Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort:
Hottest Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Type:
All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Grapevine Relevance and Grapevine in near East Origins
The origins of the main cultivar groups of Vitis vinifera, their relationships with wild grapevine populations, and the use of other Vitaceae are relevant issues for the improvement and conservation of Vitis diversity. Morphometric studies, domestication indices, multivariate analyses, and Bayesian hypothesis testing have been used. 
  • 453
  • 28 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Genomes and the Evolution of the Zygomycetes
The first genome sequence of a zygomycete fungus was from a clinical strain of Rhizopus delemar that was isolated from a patient with mucormycosis—a highly destructive and lethal infection that is typically seen in immunocompromised hosts. Sequencing of the R. delemar genome was driven from the clinical perspective, but it also provided the first genome of a fungus outside of the Dikarya.
  • 482
  • 28 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Nanocellulose Functional Material
Nanocellulose is generally defined as cellulose particles or fibers with dimensions in the nanometer range. It can be derived from different cellulose sources, such as wood pulp, agricultural residues, or bacterial cultures, using various methods including mechanical treatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, or chemical processes.
  • 531
  • 28 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Biology and Behavior of Western Flower Thrips
The western flower thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande, is a significant agricultural pest that challenges crop production. WFT are tiny insects that feed on various plants, causing damage that affects crop yield and quality. Effective control strategies are necessary to mitigate their impact.
  • 219
  • 28 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Ultrastructural Features of the Blood-Brain Barrier
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a dynamic barrier separating neurocytes and brain tissues from blood that is extremely sealed and strictly regulated by transporters such as aquaporin-4 (AQP-4), glucose transporter (GLUT), and specialized tight junctional complexes (TJCs) including tight junctions (TJs), adherens junctions (AJs), and Zonulae occludens (ZOs). With specifically selective transcellular and paracellular permeability, the BBB maintains a homeostatic microenvironment to protect the central nervous system (CNS).
  • 369
  • 27 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Plant Invaders
Non-indigenous species are species distributed outside their historic and native range. It has been proposed that a non-indigenous species must go through three stages to become invasive. Firstly, individuals of the species must disperse from their native range to a new area. Secondly, after the introduction, the individuals must survive and reproduce in the new area and become established. Thirdly, once established, the non-indigenous species will increase in number, expand its geographic range, and become a threat to the ecosystem, i.e., become invasive. Thus, the success of invasion depends on the combination of dispersal and demography in a non-native region, and these are affected by the processes of post-dispersal adaptation, genetic diversity, and phenotypic plasticity. However, these processes are not well understood. However, it is well known that invasive species threaten native biodiversity. Based on evidence from metacommunity models, it has been shown that species introductions could disrupt species coexistence, generating extinction debts, especially when combined with other forms of anthropogenic environmental changes. Therefore, the control and eradication of invasive species are essential for the conservation of native species, biodiversity, and ecosystem function, e.g., plant–pollinator networks.
  • 304
  • 27 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Influence of Extracellular Vesicles on Lung Stromal Components
One of the common locations for breast cancer metastasis is the lung, which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Several studies have demonstrated that breast cancer-derived extracellular vesicles secreted from the primary breast tumor play a key role in establishing the lung pre-metastatic niche to support colonization of metastatic tumor cells. 
  • 248
  • 27 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4)/Lubricin in Gout
Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) is a mucinous glycoprotein secreted by synovial fibroblasts and superficial zone chondrocytes, released into synovial fluid, and adsorbed on cartilage and synovial surfaces. PRG4′s roles include cartilage boundary lubrication, synovial homeostasis, immunomodulation, and suppression of inflammation. PRG4 supplementation may offer a new therapeutic option for gout.
  • 272
  • 27 Jul 2023
Topic Review
SPARC Gene in Mesothelioma
The SPARC gene plays multiple roles in extracellular matrix synthesis and cell shaping, associated with tumor cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. The SPARC gene is also involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, which is a critical phenomenon leading to a more aggressive cancer cell phenotype. SPARC gene overexpression has shown to be associated with poor survival in the mesothelioma (MESO) cohort from the TCGA database, indicating that this gene may be a powerful prognostic factor in MESO. 
  • 355
  • 27 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Epigenetic and Metabolic Regulation of Macrophages during Gout
Metabolites are the substrate, intermediate, or final products of metabolic reactions that drive the function of a given cell in a particular time and context. Therefore, metabolites provide essential information about the connection between gene expression and the environment, and, as such, they are elegant disease biomarkers. Macrophages represent an elegant model for understanding histone dynamics, transcription factor recruitment, and changes in gene expression during signal transduction by environmental signals.
  • 240
  • 27 Jul 2023
  • Page
  • of
  • 1815
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Books

>>
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of COVID-19
Encyclopedia of Fungi
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
ScholarVision Creations
Feedback