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Topic Review
Copper-Catalyzed Intramolecular Borylative Coupling with Imines
Copper-catalyzed enantioselective borylative cyclization with various electrophiles via difunctionalization of unsaturated hydrocarbons is a powerful tool for the generation of interesting boron-containing carbocycles and heterocycles processes involving a chiral organocopper intermediate. Alkenes, allenes, and alkynes are versatile and easily accessible substrates that can be subjected to a wide range of reactions to produce densely functionalized, enantioenriched products.
  • 887
  • 17 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Preparation of Organosiloxane Telechelics by Anionic Ring-opening Polymerization
Polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) telechelics are important both in industry and in academic research. They are used both in the free state and as part of copolymers and cross-linked materials. The most important, practically used, and well-studied method for the preparation of such PDMS is diorganosiloxane ring-opening polymerization (ROP) in the presence of nucleophilic or electrophilic initiators. Anionic ring opening polymerization (AROP) under the action of various nucleophilic reagents is widely used for the synthesis of high molecular weight polydiorganosiloxane telechelics with various organic surroundings of the siloxane chain. In the process of cyclosiloxane opening and chain growth, side processes may occur: depolymerization due to the breaking of the linear chain by the active center (backbiting reaction) with the formation of low molecular weight cyclic products, and chain transfer reaction, in which the terminal active site attacks the siloxane bond of another polymer chain, leading to a redistribution of macromolecules, which is also called equilibration
  • 886
  • 24 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Metal Ion Detection by Glutathione
Low cost, sensitive, selective, and rapid methods for heavy metal ion (HMI) detection are of growing demand, and HMI biosensors have great potential in meeting this need due to their timeliness, cost-effectiveness and convenience in operation. The most widely reported peptide probe for HMI detection is glutathione (GSH), especially in case of lead ion (Pb2+) detection. GSH is highly stable, cost-effective, and easy to immobilize on a sensor. 
  • 886
  • 10 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Melissa officinalis
Melissa officinalis is a medicinal plant rich in biologically active compounds which is used worldwide for its therapeutic effects. Chemical studies on its composition have shown that it contains mainly flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic acids, tannins, and essential oil. The main active constituents of Melissa officinalis are volatile compounds (geranial, neral, citronellal and geraniol), triterpenes (ursolic acid and oleanolic acid), phenolic acids (rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid), and flavonoids (quercetin, rhamnocitrin, and luteolin). 
  • 886
  • 06 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Bioactive Peptides in Dairy Products
All the research pertaining to the detection and identification of minute peptides (<4 amino acids) present in multifarious mixtures are in their early stages because of a lack of stringent peptide identification methodologies. Precise amendments like discerned censoring of ions against previously identified sequences of peptides can help overcome the aforementioned issues faced at times of optimization procedures during or after MS analysis. A state-of-the-art genesis in structure-informedpeptide identification and quantification methodologies can be guaranteed by added enrichment in the sensitivity and resolving capacity of MS, in conjunction with novel cutting edge ionization techniques. Modernization of the software for foodomics and peptidomics research and peptide identification is needed. Also, explicit and coherent structure identification in common and especially in synchronization with LC-MS requires significant attention. A continuous focus will be given to understanding of the biochemical functions of milk ingredients and their dietary implications by using a variety of powerful tools like -omics, cell models, gut microbiome research and imaging. The introduction of innovative facilities including is an absolute requirement for the development of approaches, such as proteomics, recombinant enzymes and microbial fermentation to study and improve the metabolic and health consequences of the various roles of bioactive peptides throughout the expression of genes. Consequently, the formulation of products incorporating bioactive peptides should examine the allergenicity, toxicity and stability of the a ected metabolic functions during gastrointestinal digestion. Despite considerable progress in the isolation, purification and assessment of bioactivities of BP from various natural sources, several hurdles still remain to be overcome, particularly technological advancements to produce them on a broad scale without losing activity. In conclusion, milk-derived bioactive peptides o er substantial future prospects for product development to support health, with their multifunctional assets.  
  • 885
  • 30 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Solid-State Polymer Electrolytes for Lithium Batteries
In all-solid-state rechargeable lithium batteries, the solid-state electrolyte is located between the cathode and the anode, acting as an electrolyte and a separator, so the performance of the solid-state electrolyte is crucial to the performance of the entire battery.
  • 885
  • 23 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Ceramic-Based Hybrid Supercapacitors
Supercapacitors (SCs) have attracted considerable attention among various energy storage devices due to their high specific capacity, high power density, long cycle life, economic efficiency, environmental friendliness, high safety, and fast charge/discharge rates. SCs are devices that can store large amounts of electrical energy and release it quickly, making them ideal for use in a wide range of applications. They are often used in conjunction with batteries to provide a power boost when needed and can also be used as a standalone power source. They can be used in various potential applications, such as portable equipment, smart electronic systems, electric vehicles, and grid energy storage systems.
  • 885
  • 02 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Sesquiterpenoids Specially Produced by Fungi
Fungi are widely distributed in the terrestrial environment, freshwater, and marine habitat. Only approximately 100,000 of these have been classified although there are about 5.1 million characteristic fungi all over the world. These eukaryotic microbes produce specialized metabolites and participate in a variety of ecological functions, such as quorum detection, chemical defense, allelopathy, and maintenance of symbiosis. Fungi therefore remain an important resource for the screening and discovery of biologically active natural products. Sesquiterpenoids are arguably the richest natural products from plants and micro-organisms. The rearrangement of the 15 high-ductility carbons gave rise to a large number of different skeletons. At the same time, abundant structural variations lead to a diversification of biological activity. 
  • 885
  • 06 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery
A biomaterial is a synthetic material used to replace part of a living system or a material meant to be in contact with living tissue. In this sense, biomaterials can be categorized into polymers, liposomes, micelles, dendrimers, and calcium phosphate (CaP) nanoparticles, where each will show a different type of bioactivity. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) has been the gold standard in the biomedical field due to its composition and similarity to human bone. HAP nanoparticles have been used as vehicles for delivery due to their affinity to DNA, proteins, several drugs, and proper release activity.
  • 884
  • 02 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Nanostructures Based on Cobalt Oxide
Cobalt oxide (Co3O4) is known to follow the spinel structure as (Co2+)[Co23+O4. The high spin Co2+occupies the interstitial sites of tetrahedral (8a) whereas low spin Co3+are known to occupy the interstitial sites of octahedral (16d) of the close-packed face-centered cubic lattice of CoO.Co2O3. The p-type conductivity of the material (CoO.Co2O3) is known to originate from the vacancies of Co in the crystal lattices or/and excess oxygen at interstitial sites.  Furthermore, 1D nanostructures of Co3O4  have been investigated over the past decades as an active material for chemical analytes detection owing to its superior catalytic effect together with its excellent stability.
  • 884
  • 06 Aug 2021
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