Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort:
Hottest Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Type:
All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Description and Phytoconstituents of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn.
Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn., also called the washnut, is a tropical tree of the Sapindaceae family. The plant owes its name to its cleaning and washing properties used by the local population as a natural detergent. The most important ingredients of the plant are triterpenoid saponins contained in many parts of the plant, inducing fruits, galls, or roots. The tree also contains other valuable, biologically active compounds that are obtained by extraction methods. Raw or purified extract and isolated saponins are valuable plant products that can be used in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and chemical industries.
  • 1.1K
  • 20 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Endoplasmic Reticulum-Related Protein Targeting and Protein Transport
Cells use an impressive array of components to enable the safe transport of protein cargo from the cytosolic ribosomes to the endoplasmic reticulum. Safety during the transit is warranted by the interplay of cytosolic chaperones, membrane receptors, and protein translocases that together form functional networks and serve as protein targeting and translocation routes. While two targeting routes to the endoplasmic reticulum, SRP (signal recognition particle) and GET (guided entry of tail-anchored proteins), prefer targeting determinants at the N- and C-terminus of the cargo polypeptide, respectively, the discovered SND (SRP-independent) route seems to preferentially cater for cargos with non-generic targeting signals that are less hydrophobic or more distant from the termini. 
  • 1.1K
  • 19 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Seaweeds of Poultry Feeds
Poultry are birds which render economic services to humans as a primary supplier of meat, egg and raw materials for different industries (feather, waste products, etc.), source of income and employment to people when compared to other domestic animals. Currently, there is an interest in the application of seaweeds in poultry nutrition. Seaweeds (called also macroalgae), which include green (Chlorophyceae), brown (Phaeophyceae) and red algae (Rhodophyceae), are a naturally occurring source of the biomass that develops in variable environments (results also from eutrophication) and is easily cultivated. Seaweeds as a rich source of bioactive compounds when included into feed can improve poultry health and performance as well as increase the quality of poultry products (eggs, meat).
  • 1.1K
  • 28 Aug 2020
Topic Review
Finger Millet Seed Coat
Finger millet (FM) is one of the little millets grown in Asia and Africa. Although still classified as an “orphan crop”, there is an increasing interest in the research of FM seed coat (FMSC), also known as bran. It houses 90% of the seed’s polyphenols and dietary fibre. 
  • 1.1K
  • 01 Dec 2022
Topic Review
List of Canis Species and Subspecies
Canis, the genus of mammals commonly known as wolves, dingos, dogs, coyotes, and jackals, contains several living species, many divided into numerous subspecies, as well as numerous recently extinct and extinct prehistoric species. Domestic dogs are not usually granted taxonomic variety names below the level of either their species name, or subspecies name so they do not appear here with their popular breed names as individual entries. The New Guinea singing dog and any other varieties of subspecies appear as individual entries here when their taxonomic considerations now suggest that they are varieties of subspecies other than domestic dogs, such as of dingoes. References for taxonomic classification, issues, and current considerations, especially in light of DNA revelations year to year, are found in the articles on individual canids; as this article is only a list, the extensive literature and specifics of these issues for each canid are beyond the scope of reference notes here. Furthermore, articles on the species in this list's section headings, and details of their evolutionary, divergent, interbreeding, geolocational and human-culture mediated shifts contain references on which this list relies when including and positioning its entries. References to this article are thus of two sorts, those pertaining to wholesale sourcing of entries, especially those that do not yet have their own Wikipedia articles, and the far more extensive references in existing Wikipedia articles for each entry, header species, and other relevant taxon.
  • 1.1K
  • 22 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Coronavirus Disease 19 Pathogenesis
The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is caused by the highly transmissible severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has affected the global population despite socioeconomic status and amazed surveillance agencies for its incidence, mortality, and recovery rates.
  • 1.1K
  • 09 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Biomass-Based Chemical Looping Gasification
Chemical Looping Gasification is a process allowing for the conversion of solid feedstock (e.g. biomass) into N2-free, high-calorific syngas or producer gas. The process utilizes the ability of so-called oxygen carriers (e.g. ilmenite, iron ore) to take up and release oxygen in oxidizing and reducing atmospheres, respectively. Employing this characteristic, the oxygen carrier is cycled between two or more reactors to transport oxygen into the so-called fuel reactor, where the inlet feedstock is firstly gasified using steam or CO2, before intermediate gaseous products (e.g. H2, CH4) are further oxidized by the oxygen carrier, providing additional process heat to drive the endothermic gasification reactions. The loop is then closed as the reduced oxygen carrier is re-oxidized in a so-called air reactor, using the oxygen contained in ambient air, resulting in a stream of pure nitrogen at the air reactor outlet.
  • 1.1K
  • 03 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Hepatitis C Virus
HCV leads to chronic infection in many patients that may progress to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The interferon (IFN) response is a critical component of the antiviral innate immune response against HCV infection. IFN signaling promotes the expression of many factors that can block the viral replication cycle. These IFN-induced antiviral factors can act at every level of HCV infection by decreasing viral entry, replication, transcription, translation, packaging and release. However, the antiviral state can generate significant collateral damage to the cell, requiring very tight control over the magnitude and duration of the IFN response. This is partially achieved through IFN-mediated negative self-regulation that helps in the termination of the IFN response and the return to homeostasis. However, these negative regulatory mechanisms can be hijacked by HCV to increase viral replication and promote productive infections.
  • 1.1K
  • 28 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Modern Seed Technology
There are three major types of seed treating/coating equipment: dry powder applicator, rotary pan, and pelleting pan with the provisions to apply dry powders, liquids, or a combination of both. Additional terms for coatings produced from these types of equipment include dry coating, seed dressing, film coating, encrustments, and seed pelleting. The seed weight increases for these different coating methods ranges from <0.05% to >5000% (>100,000-fold range). 
  • 1.1K
  • 08 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Serotonin and Melatonin Biosynthesis in Plants
Serotonin (Ser) and melatonin (Mel) serve as master regulators of plant growth and development by influencing diverse cellular processes. The enzymes namely, tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC) and tryptamine 5-hydroxylase (T5H) catalyse the formation of Ser from tryptophan. Subsequently, serotonin N-acetyl transferase (SNAT) and acetyl-serotonin methyltransferase (ASMT) form Mel from Ser. Plant genomes harbour multiple genes for each of these four enzymes, all of which have not been identified yet. 
  • 1.1K
  • 16 Nov 2021
  • Page
  • of
  • 1748
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Books

>>
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of COVID-19
Encyclopedia of Fungi
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
ScholarVision Creations
Feedback