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Topic Review
Capacitive Field-Effect Bio-Chemical Sensors
       Electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) field-effect sensors belong to a new generation of electronic chips for biochemical sensing, enabling a direct electronic readout. The review gives an overview on recent advances and current trends in the research and development of chemical sensors and biosensors based on the capacitive field-effect EIS structure—the simplest field-effect device, which represents a biochemically sensitive capacitor. Fundamental concepts, physicochemical phenomena underlying the transduction mechanism and application of capacitive EIS sensors for the detection of pH, ion concentrations, and enzymatic reactions, as well as the label-free detection of charged molecules (nucleic acids, proteins, and polyelectrolytes) and nanoparticles, are presented and discussed.
  • 1.0K
  • 19 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Advances in Printed Circuit Board Recycling
Toward improved printed circuit board recycling, recent development and research favours a strategy based on first dismantling WPCBs followed by efficiently sorting electronic components (ECs). This allows obtaining various fractions: (i) bare boards; (ii) solder; (iii) ECs sorted in elementally enriched subfractions. The goal is for each fraction, or subfraction, to have the simplest elemental composition possible, making them easier to reuse directly or recycle, and making it now possible to recover valuable metalssuch as Ti, GaBa, Ta, Nb, W, Lanthanides.
  • 624
  • 19 Apr 2022
Topic Review
NiO-TiO2 p-n Heterojunction
NiO is a typical p-type semiconductor and it has widely been combined with TiO2 to form the p-n heterojunction due to its suitable energy band structure, high charge carrier concentration, high chemical stability and low cost. Decreasing the size of NiO to nanoclusters helps to improve the electron transfer channels on the surface of TiO2, thus enhance photocatalytic hydrogen production efficiency.
  • 867
  • 19 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Electrohydrodynamic Atomization
Electrohydrodynamic atomization, which comprises electrospray and electrospinning, is a physical process induced by an external electric field. The setup of EHDA is relatively simple, consisting of a high-voltage source (positive or negative) that provides external electrical energy and a precursor feeding source mounted with a metal capillary nozzle facing a conductive collector. Although EHDA can be operated in an atmospheric environment, the setup is usually placed in a fume hood with good electrical isolation and ventilation to ensure safety while maintaining the temperature and relative humidity of the workspace.
  • 740
  • 19 Apr 2022
Topic Review
TMDs in Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries
Owing to the unique layered structure and more desirable layer spacing, transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) materials are considered as the comparatively ideal cathode material of ZIBs which facilitate the intercalation/ deintercalation of hydrated Zn2+ between layers.
  • 539
  • 19 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials in Organic Solar Cells
The thin-film organic solar cells (OSCs) are currently one of the most promising photovoltaic technologies to effectively harvest the solar energy due to their attractive features of mechanical flexibility, light weight, low-cost manufacturing, and solution-processed large-scale fabrication, etc. However, the relative insufficient light absorption, short exciton diffusion distance, and low carrier mobility of the OSCs determine the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the devices are relatively lower than their inorganic photovoltaic counterparts. To conquer the challenges, the two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, which have excellent photoelectric properties, tunable energy band structure, and solvent compatibility etc., exhibit the great potential to enhance the performance of the OSCs.
  • 773
  • 19 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Transition Metal Oxide Electrode Materials
The rising use of nonrenewable fossil fuels in recent decades has put human existence in grave danger. As a result, it is imperative to design environmentally friendly and cost-effective energy storage devices. Supercapacitors are a promising energy device because of their high power density, outstanding cycle stability, and quick charge/discharge process. However, supercapacitors' energy density is still lower than that of conventional batteries'. Supercapacitors' electrochemical performance is heavily influenced by the electrode materials, as is well-known to everyone.
  • 863
  • 19 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Hop Phenolic Compounds on Dry Hopping Beer Quality
The study considers the phenolic hop compounds’ effect on the quality indicators of finished beer. The topic under consideration is relevant since it touches on the beer matrix colloidal stability when compounds with potential destabilizing activity are introduced into it from the outside.
  • 602
  • 19 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Platinum Based Cytostatic Drugs
Platinum based cytostatic drugs (Pt CDs) are among the most used drugs in cancer treatments which are administered via intravenous infusion and released partially intact or as transformation products. 
  • 741
  • 19 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Sensors for Contaminants Detection in Hydrogen Fuel
Sensors can be used to prevent hydrogen from reaching flammable levels by triggering alarms and activating ventilation or shutdown of systems. Therefore, hydrogen sensors are an important enabling technology for the safe use of hydrogen. Sensors could even have other applications, such as contributing to ensure the lifetime of fuel cell electrical vehicles by warning if the hydrogen quality is not adequate. Here, chemical sensors that respond to a particular analyte in a selective and reversible way can be used in order to indicate the presence of impurities that may be harmful to the Fuel Cell Electrical Vehicle (FCEV). 
  • 720
  • 19 Apr 2022
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