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All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Photobiomodulation Therapy and COVID-19
COVID-19 is a viral disease characterized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. Since then, researchers from all over the world have been looking for ways to fight this disease. Many cases of complications arise from insufficient immune responses due to low immunity, with intense release of pro-inflammatory cytokines that can damage the structure of organs such as the lung. Thus, the hypothesis arises that photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) with the use of a low-level laser (LLLT) may be an ally approach to patients with COVID-19 since it is effective for increasing immunity, helping tissue repair, and reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines. This systematic entry was performed with the use of PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar databases with the following keywords: “low-level laser therapy OR photobiomodulation therapy AND COVID-19”. 
  • 798
  • 04 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Smart Nanoparticles in Dental Applications
A strong trend in dental applications is to apply nanotechnology and smart nanomaterials such as nanoclays, nanofibers, nanocomposites, nanobubbles, nanocapsules, solid-lipid nanoparticles, nanospheres, metallic nanoparticles, nanotubes, and nanocrystals.
  • 797
  • 30 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Growth Hormone and IGF1 Actions in Kidney
Growth hormone (GH) exerts multiple effects on different organs including the kidneys, either directly or via its main mediator, insulin-like-growth factor-1 (IGF-1).
  • 797
  • 17 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Beneficial effects of Glycine in the Organism
Glycine is an amino acid that our bodies can produce naturally, so we don't necessarily need to get it from our diet. Nevertheless, it plays a vital role in various functions throughout our entire body. Glycine interacts with specific receptors and transporters found in many different types of cells, which allows it to have important effects on our health. One of the most fascinating things about glycine is its potential to reduce inflammation in our body. Researchers have conducted many studies focusing on this aspect. Glycine has been shown to decrease pro-inflammatory molecules called cytokines, which are responsible for promoting inflammation. Additionally, it can lower the levels of free fatty acids, which are sometimes linked to inflammation in certain situations. Moreover, glycine seems to positively influence how our body responds to insulin, which is crucial for maintaining stable blood sugar levels. It also appears to bring about other beneficial changes in our body, although scientists are still investigating the specific details of these effects. Glycine is a remarkable amino acid that offers many health benefits, especially in terms of reducing inflammation and possibly enhancing how our bodies respond to insulin. It's fascinating because it is present throughout our entire body, and we can obtain it through our diet or nutraceuticals, affecting our health in various ways. Scientists continue to study glycine to unlock its full potential and better understand its role in supporting our well-being.
  • 797
  • 26 Jul 2023
Topic Review Video
Mild-to-Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a major global public health problem. Neurological damage from TBI may be mild, moderate, or severe and occurs both immediately at the time of impact (primary injury) and continues to evolve afterwards (secondary injury). In mild (m)TBI, common symptoms are headaches, dizziness, and fatigue. Visual impairment is especially prevalent. Insomnia, attentional deficits and memory problems often occur. While symptoms resolve spontaneously in many, residual effects may linger for months or years in some mTBI patients. Optimally, the goal of any intervention is a return to baseline uninjured functioning with restoration of the ability to conduct daily activities.  
  • 797
  • 15 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Pharmacological Treatment in Presbyopia
Pharmacological treatment of presbyopia may be an alternative for those who want a spectacle-free scenario and an easy-to-use method with lower risk of irreversible ocular adverse events. There are two main agents, miotics and lens softeners, investigated as agents for the pharmacological treatment. Miotic agents treat presbyopia by creating a pinhole effect which may increase the depth of focus at all working distances. Lens softeners increase the elasticity of the lens, which is targeted at one of the etiologic mechanisms of presbyopia. 
  • 797
  • 14 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Treatment Combinations with DNA Vaccines
Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is a challenging disease to treat, with poor outcomes for patients. One antitumor vaccine, sipuleucel-T, has been approved as a treatment for mCRPC. DNA vaccines are another form of immunotherapy under investigation. DNA immunizations elicit antigen-specific T cells that cause tumor cell lysis, which should translate to meaningful clinical responses. They are easily amenable to design alterations, scalable for large-scale manufacturing, and thermo-stable for easy transport and distribution. Hence, they offer advantages over other vaccine formulations. However, clinical trials with DNA vaccines as a monotherapy have shown only modest clinical effects against tumors. Standard therapies for CRPC including androgen-targeted therapies, radiation therapy and chemotherapy all have immunomodulatory effects, which combined with immunotherapies such as DNA vaccines, could potentially improve treatment. In addition, many investigational drugs are being developed which can augment antitumor immunity, and together with DNA vaccines can further enhance antitumor responses in preclinical models.
  • 797
  • 20 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Psychiatric Disorders
Psychiatric disorders refer to the behavior or psychological pattern that can lead to significant distress or functional impairment.
  • 797
  • 01 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Mosaic of Autoimmunity
The “mosaic of autoimmunity” was a term originally coined by Shoenfeld and Isenberg in 1989, and refers to the interplay between genetic, hormonal, immunological, and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including RA [1]. 
  • 797
  • 10 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Flavonoids for Breast Cancer
Breast cancer persists as a diffuse source of cancer despite persistent detection and treatment. Flavonoids, a type of polyphenol, appear to be a productive option in the treatment of breast cancer, because of their capacity to regulate the tumor related functions of class of compounds. Plant polyphenols are flavonoids that appear to exhibit properties which are beneficial for breast cancer therapy. Numerous epidemiologic studies have been performed on the dynamic effect of plant polyphenols in the prevention of breast cancer. There are also subclasses of flavonoids that have antioxidant and anticarcinogenic activity. These can regulate the scavenging activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which help in cell cycle arrest and suppress the uncontrolled division of cancer cells. Numerous studies have also been performed at the population level, one of which reported a connection between cancer risk and intake of dietary flavonoids. Breast cancer appears to show intertumoral heterogeneity with estrogen receptor positive and negative cells.
  • 797
  • 01 Sep 2021
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