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All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Primary Care for Oral Health
The International Dental Federation (IDF) defines oral health as “multi-faceted and included the ability to speak, smile, smell, taste, touch, chew, swallow and convey a range of emotions through facial expressions with confidence and without pain, discomfort, and craniofacial complex diseases”. The IDF definition integrates oral health with general health, demonstrating that it affects overall health and well-being. Therefore, increasing awareness about the different dimensions of oral health and how they change over time empowers people by recognizing that values, perceptions, and expectations influence its outcomes.
  • 319
  • 09 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Plant-Based Antimicrobials against Periodontitis
eriodontal diseases and dental caries are the most common infectious oral diseases impacting oral health globally. Oral cavity health is crucial for enhancing life quality since it serves as the entranceway to general health. The oral microbiome and oral infectious diseases are strongly correlated. Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria have been associated with periodontal diseases. Due to the shortcomings of several antimicrobial medications frequently applied in dentistry, the lack of resources in developing countries, the prevalence of oral inflammatory conditions, and the rise in bacterial antibiotic resistance, there is a need for reliable, efficient, and affordable alternative solutions for the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases. Several accessible chemical agents can alter the oral microbiota, although these substances also have unfavorable symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, and tooth discoloration. Natural phytochemicals generated from plants that have historically been used as medicines are categorized as prospective alternatives due to the ongoing quest for substitute products.
  • 368
  • 07 Jun 2023
Topic Review
5-Aminolevulinic Acid Photodynamic Therapy in Cancer Treatment
5-aminolevulinic acid-photodynamic therapy (5-ALA-PDT) is a therapeutic option for a variety of cutaneous and internal malignancies. PDT uses a photosensitizer that, activated by light in the presence of molecule oxygen, forms ROS, which are responsible for the apoptotic activity of the malignant tissues. 5-ALA is usually used as an endogenous pro-photosensitizer because it is converted to Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), which enters into the process of heme synthesis and contextually becomes a photosensitizer, radiating a red fluorescent light. PDT has the benefit of being administered before or after chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery, without impairing the efficacy of these treatment techniques. Furthermore, sensitivity to PDT is unaffected by the negative effects of chemotherapy or radiation. 
  • 574
  • 30 May 2023
Topic Review
Periodontitis in Pregnant Women
Periodontitis develops in 11% of pregnant women, and it is independently linked to severe complications during pregnancy such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and gestational diabetes. Periodontal disease appears to be associated with adverse events in pregnancy due to the transport of biofilm bacteria into the bloodstream and into placental tissue; what would cause adverse events is the body’s immune response to infection.
  • 250
  • 29 May 2023
Topic Review
Full-Digital Customized Meshes in Guided Bone Regeneration
Meshes, especially titanium ones, are being widely applied in oral surgery. In guided bone regeneration (GBR) procedures, their use is often paired with membranes, being resorbable or non-resorbable. However, they present some limitations, such as difficulty in the treatment of severe bone defects, alongside frequent mesh exposure. Customized meshes, produced by a full-digital process, have been recently introduced in GBR procedures. The main findings in recent years of clinical trials regarding patient-specific mesh produced by CAD/CAM and 3D printing workflow, made in titanium or even PEEK, applied to GBR surgeries, are described. The purpose is to analyze their clinical management, advantages, and complications. 
  • 322
  • 26 May 2023
Topic Review
CBCT for Sinus Floor Elevation Procedures
Sinus floor elevation (SFE) is a standard surgical technique used to compensate for alveolar bone resorption in the posterior maxilla. Such a surgical procedure requires radiographic imaging pre- and postoperatively for diagnosis, treatment planning, and outcome assessment. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has become a well-established imaging modality in the dentomaxillofacial region. The research is aimed to provide clinicians with an overview of the role of three-dimensional (3D) CBCT imaging for diagnostics, treatment planning, and postoperative monitoring of SFE procedures. 
  • 412
  • 26 May 2023
Topic Review
3D-Printed Splints Therapy for Temporomandibular Disorders
In the field of dentistry, digital technology is developing very quickly. There is an increasing demand for the most efficient use of expensive digital equipment. More and more dental practices are using digital scanners and digital facebows. It is an excellent option to improve 3D splint therapy in temporomandibular disorders. Dental offices and dental laboratories will rapidly adopt 3D-printed orthodontic appliances. The benefits are its accuracy and a light workload. It is precise, long-lasting, less expensive and quicker than the conventional method.
  • 606
  • 25 May 2023
Topic Review
Peri-Implant Diseases
Dental implant-supported prostheses are a well-established rehabilitation treatment for partially or completely edentulous patients that restore function and esthetics while having long-term survival rates. The tissues surrounding osseointegrated dental implants are referred to as peri-implant tissues, consisting of soft and hard tissue parts. The soft tissue part forms following the placement of implant/abutment during the wound healing and is known as “peri-implant mucosa,” while the hard tissue part makes contact with the implant surface to ensure implant stability.
  • 364
  • 25 May 2023
Topic Review
Role of Oral Microbiome on Oral Cancer
Oral cancer (OC) is the most common neoplasm in the head and neck region. OCs are defined as cancers of the tongue, the floor of the oral cavity, the lining of the cheeks, the roof of the oral cavity, the gums, and the lips but do not include laryngeal and pharyngeal cancers. The majority of OCs comprise oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). The oral microbiome hosts more than 750 common oral species. A healthy microbiome usually consists of Streptococci, Staphylococci, Neisseria species, and about 50 other aerobes. The consensus is that a normal mouth microbiome consists mainly of aerobes, while the percentage of anaerobes increases with OC (and other pathological oral conditions). The connection that exists between microbes and carcinoma is complex and influenced by a number of factors, such as the vulnerability and genetic makeup of the host, as well as environmental conditions, including the host’s dietary regime, oral hygiene, and tobacco and alcohol use.
  • 422
  • 19 May 2023
Topic Review
Dental Fiber-Post Systems
The field of dental medicine is constantly evolving and advancing toward minimally invasive techniques. Several studies have demonstrated that bonding to the tooth structure, particularly enamel, yields the most predictable results. In some instances, however, significant tooth loss, pulpal necrosis, or irreversible pulpitis may limit the options available to the restorative dentist. In these cases, placement of a post and core followed by a crown is the preferred treatment option, provided all requirements are met.
  • 600
  • 19 May 2023
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