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Topic Review
Biography
Topic Review
Fluorescent Organic Small Molecule Probes
Fluorescence imaging technology provides a visual tool for medicine, showing great potential in the fields of molecular biology, cellular immunology and oncology. In recent years, organic fluorescent probes have attracted much attention in the bioanalytical field. Among various organic fluorescent probes, fluorescent organic small molecule probes (FOSMPs) have become a research hotspot due to their excellent physicochemical properties, such as good photostability, high spatial and temporal resolution, as well as excellent biocompatibility. FOSMPs have proved to be suitable for in vivo bioimaging and detection.
727
17 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Structural biology in coronavirus-receptor interaction
Mass spectrometry and some other biophysical methods, have made substantial contributions to the studies on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and human proteins interactions. The most interesting feature of SARS-CoV-2 seems to be the structure of its spike (S) protein and its interaction with the human cell receptor. Mass spectrometry of spike S protein revealed how the glycoforms are distributed across the S protein surface. X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy made huge impact on the studies on the S protein and ACE2 receptor protein interaction, by elucidating the three-dimensional structures of these proteins and their conformational changes. The findings of the most recent studies in the scope of SARS-CoV-2-Human protein-protein interactions are described here.
727
15 Sep 2020
Topic Review
Synthetic Hemorphin Analogs Containing Non-Natural Amino Acids
The endogenous hemorphins are bioactive peptides with activity on opioid receptors. Several research teams have synthesized, characterized, and pharmacologically evaluated synthetic hemorphin analogs containing unusual amino acids, D-amino acids, α-aminophosphonic acids, and their derivatives. Research focuses on the structure-activity relationship analysis, details on specific methods for their characterization, and the advantage of synthetic hemorphin analogs compared to endogenous peptides as potent biologically active compounds with a complex mechanism of action.
726
05 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Vesicular Systems for Advanced Drug Delivery
Erythromycin (ERY) is a macrolide compound with a broad antimicrobial spectrum which is currently being used to treat a large number of bacterial infections affecting the skin, respiratory tract, intestines, bones and other systems, proving great value from a clinical point of view. Despite this major advantage, ERY has low water solubility and is not stable under acidic conditions which leads to a limited efficacy and bioavailability. Apart from this, higher doses promote drug resistance and undesirable effects. In order to overcome these disadvantages, during the past decades, a large variety of ERY formulations, including nanoparticles, have emerged. This work presents the preparation and performances reported for ERY vesicles, such as liposomes, ethosomes, niosomes, micelles, cubosomes and solid lipid nano(micro) particles.
726
19 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Hydrogen Generation
Hydrogen generation is the process of producing hydrogen gas from various sources, such as fossil fuels, water, or biomass. Hydrogen gas is a clean and versatile energy carrier that can be used in a wide range of applications, including fuel cells, transportation, and industrial processes. Hydrogen generation can be achieved through various methods, including steam methane reforming, electrolysis, and coal gasification. The use of hydrogen as a fuel offers a clean and sustainable alternative to traditional fossil fuels, with applications in transportation, power generation, industrial processes, heating systems, and energy storage. The development of sustainable hydrogen generation technologies is crucial for achieving a low-carbon economy and combating climate change. However, the technology still faces challenges such as high cost and lack of infrastructure. This entry provides an overview of the different methods and applications of hydrogen generation, and discusses the potential benefits and challenges associated with this technology.
726
23 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Deposition Characteristics of Catenary Insulator
An electrified railway catenary is a special high-voltage transmission line installed above rails and transmits electric energy to electric locomotives or motor train units by making contact with pantographs. Catenary insulators are insulation equipment of traction power supply systems that mainly serve as mechanical support and electrical insulation.
725
27 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Antimicrobial Polymeric Structures
Certain natural and synthetic polymers are versatile materials that have already proved themselves to be highly suitable for the development of the next-generation of antimicrobial systems that can efficiently prevent and kill microbes in various environments.
725
28 May 2021
Topic Review
Processing Technology of Thermoplastic-Bonded Wood-Based Panels
When thermoplastic resins such as polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) are selected as wood adhesives to bond wood by using the hot-pressing technique, the formaldehyde emission issue that has long existed in the wood-based panel industry can be effectively solved. Thermoplastic bonded wood-based panels presented relatively higher mechanical properties, better water resistance and machinability than the conventional urea-formaldehyde resin bonded wood-based panels. Compared with the wood-plastic composites manufactured by extruding or injection-molding methods, thermoplastic bonded wood-based panels have the advantages of larger size, wider raw material range and higher production efficiency.
724
26 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Waste Plastics’ Liquefaction into Fuel Fraction
Polymers and plastics are crucial materials in many sectors of our economy, due to their numerous advantages. They also have some disadvantages, among the most important are problems with the recycling and disposal of used plastics. The recovery of waste plastics is increasing every year, but over 27% of plastics are landfilled. The rest is recycled, where, unfortunately, incineration is still the most common management method. From an economic perspective, waste management methods that lead to added-value products are most preferred—as in the case of material and chemical recycling. Since chemical recycling can be used for difficult wastes (poorly selected, contaminated), it seems to be the most effective way of managing these materials. Moreover, as a result this of kind of recycling, it is possible to obtain commercially valuable products, such as fractions for fuel composition and monomers for the reproduction of polymers.
724
06 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Chromophoric Dendrimer-Based Materials
Dendrimers (from the Greek dendros → tree; meros → part) are macromolecules with well-defined three-dimensional and tree-like structures. Remarkably, this hyperbranched architecture is one of the most ubiquitous, prolific, and recognizable natural patterns observed in nature.
724
16 Jan 2022
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