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Topic Review
History of Natural Resource Management in Ethiopia
Ethiopia has undulating mountainous landscapes and volcanic soils. The rainfall in Ethiopia has large drop sizes and high kinetic energy. These terrain properties and rainfall characteristics induce high water erosion in Ethiopia. The mean annual soil erosion from actually measured catchments ranges from 15 Mt ha−1 y−1 to 17 Mt ha−1 y−1, which is higher than the global average of 12–15 Mt ha−1 y−1. 
  • 1.5K
  • 26 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Schizochytrium.: Game-Changer in Rumen Bacteriome
The inclusion of microalgae on ruminants' diets appears to be a promising feeding strategy to enrich milk with beneficial biomolecules such as ω3 fatty acids. However, radical alterations could occur in both structure and biochemistry potential of the rumen microbiome.
  • 1.5K
  • 16 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Generating Interior Design from Text
Because interior design is subject to inefficiency, more creativity is imperative. Due to the development of artificial intelligence diffusion models, the utilization of text descriptions for the generation of creative designs has become a novel method for solving the aforementioned problem.
  • 1.5K
  • 15 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Acute Fatigue and Cognitive Performance in Team Sports
Fatigue caused by exercise or mentally demanding tasks can lead to an alteration in the cognitive functioning of athletes. I is important to investigate whether and to what extent fatigue influences athletes cognitive performance in sports with high cognitive demands. Prolonged exercise causes a decline in the decision-making, attention, and perception abilities of players. Accuracy of sport-specific tasks with cognitive components included rather deteriorated after both exercise and mental fatigue inducement. However, alteration of players cognitive performance depends on the intensity and duration of fatigue-inducing tasks. 
  • 1.5K
  • 24 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Centromere Flexibility
Centromeres are the complex structures responsible for the proper segregation of chromosomes during cell division. Structural or functional alterations of the centromere cause aneuploidies and other chromosomal aberrations that can induce cell death with consequences on health and survival of the organism as a whole. Because of their essential function in the cell, centromeres have evolved high flexibility and mechanisms of tolerance to preserve their function following stress, whether it is originating from within or outside the cell.Despite the differences in DNA sequences, protein composition and centromere size, all of these diverse centromere structures promote efficient chromosome segregation, balancing genome stability and adaptability, and ensuring faithful genome inheritance at each cellular generation.
  • 1.5K
  • 03 Aug 2020
Topic Review
Therapeutic Antibodies Targeting Glycosylation
We generated a platform for designing optimized functional therapeutic antibodies against cancer glycans. The target tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen is commonly expressed in colon and pancreatic cancers. We developed a system for selection of potent antibodies by yeast surface display against this carbohydrate antigen, then showed that elite clones have potent affinity, specificity, cancer cell binding, and therapeutic efficacy. These tools have broad utility for manipulating and engineering antibodies against carbohydrate antigens, and provide major innovative avenues of research in the field of cancer therapy and diagnostics.
  • 1.5K
  • 20 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Anterior-Segment Optical-Coherence Tomography
Anterior-segment optical-coherence tomography (AS-OCT) is used to assess the iridocorneal angle and its alterations. The introduction of AS-OCT has led to improved assessments of the anatomy of the iridocorneal-angle and diagnoses of several mechanisms of angle closure which often result in raised intraocular pressure (IOP). Continuous advancements in AS-OCT technology and software, along with an extensive research in the field, have resulted in a wide range of possible parameters that may be used to diagnose and follow up on patients with this spectrum of diseases. However, the clinical relevance of such variables needs to be explored thoroughly.
  • 1.5K
  • 14 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Printed Humidity Sensors
Printing technologies have been attracting increasing interest in the manufacture of electronic devices and sensors. They offer a unique set of advantages such as additive material deposition and low to no material waste, digitally-controlled design and printing, elimination of multiple steps for device manufacturing, wide material compatibility and large scale production to name but a few.
  • 1.5K
  • 24 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Reproductive Management of Farm Animals
Reproductive efficiency of farm animals has central consequences on productivity and profitability of livestock farming systems. Optimal reproductive management is based on applying different strategies, including biological, hormonal, nutritional strategies, as well as reproductive disease control.
  • 1.5K
  • 13 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Skeletal Fluorosis
Fluorine is widely dispersed in nature and has multiple physiological functions. Although it is usually regarded as an essential trace element for humans, this view is not held universally. Moreover, chronic fluorosis, mainly characterized by skeletal fluorosis, can be induced by long-term excessive fluoride consumption. High concentrations of fluoride in the environment and drinking water are major causes, and patients with skeletal fluorosis mainly present with symptoms of osteosclerosis, osteochondrosis, osteoporosis, and degenerative changes in joint cartilage. Etiologies for skeletal fluorosis have been established, but the specific pathogenesis is inconclusive. Currently, active osteogenesis and accelerated bone turnover are considered critical processes in the progression of skeletal fluorosis. In recent years, researchers have conducted extensive studies in fields of signaling pathways (Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Hedgehog, parathyroid hone, and insulin signaling pathways), stress pathways (oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways), epigenetics (DNA methylation and non-coding RNAs), and their inter-regulation involved in the pathogenesis of skeletal fluorosis.
  • 1.5K
  • 11 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency V2X Communications
Vehicular communication is a promising technology that has been announced as a main use-case of the fifth-generation cellular system (5G). Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) is the vehicular communication paradigm that enables the communications and interactions between vehicles and other network entities, e.g., road-side units (RSUs). This promising technology faces many challenges related to reliability, availability and security of the exchanged data. 
  • 1.5K
  • 07 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Lipid Metabolism and Acylglycerolphosphate Acyltransferases (AGPATs) in Cancer
Alter lipid metabolism is an emerging hallmark of cancer. The conversion of fatty acids to neutral triacylglycerides (TAG), plays a central role in this adaptive process.  Acylglycerolphosphate acyltransferases (AGPATs)/lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferases (LPAATs) are a family of enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of phosphatidic acid (PA), an intermediate in TAG synthesis, a signaling molecule, and a precursor of phospholipids. Importantly, the expression of AGPATs has been linked to diverse physiological and pathological phenotypes, including cancer.
  • 1.5K
  • 20 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Business Incubators, Accelerators, and Performance of Technology-Based Ventures
Considering the turbulence existent in the entrepreneurial process of creation, survival, the management of new technology based ventures, and the increasingly important role played by both business incubators (BI) and business accelerators (BA), there is a need to better understand the portfolio of services supplied by this type of support structures and the needs of the companies that demand for a set of diversified services, which are not easily represented and typified in the reference literature.
  • 1.5K
  • 01 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Vascularization and Cancer Biology
Vascularization is another hallmark of cancer, whereby cancer cells promote the formation of blood vessels to deliver nutrients for fast-growing solid tumors. The most well-known process of vascularization is angiogenesis. In normal cells and tissues, the angiogenesis is a controlled process that is turned on or off depending on the needs of the cells; however, in cancerous cells and tumors, the angiogenesis process is continuous and there is a dysregulation of pro- and antiangiogenesis factors . This continuous activation of angiogenesis allows the cancer cells to form blood vessels to obtain sufficient nutrients for continuous growth and proliferation. There are other ways tumors can achieve vascularization, such as vascular co-option, intussusceptive microvascular growth and vasculogenic mimicry.
  • 1.5K
  • 22 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Urban Ecosystem Models
Urban ecosystem services provide many benefits for human beings. Given the dramatic increase of urbanization, maintaining sustainability of cities relies heavily on ecosystem services, and it is crucial for quantifying, managing, and optimizing urban ecosystem services to promote social and ecological sustainable development. 
  • 1.5K
  • 22 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Social Media Addiction during COVID-19
In the early stages of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, national lockdowns and stay-at-home orders were implemented by many countries to curb the rate of infection. An extended stay-at-home period can frustrate people’s need for relatedness, with many turning to social media to interact with others in the outside world. However, social media use may be maladaptive due to its associations with social media addiction and psychosocial problems.
  • 1.5K
  • 24 Apr 2022
Biography
Leslie E. Robertson
Leslie Earl Robertson (born February 12, 1928) is an American engineer. He was the lead structural engineer of the Twin Towers of the original World Trade Center in New York City .[1] He has since been structural engineer on numerous other projects, including the Shanghai World Financial Center and the Bank of China Tower in Hong Kong. Robertson's engineering career began in 1952, when he gra
  • 1.5K
  • 27 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Artificial Intelligence in Pain Detection
Pain is a complex and subjective experience, and traditional methods of pain assessment can be limited by factors such as self-report bias and observer variability. AI-based voice analysis can be an effective tool for pain detection in adult patients with various types of pain, including chronic and acute pain. 
  • 1.5K
  • 25 Apr 2023
Topic Review
TiO2 Photocatalysis
Catalysis on TiO2 nanomaterials in the presence of H2O and oxygen plays a crucial role in the advancement of many different fields, such as clean energy technologies, catalysis, disinfection, and bioimplants. Photocatalysis on TiO2 nanomaterials is well-established and has advanced in the last decades in terms of the understanding of its underlying principles and improvement of its efficiency. 
  • 1.5K
  • 17 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Extended Reality Technology in Architectural Design Education
With the emergence of Architecture 4.0 and the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic, extended reality (XR) technology has been increasingly applied in architectural education. This study aims to systematically organize and analyze the applications and outcomes of XR technology in construction education over the past five years, provide a theoretical framework for its future widespread use, and highlight its drawbacks as well as future research directions.
  • 1.5K
  • 27 Nov 2023
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