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Topic Review
Diaziridine
Diaziridine is a high strained three-membered heterocycle with two nitrogen atoms that plays an important role as one of the most important precursors of diazirine photoaffinity probes. Recent research trends can be grouped into three categories, based on whether they have examined non-substituted, N-monosubstituted, or N,N-disubstituted diaziridines.
  • 903
  • 17 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Eggshell Membrane for Bone Regeneration
The physicochemical features of the avian eggshell membrane play an essential role in the process of calcium carbonate deposition during shell mineralization, giving rise to a porous mineralized tissue with remarkable mechanical properties and biological functions. The membrane could be useful by itself or as a bi-dimensional scaffold to build future bone-regenerative materials.
  • 902
  • 24 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Inherently Antimicrobial Nano-Systems
Inherently antimicrobial properties have been established for a number of materials, including silver, copper, and certain polymers, such as chitosan. Nanomaterials made of these inherently antimicrobial materials have attracted attention for combatting AMR because bacterial resistance to these materials is rare. However, many inherently antimicrobial nanomaterials can be cytotoxic, so they are often combined with other materials in hybrid nano-systems to increase their biocompatibility. These inherently antimicrobial nano-systems have many practical applications.
  • 902
  • 20 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Meso-Zeaxanthin
Meso-zeaxanthin (3R,3´S-zeaxanthin) is a xanthophyll carotenoid, as it contains oxygen and hydrocarbons, and is one of the three stereoisomers of zeaxanthin. Of the three stereoisomers, meso-zeaxanthin is the second most abundant in nature after 3R,3´R-zeaxanthin, which is produced by plants and algae. To date, meso-zeaxanthin has been identified in specific tissues of marine organisms and in the macula lutea, also known as the "yellow spot", of the human retina.
  • 902
  • 02 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Thienopyrimidine
Thienopyrimidine emerges as an attractive scaffold in medicinal chemistry with a wide array of pharmacological properties, such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic and antiviral. Considering the fusion between pyrimidine and thiophene rings, three different thienopyrimidines can be obtained, namely thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines, thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines and thieno[3,4-d]pyrimidines. Different synthetic pathways involving the construction of the pyrimidine or the thiophene ring were reported in the literature to access polysubstituted thienopyrimidines. In these approaches, the synthetic strategies mostly involved the synthesis of a thienopyrimidin-4-one derivative, where position 4 could be modified via further functionalization.
  • 902
  • 13 Jan 2022
Topic Review
MXenes
Recent progress in the application of new 2D-materials—MXenes—in the design of biosensors, biofuel cells and bioelectronics is overviewed and some advances in this area are foreseen. Recent developments in the formation of a relatively new class of 2D metallically conducting MXenes opens a new avenue for the design of conducting composites with metallic conductivity and advanced sensing properties. Advantageous properties of MXenes suitable for biosensing applications are discussed. Frontiers and new insights in the area of application of MXenes in sensorics, biosensorics and in the design of some wearable electronic devices are outlined. Some disadvantages and challenges in the application of MXene based structures are critically discussed.
  • 902
  • 08 Jan 2021
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Nuclear Waste Disposal
Nuclear waste (like radioactive waste) is waste that contains, or is contaminated with, radionuclides, at activity concentrations greater than clearance levels set by the regulators, beyond which no further use is foreseen. Disposal is the emplacement of waste in an appropriate facility without the intention to retrieve it.
  • 901
  • 03 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Antagonists of the AT1receptor
Antagonists of the AT1receptor (AT1R) are beneficial molecules that can prevent the peptide hormone angiotensin II from binding and activating the specific receptor causing hypertension in pathological states.
  • 901
  • 06 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Copper-Catalyzed Intramolecular Borylative Coupling with Imines
Copper-catalyzed enantioselective borylative cyclization with various electrophiles via difunctionalization of unsaturated hydrocarbons is a powerful tool for the generation of interesting boron-containing carbocycles and heterocycles processes involving a chiral organocopper intermediate. Alkenes, allenes, and alkynes are versatile and easily accessible substrates that can be subjected to a wide range of reactions to produce densely functionalized, enantioenriched products.
  • 901
  • 17 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Electrochemical Glucose Sensors Based on 2D Materials
Diabetes is a health disorder that necessitates constant blood glucose monitoring. The industry is always interested in creating novel glucose sensor devices because of the great demand for low-cost, quick, and precise means of monitoring blood glucose levels. Electrochemical glucose sensors, among others, have been developed and are now frequently used in clinical research. Nonetheless, despite the substantial obstacles, these electrochemical glucose sensors face numerous challenges. Because of their excellent stability, vast surface area, and low cost, various types of 2D materials have been employed to produce enzymatic and nonenzymatic glucose sensing applications. 
  • 900
  • 11 Jul 2022
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