ginseng Berry and its Mental Health Applications
Despite the popularity of the ginseng (Panax) root in health research and on the market, the ginseng berry’s potential remains relatively unexplored. Implementing ginseng berry cultivations and designing berry-derived products could improve the accessibility to mental health-promoting nutraceuticals.
  • 470
  • 30 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Strategies for Improving Transdermal Administration
A transdermal delivery system is a painless method of drug administration through intact skin. Transdermal patches favor the controlled release of active ingredients through the skin into systemic circulation.Substances with analgesic effects can be administered on the skin in the form of topical patches made to produce local effects or transdermal patches that ensure the controlled and prolonged release of the active substance.
  • 470
  • 18 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Solid Multicomponent Systems
Supercritical anti-solvent process shows great potential in the scalable and continuous manufacturing of desired solid multicomponent systems.
  • 469
  • 19 Apr 2021
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