Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort:
Hottest Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Type:
All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
New Marine Xanthones Isolated since 2010
Xanthones are considered polyketide derivatives due to their biosynthetic precursor. They are aromatic oxygenated heterocyclic compounds with a dibenzo-γ-pyrone scaffold, known as 9H-xanthen-9-one.
  • 473
  • 27 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Preparation of Organosiloxane Telechelics by Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerization
Polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) telechelics are important both in industry and in academic research. They are used both in the free state and as part of copolymers and cross-linked materials. The most important, practically used, and well-studied method for the preparation of such PDMS is diorganosiloxane ring-opening polymerization (ROP) in the presence of nucleophilic or electrophilic initiators. Cationic ROP is also of interest for the preparation of functional PDMS. The advantage of this process is that it can be carried out at a relatively low temperature, the catalyst can be easily deactivated, and the process can also be used to synthesize polysiloxanes having base-sensitive substituents such as Si–H or Si–(CH2)3–SH.
  • 707
  • 24 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Preparation of Organosiloxane Telechelics by Anionic Ring-opening Polymerization
Polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) telechelics are important both in industry and in academic research. They are used both in the free state and as part of copolymers and cross-linked materials. The most important, practically used, and well-studied method for the preparation of such PDMS is diorganosiloxane ring-opening polymerization (ROP) in the presence of nucleophilic or electrophilic initiators. Anionic ring opening polymerization (AROP) under the action of various nucleophilic reagents is widely used for the synthesis of high molecular weight polydiorganosiloxane telechelics with various organic surroundings of the siloxane chain. In the process of cyclosiloxane opening and chain growth, side processes may occur: depolymerization due to the breaking of the linear chain by the active center (backbiting reaction) with the formation of low molecular weight cyclic products, and chain transfer reaction, in which the terminal active site attacks the siloxane bond of another polymer chain, leading to a redistribution of macromolecules, which is also called equilibration
  • 888
  • 24 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Tracing the Glycine from Quantum Chemical Simulations
Glycine (Gly), NH2CH2COOH, is the simplest amino acid. Although it has not been directly detected in the interstellar gas-phase medium, it has been identified in comets and meteorites, and its synthesis in these environments has been simulated in terrestrial laboratory experiments. Likewise, condensation of Gly to form peptides in scenarios resembling those present in a primordial Earth has been demonstrated experimentally. Thus, Gly is a paradigmatic system for biomolecular building blocks to investigate how they can be synthesized in astrophysical environments, transported and delivered by fragments of asteroids (meteorites, once they land on Earth) and comets (interplanetary dust particles that land on Earth) to the primitive Earth, and there react to form biopolymers as a step towards the emergence of life. 
  • 570
  • 24 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Application of 2D MoS2-Based Nanocomposites
The 2D molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets have unique and complementary properties to those of graphene, rendering them ideal electrode materials that could potentially lead to significant benefits in many electrochemical applications. These properties include tunable bandgaps, large surface areas, relatively high electron mobilities, and good optical and catalytic characteristics.
  • 544
  • 24 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Lipid Nanoparticles as Platforms for Theranostic Purposes
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are the first approved nanomedicines and the most well-studied class of nanocarriers for drug delivery. Currently, they are in the frontline of the pandemic fight as vaccine formulations and therapeutic products. However, even though they are so well-studied, new materials and new modifications arise every day that can improve their properties. Their dynamic nature, especially the liquid crystal state of membranes, is under constant investigation and it is that which many times leads to their complex biological behavior. In addition, newly discovered biomaterials and nanoparticles that possess promising effects and functionalities, but also toxicity and/or poor pharmacokinetics, can be combined with LNPs to ameliorate their properties.
  • 426
  • 23 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Use of Kojic Acid in Cosmetics
In 1907, Saito discovered Kojic Acid (KA), a natural product; it has since become one of the most investigated skin-lightening agents. KA inhibits tyrosinase and has been commonly researched in the cosmetic industry. It is incorporated in many kinds of cosmetic products.
  • 970
  • 23 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Biomaterials for Ophthalmic Applications
Ophthalmology is the branch of medicine that deals with diseases of the eye, the organ responsible for vision, and its attachments. Biomaterials can be made with different types of materials and can replace or improve a function or an organ, specifically the eye in the case of ophthalmic biomaterials. Biomaterials are substances that interact with biological systems for a medical purpose, either as a therapeutic (treat, augment, repair, or replace a tissue function of the body) or a diagnostic agent, and have continued to improve over the years, leading to the creation of new biomaterials.
  • 2.0K
  • 22 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Structure and Reaction Mechanism of Li-CO2 Batteries
A typical type of Li–CO2 battery consists of a porous cathode, electrolyte (liquid, solid), and lithium metal anode.
  • 1.4K
  • 22 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Extraction of Alkalis from Amorphous Silicate Materials
The main building materials widely used worldwide are those based on cement, glass, and ceramics. Taking into account the fact that the raw material base for the production of these materials is narrowing, and the quality of raw materials is declining, methods are being used to modify the structure of silicate materials in order to improve their properties when using cheaper raw materials and industrial waste, which should help reduce the energy intensity of their production. One of the ways to reduce energy consumption is the use of alkaline components in the chemical composition of silicate materials, which makes it possible to reduce the temperature of their synthesis. However, the presence of alkalis in the material at the stage of the operation is undesirable since it contributes, for example, to a decrease in the chemical resistance of silicate glasses or leads to the phenomenon of alkaline corrosion in cement products. 
  • 487
  • 22 Jun 2022
  • Page
  • of
  • 467
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Books

>>
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of COVID-19
Encyclopedia of Fungi
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
ScholarVision Creations
Feedback