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Topic Review
Halide Segregation in Mixed Halide Perovskites
Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) has splendid optoelectronic properties and ease of processing, enabling efficiently fabricating high-performance photovoltaic devices with low-cost. MHPs are easy preparation and processing, but also face inherent instability issues, such as ion migration, halide segregation, phase transition and degradation.
  • 512
  • 04 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Nano-, Micro- and Macro-Scale Impact Tests
Impact resistance is critical in many applications of coating systems involving highly loaded mechanical contact. Nano-impact testing utilises the depth-sensing capability of a multifunctional nanomechanical test system (NanoTest system, Micro Materials Ltd., Wrexham, UK) to perform impact testing at strain rates that are several orders of magnitude higher than those in quasi-static indentation tests.
  • 506
  • 21 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Principal Uses of Carbons from Glycerol
Biodiesel is produced by the transesterification of animal fats and vegetable oils, producing a large amount of glycerol as a by-product. The crude glycerol cannot be used in the food or pharmaceutical industries. It is crucial to transform glycerol into value-added products with applications in different areas to biodiesel be economically viable. One of the possible applications is its use as a precursor for the synthesis of carbon materials. The glycerol-based carbon materials have distinct properties due to the presence of sulfonic acid groups on the material surface, making them efficient catalysts. Additionally, the glycerol-based activated carbon materials show promising results concerning the adsorption of gases and liquid pollutants and recently as capacitors.
  • 505
  • 20 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Mechanism of Cotton Combustion
As a cellulose-based polymer, the combustion of cotton is an exothermic oxidation process that takes place upon heating, consuming flammable gases, liquids, and solid residues produced during the pyrolysis of the textile material, thus generating heat.
  • 506
  • 27 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Fire Safety Performance of Polymer Composites
The growth of the use of polymer composite materials has been a phenomenon since 1960, with diverse applications in spacecraft, aircraft, boats, ship, automobiles, civil infrastructure, sporting goods, and consumer products. In addition, the use of composites will continue to grow in the coming years with emerging end-use such as large bridge structures, engine machinery, offshore platforms, computer hardware, and biomedicals devices. However, a critical challenge facing the growing use of polymer composites is their high combustibility.
  • 498
  • 02 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Polylactic Acid Biopolymer in Multi-Material Additive Manufacturing
3D printing is a revolutionary additive manufacturing method that enables rapid prototyping and design flexibility. A variety of thermoplastic polymers can be used in printing. As it is necessary to reduce the consumption of petrochemical resources, alternative solutions are being researched, and the interest in using bioplastics and biocomposites is constantly growing. Multi-material printing using polymers is the subject of research led by many scientists worldwide. The number of materials for printing is practically unlimited, especially considering the independent production of filaments or their modification, which is becoming easier and is more available for research institutions. One popular and economic printing technique using polymers is the fused deposition modeling (FDM)/Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) technology.
  • 497
  • 25 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Specification of Glazings for Façades
The correct specification of glazings for façades can reduce the energy consumption in buildings. The heat exchange occurs through transparent surfaces and radiation reaches the building as light and heat. Therefore, glazings significantly contribute to the heat transfer between outdoor and indoor spaces and act directly on daylighting and thermal comfort. The selection of glazings should be a careful process of evaluation and weighing of tradeoffs. Among the characteristics required for the specification of transparent materials, the spectrophotometric behavior is an important factor to be considered, as it enables improvements in the thermal and visual comfort of a building.
  • 489
  • 28 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Thermal Stability of Layered LTMO2
Layered lithium transition metal (TM) oxides LiTMO2 (TM = Ni, Co, Mn, Al, etc.) are the most promising cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries because of their high energy density, good rate capability and moderate cost. However, the safety issue arising from the intrinsic thermal instability of nickel-based cathode materials is still a critical challenge for further applications in electric vehicles and energy storage power stations.
  • 484
  • 15 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Mechanism of Diffusion Bonding
Critical aspects of innovative design in engineering disciplines like infrastructure, transportation, and medical applications require the joining of dissimilar materials. Welding and brazing, while widely used, may pose challenges when joining materials with large differences in melting temperature and can lead to mechanical property degradation. In contrast, diffusion bonding offers a lower temperature process that relies on solid-state interactions to develop bond strength. The joining of tungsten and steel, especially for fusion reactors, presents a unique challenge due to the significant disparity in melting temperatures and the propensity to form brittle intermetallics. Here, diffusion characteristics of tungsten–steel interfaces are examined and the influence of bonding parameters on mechanical properties are investigated. Additionally, CALPHAD modeling is employed to explore joining parameters, thermal stability, and diffusion kinetics. The insights from this research can be extended to join numerous dissimilar materials for specific applications such as aerospace, automobile industry, power plants, etc., enabling advanced and robust design with high efficiency.
  • 483
  • 17 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Nanomaterials for IoT Sensing Platforms and Point-of-Care Applications
Herein, state-of-the-art research advances in South Korea regarding the development of chemical sensing materials and fully integrated Internet of Things (IoT) sensing platforms were comprehensively reviewed for verifying the applicability of such sensing systems in point-of-care testing (POCT). Various organic/inorganic nanomaterials were synthesized and characterized to understand their fundamental chemical sensing mechanisms upon exposure to target analytes. Moreover, the applicability of nanomaterials integrated with IoT-based signal transducers for the real-time and on-site analysis of chemical species was verified. 
  • 477
  • 17 Jan 2022
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