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Topic Review
Physicochemical Properties and Activities of Catechins
Catechins are bioactive polyphenols and are typically isolated from green tea (Camellia sinensis L.) and gambir leaves (Uncaria gambir Roxb). There are a few types of catechins which possess the flavan-3-ol structure consisting of two benzene rings, a heterocycle dihydropyran, and a hydroxyl.
  • 205
  • 22 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Pancreatic Trauma in Children and Its Early Diagnosis
Blunt pancreatic injury (BPI) is relatively uncommon in children, and is associated with relatively high morbidity and mortality, especially if diagnosis is delayed. Blunt trauma represents the primary cause of pancreatic injury in the pediatric population. Pancreatic trauma in children remains a major challenge for emergency physicians as well as general and pediatric surgeons. Its rate of occurrence is 0.2–2%, and it contributes to 0.3% of all childhood injuries.
  • 166
  • 22 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Role of Orexins in Regulation of Stress Response
The orexin/hypocretin neuropeptide family has emerged as a focal point of neuroscientific research following the discovery that this family plays a crucial role in a variety of physiological and behavioral processes. These neuropeptides serve as powerful neuromodulators, intricately shaping autonomic, endocrine, and behavioral responses across species. Notably, they serve as master regulators of vigilance and stress responses; however, their roles in food intake, metabolism, and thermoregulation appear complementary and warrant further investigation.
  • 282
  • 22 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Nanovesicles for Enhanced Drug Delivery
Liposomes are the classic and first investigated phospholipid vesicles. These are rigid nanovesicles, and their ability to enhance drug permeability to the deeper skin layers is limited. 
  • 169
  • 22 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Disease Management of Quercetin and Its Natural Derivatives
Sepsis is a syndrome of organ dysfunction caused by an uncontrolled inflammatory response, which can seriously endanger life. There is still a shortage of specific therapeutic drugs. Quercetin and its natural derivatives have received a lot of attention recently for their potential in treating sepsis. 
  • 116
  • 22 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Genetic and Epigenetic Aspects of T1DM
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a polygenic multifactorial disease based on immune-mediated or idiopathic destruction of pancreatic β-cells resulting in absolute insulin deficiency. T1DM is the most common form of diabetes in children and adolescents worldwide.
  • 137
  • 22 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Kaempferol Protection against Brain Damage
Kaempferol, a flavonoid present in many food products, has chemical and cellular antioxidant properties that are beneficial for protection against the oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Kaempferol administration to model experimental animals can provide extensive protection against brain damage of the striatum and proximal cortical areas induced by transient brain cerebral ischemic stroke and by 3-nitropropionic acid.
  • 112
  • 22 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Anticancer Drugs and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare progressive motor neuron disease that, due to its high complexity, still lacks effective treatments. Development of a new drug is a highly costly and time-consuming process, and the repositioning of approved drugs can represent an efficient strategy to provide therapeutic opportunities. This is particularly true for rare diseases, which are characterised by small patient populations and therefore attract little commercial interest. Based on the overlap between the biological background of cancer and neurodegeneration, the repurposing of antineoplastic drugs for ALS has been suggested.
  • 166
  • 21 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) affects around 300 million people worldwide and is a significant risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nucleos(t)ide analog therapy has aided in decreasing mortality from HBV.
  • 286
  • 21 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Coffee and Microbiota
Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world, which has important repercussions on the health of the individual, mainly because of certain compounds it contains. Coffee consumption exerts significant influences on the entire body, including the gastrointestinal tract, where a central role is played by the gut microbiota. Dysbiosis in the gut microbiota is implicated in the occurrence of numerous diseases, and knowledge of the microbiota has proven to be of fundamental importance for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
  • 120
  • 21 Feb 2024
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