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Topic Review
Dual-Drug Delivery by Anisotropic and Uniform Hybrid Nanostructures
By utilizing nanoparticles to upload and interact with several pharmaceuticals in varying methods, the primary obstacles associated with loading two or more medications or cargos with different characteristics may be addressed. Therefore, it is feasible to evaluate the benefits provided by co-delivery systems utilizing nanoparticles by investigating the properties and functions of the commonly used structures, such as multi- or simultaneous-stage controlled release, synergic effect, enhanced targetability, and internalization.
  • 355
  • 06 May 2023
Topic Review
Synthesis Approaches of Aza-Dibenzocyclooctyne Derivatives
Cyclooctyne molecules have found wide applications in the strain-promoted azide–alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) reactions, which avoid the biotoxicity caused by the use of Cu(I) catalysts. Among the various cyclooctyne systems, dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO) series have displayed the highest reaction activity.
  • 485
  • 06 May 2023
Topic Review
Synthesis of Sulfoxides and Sulfinamides from β-Sulfinyl Esters
Sulfoxides and sulfinamides play important roles in the pharmaceutical industry, organic synthesis and fine chemicals. Under catalysis by transition metals, β-sulfinyl esters, as nucleophilic reagents, react with a variety of electrophilic reagents to produce sulfoxides and sulfinamides. 
  • 493
  • 06 May 2023
Topic Review
Biological Applications of IO@MS Core-Shell Nanoparticles
The design of core-shell nanocomposites composed of an iron oxide core and a silica shell offers promising applications in the nanomedicine field, especially for developing efficient theranostic systems which may be useful for cancer treatments. 
  • 257
  • 06 May 2023
Topic Review
Infrared Spectroscopy in Quantification of Food Bioactive Compounds
Infrared spectroscopy (wavelengths ranging from 750–25,000 nm) offers a rapid means of assessing the chemical composition of a wide range of sample types, both for qualitative and quantitative analyses. Its use in the food industry has increased significantly and it is now an accepted analytical technique for the routine analysis of certain analytes. Furthermore, it is commonly used for routine screening and quality control purposes in numerous industry settings, albeit not typically for the analysis of bioactive compounds. 
  • 349
  • 06 May 2023
Topic Review
Carbon Nanodots-Based Nano-Biosensors
Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) were a modern form of nanostructure that demonstrated excellent qualities for diagnosis and therapy. Controlling QDs size and distribution made it simple to adjust their electrical and optical characteristics. Yet, since certain semiconductor QDs include hazardous substances such as, cadmium, arsenic, selenium, and mercury, they have several disadvantages. One such disadvantage is cytotoxicity. As a result, these QDs are neither environmentally friendly nor biodegradable. On the other hand, since their inception in 2004, carbon nanodots (CNDs) have been recognized as a strong contender to replace the extremely dangerous metallic semiconductor class of quantum dots. This is partly because the characteristics of carbon quantum dots are widely acknowledged to include their nanoscale size, roughly flat or spherical morphologies, great water solubility, broad absorption in the UV-visible light spectrum, and vibrant fluorescence. CNDs have an amorphous or nanocrystalline center, mainly sp2 carbon, graphite grid spacing, and outside oxygenic functional groups, allowing for water solubility and subsequent complexation. 
  • 557
  • 06 May 2023
Topic Review
H2S Sensors
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an essential signaling gas within the cell, and its endogenous levels are correlated with various health diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, Down’s syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. Because it plays such diverse biological functions, being able to detect H2S quickly and accurately in vivo is an area of heightened scientific interest.
  • 407
  • 06 May 2023
Topic Review
Poly(lactic acid)-Based Blends
Aliphatic and aromatic polyesters of hydroxycarboxylic acids are characterized not only by biodegradability, but also by biocompatibility and inertness, which makes them suitable for use in different applications. Polyesters with high enzymatic hydrolysis capacity include poly(lactic acid), poly(ε-caprolactone), poly(butylene succinate) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate), poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate). At the same time, poly(lactic acid) is the most durable, widespread, and cheap polyester from this series. However, it has a number of drawbacks, such as high brittleness, narrow temperature-viscosity processing range, and limited biodegradability. Three main approaches are known for poly(lactic acid) modification: incorporation of dispersed particles or low molecular weight and oligomeric substances, copolymerization with other polymers, and blending with other polymers. 
  • 333
  • 06 May 2023
Topic Review
MOS Gas Sensor for Lung Cancer Diagnosis
Lung cancer is the most prevalent severe illness in both sexes and all ages and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Late-stage diagnosis is the primary cause of its high mortality rate. Therefore, the management of lung cancer needs early-stage screening. Breath analysis is a non-invasive, low-cost, and user-friendly approach to diagnosing lung cancer. Among the various types of breath sensors, metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors are preferred due to their high gas responses, fast response times, robustness, and lower price.
  • 499
  • 06 May 2023
Topic Review
Smart Triboelectric Nanogenerators Based on Stimulus-Response Materials
Smart responsive materials can respond to external stimuli through reversible mechanisms and can be directly combined with triboelectric nanogenerators (teng) to provide a variety of intelligent applications such as sensors, actuators, robotics, artificial muscles, and controlled drug delivery. Not only that, but the mechanical energy in the reversible response of innovative materials can be extracted and converted into an interpretable electrical signal.
  • 294
  • 06 May 2023
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