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Topic Review
Important Plant Viruses for Plant Biotechnology
Plant viruses have traditionally been studied as pathogens in the context of understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms of a particular disease affecting crops. In recent years, viruses have emerged as a new alternative for producing biological nanomaterials and chimeric vaccines. Plant viruses were also used to generate highly efficient expression vectors, revolutionizing plant molecular farming (PMF). 
  • 1.6K
  • 18 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Side-striped Jackal
The Side-striped Jackal (Canis adustus) is a medium-sized carnivore native to sub-Saharan Africa. Identified by the distinct white stripe running along its flanks, this adaptable canid inhabits a variety of habitats, demonstrating omnivorous feeding habits and a complex social structure within its family groups.
  • 1.6K
  • 04 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Ebola Virus
Viral protein VP24 (VP24) from Ebola virus (EBOV) has been termed the minor matrix protein but its lipid-binding properties have not been investigated. Here, we found that VP24 lacks direct lipid-binding properties regardless of post-translational modification. VP24 interaction with the major matrix protein VP40 and selective plasma membrane localization were not detected, suggesting VP24 biological functions are not likely dependent on direct lipid binding.
  • 1.6K
  • 26 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Super-Resolution Microscopy
SRM comprises optical imaging techniques that offer resolution beyond the diffraction limit of light (~250 nm).
  • 1.6K
  • 10 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Microcellular Injection Moulding
Microcellular injection moulding (MuCell®) is a polymer processing technology that uses a supercritical fluid inert gas, CO2 or N2, to produce light-weight products. Due to environmental pressures and the requirement of light-weight parts with good mechanical properties, this technology recently gained significant attention. However, poor surface appearance and limited mechanical properties still prevent the wide applications of this technique.
  • 1.6K
  • 16 Aug 2021
Topic Review
High-Pressure-Processing affecting antioxidant in Fruit Products
Fruits and fruit products are an essential part of the human diet. Their health benefits are directly related to their content of valuable bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, anthocyanins, or vitamins. Heat treatments allow the production of stable and safe products; however, their sensory quality and chemical composition are subject to significant negative changes. The use of emerging non-thermal technologies, such as HPP (High Pressure Processing), has the potential to inactivate the microbial load while exerting minimal effects on the nutritional and organoleptic properties of food products. HPP is an adequate alternative to heat treatments and simultaneously achieves the purposes of preservation and maintenance of freshness characteristics and health benefits of the final products. However, compounds responsible for antioxidant activity can be significantly affected during treatment and storage of HPP-processed products. Therefore, this article reviews the effect of HPP treatment and subsequent storage on the antioxidant and on the total phenolic, flavonoid, carotenoid, anthocyanin and vitamin contents of fruits and different processed fruit-based products.
  • 1.6K
  • 11 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Synthesis of Doped/Hybrid Carbon Dots
Carbon dots (CDs) are a novel type of carbon-based nanomaterial that has gained considerable attention for their unique optical properties, including tunable fluorescence, stability against photobleaching and photoblinking, and strong fluorescence, which is attributed to a large number of organic functional groups (amino groups, hydroxyl, ketonic, ester, and carboxyl groups, etc.). In addition, they also demonstrate high stability and electron mobility. The doping of CDs with organic and inorganic atoms and molecules leads to their functionalization to obtain desired physical and chemical properties for biomedical applications. 
  • 1.6K
  • 22 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Sulfated Polysaccharides from Seaweeds
Sulfated polysaccharides derived from seaweeds, considered a potential source of bioactive compounds for drug development, have shown antiviral activity against a broad spectrum of viruses, mainly including common DNA viruses and RNA viruses. In addition, sulfated polysaccharides can also improve the body’s immunity. Sulfated polysaccharides from seaweeds, including carrageenan, galactan, fucoidan, alginate, ulvan, p-KG03, naviculan, and calcium spirulan, may provide new ideas for the development of COVID-19 therapeutics and vaccines.
  • 1.6K
  • 16 May 2022
Topic Review
Neurotoxicity in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treatment
Immunotherapy is a milestone in the treatment of poor-prognosis pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and is expected to improve treatment outcomes and reduce doses of conventional chemotherapy without compromising the effectiveness of the therapy. However, both chemotherapy and immunotherapy cause side effects, including neurological ones. 
  • 1.6K
  • 17 May 2022
Topic Review
Fracture Toughness of FRP Composites Using Short Fibers
Fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) composite laminates are widely used in the aerospace field, automotive industry, wind power generation, and civil infrastructure because of their lightweight and relatively high strength characteristics. Interlaminar fracture toughness (ILFT) is a quantitative measure of the ability of composite laminates to resist crack extension and an estimate of material toughness. 
  • 1.6K
  • 31 May 2022
Topic Review
IBM Spectrum Control
IBM Spectrum Control formerly known as Tivoli Storage Productivity Center (TPC) is a Storage Resource Management (SRM) software offering that provides a centralized point of control for managing large-scale, complex heterogeneous storage environments. IBM Tivoli Storage Productivity Center V5.2.x (5608-PC1) was renamed in V5.2.8 to IBM Spectrum Control Standard Edition V5.2.x (5608-PC1).
  • 1.6K
  • 17 Oct 2022
Topic Review
How Not to Be Wrong
How Not to Be Wrong: The Power of Mathematical Thinking, written by Jordan Ellenberg, is a New York Times Best Selling book that connects various economic and societal philosophies with basic mathematics and statistical principles.
  • 1.6K
  • 09 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Quality Control in the Resistance Spot Welding Process
Resistance spot welding (RSW) is a process characterized by its high speed and adaptability for automation that renders it suitable for mass production. 
  • 1.6K
  • 11 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Salmonella Biofilm Formation Process
Salmonella can form biofilms that contribute to its resistance in food processing environments. Biofilms are a dense population of cells that adhere to the surface, creating a matrix composed of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) consisting mainly of polysaccharides, proteins, and extracellular DNA (eDNA). 
  • 1.6K
  • 13 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron
Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) as a kind of emerging remedial material is used for contaminated soil, which can quickly and effectively degrade and remove pollutants such as organic halides, nitrates and heavy metals in soil, respectively.
  • 1.6K
  • 30 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Metal Oxide-Based Photocatalysis
The improper disposal of toxic and carcinogenic organic substances resulting from the manufacture of dyes, drugs and pesticides can contaminate aquatic environments and potable water resources and cause serious damage to animal and human health and to the ecosystem. In this sense, heterogeneous photocatalysis stand out as one effective and cost-effective water depollution technique. The use of metal oxide nanocomposites (MON), from the mixture of two or more oxides or between these oxides and other functional semiconductor materials, have gained increasing attention from researchers and industrial developers as a potential alternative to produce efficient and environmentally friendly photocatalysts for the remediation of water contamination by organic compounds.
  • 1.6K
  • 08 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Molecular Hybridization of Alkaloids Using 1,2,3-Triazole-Based Click Chemistry
Alkaloids found in multiple species, known as ‘driver species’, are more likely to be included in early-stage drug development due to their high biodiversity compared to rare alkaloids. Many synthetic approaches have been employed to hybridize the natural alkaloids in drug development. Click chemistry is a highly efficient and versatile reaction targeting specific areas, making it a valuable tool for creating complex natural products and diverse molecular structures. It has been used to create hybrid alkaloids that address their limitations and serve as potential drugs that mimic natural products.
  • 1.6K
  • 22 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) Resources in China
Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), as an economically and ecologically valuable plant with rich nutritional and bioactive compounds, has garnered significant interest. The demand for Sea buckthorn has explosive growth, highlighting the urgent need for the cultivation of fast-growing, high-quality Sea buckthorn seedlings. However, there are still some controversies in Sea buckthorn germplasm resource research.
  • 1.6K
  • 28 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Molecular Iodine Capture by Covalent Organic Frameworks
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of extended crystalline porous polymers that possess unique architectures with high surface areas, long-range order, and permanent porosity. It is known that the possible radioactive iodine species in the environment are iodate (IO3−), molecular iodine (I2), and organic iodine species (e.g., methyl iodide (CH3I) and ethyl iodide (CH3CH2I)). Different iodine species need to be handled in different ways.
  • 1.6K
  • 14 Feb 2023
Topic Review
De Novo Synthesized Estradiol
The estrogen estradiol is a potent neuroactive steroid that may regulate brain structure and function. Although the eff ects of estradiol have been historically associated with gonadal secretion, the discovery that this steroid may be synthesized within the brain has expanded this traditional concept. Indeed, it is accepted that de novo synthesized estradiol in the nervous system (nE2) may modulate several aspects of neuronal physiology, including synaptic transmission and plasticity, thereby influencing a variety of behaviors. These modulations may be on a time scale of minutes via non-classical and often membrane-initiated mechanisms or hours and days by classical actions on gene transcription. Besides the high level, recent investigations in the cerebellum indicate that even a low aromatase expression can be related to the fast nE2 eff ect on brain functioning. These pieces of evidence point to the importance of an on-demand and localized nE2 synthesis to rapidly contribute to regulating synaptic transmission. This review is geared at exploring a new scenario for the impact of estradiol on brain processes as it emerges from the nE2 action on cerebellar neurotransmission and cerebellum-dependent learning.
  • 1.6K
  • 30 Oct 2020
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