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Topic Review
Factors Related to Fintech Adoption
Technology in general, and information and communication technologies (ICT) specifically, have directly impacted all facets of human life, from innovation processes that affect the economy and industrial and organizational dynamics to important advances in different sectors. Such is the case in the financial sector, where emerging disruptive technologies such as financial technologies (Fintech) are adding elements of ease and speed to the different transactions carried out in that sector.
  • 1.7K
  • 02 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Pavo
Pavo, Latin for "peacock," is a small but distinct constellation in the southern sky. Representing the majestic bird from ancient mythology, Pavo is notable for its compact arrangement of stars and its proximity to the south celestial pole, making it a prominent feature of the southern hemisphere's night sky.
  • 1.7K
  • 15 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Water Service Provision
The controversy between the performance of public and private ownership of water and wastewater services is common worldwide. In most cases, this discussion is biased due to ideological issues or insufficiency or inconsistency of information. This study aims to compare the performance of private water utilities with that of public water utilities, using rich, robust, and audited information from Portuguese operators. The benchmarking exercise focuses on three distinct areas, namely, the efficiency and effectiveness of the investments made, the quality of service provided, and the tariffs and prices implemented. From the analysis performed, it is concluded that, on average, the performance of private water utilities exceeds that of public water utilities, and prejudice in most cases is unjustified regarding private ownership. Anyway, water, as an essential service, should always be provided, regardless of utility ownership.
  • 1.7K
  • 27 Oct 2020
Topic Review
TGFB3 Gene
Transforming growth factor beta 3: The TGFB3 gene provides instructions for producing a protein called transforming growth factor beta-3 (TGFβ-3).
  • 1.7K
  • 25 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Ramp Metering
Ramp meters are traffic signals installed on freeway ramps to control the frequency at which vehicles enter the flow of traffic.
  • 1.7K
  • 18 Mar 2021
Topic Review
Wines' Volatile and Non-Volatile Characterization
Phenolic and volatile compounds have been the most common variables studied in wines due to their importance in chemical, physical and sensory properties. Phenolic compounds come from grapes and oak wood of the barrels where wines are aged and affect color and gustatory properties of wines, such as astringency, bitterness and structure.
  • 1.7K
  • 13 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Efficient Real-Time Decision Making in IoT
Efficient Real-Time Decision Making in IoT(the Internet of Things) is about using real-time sensor data, using fresh sensor data that represent the current real-world status to minimize.          
  • 1.7K
  • 09 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Immunotherapy-Based Treatment Strategy for Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells by their own immune system, resulting in lifelong insulin deficiency. Continuous exogenous insulin replacement therapy is the current standard of care for T1D. Transplantation of primary pancreatic islets or the entire pancreas is a viable remedy for managing patients with autoimmune T1D. However, this strategy is not feasible due to several obstacles, including a scarcity of donors, islet cells, and poor vascular engraftment of islets post-transplantation, as well as the need for prolonged immune suppression. 
  • 1.7K
  • 18 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Viewing Angle Switchable Liquid Crystal Devices
For pure liquid crystals (LCs) system, methods for switchable viewing angle devices are divided into hybrid aligned nematic (HAN) LC cells, double cells, pixel division and three-electrode structure. Utilizing 3M light-control film and PDLC film together to create switchable anti-peeping film, PDLC is a voltage-controlled LC film that can switch between transparent and scattering, light scattering intensity of PDLC film is dependent on electric field, switchable voltage between light scattering (share mode) and transparent state (privacy mode) is approximately 5.0 V.
  • 1.7K
  • 10 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Ultra-Dense Networks Taxonomy
Ultra-Dense Network (UDN) is a network with a spatial density of access points (APs) (or base stations) identical to or larger than the number of active end devices—EDs (user equipments (UEs) or physical devices (PDs)). UDNs can be seen as a network paradigm which can be implemented in the context of various kinds of wireless networks, such as sensor/IoT (Internet of Things) networks, mobile networks, aerial networks, and even satellite networks. 
  • 1.7K
  • 31 Jan 2023
Biography Video
F. Gregory Holland
F. Gregory Holland is an American composer, jazz guitarist musician, author, business professional, producer and publisher based in Milwaukee Wisconsin. Performing predominantly as a studio artist musician, Holland has arranged and produced numerous musical compositions for distribution and licensing. His International Standard Name Identifier as a contributor of musical works is: 0000 0004 7604
  • 1.7K
  • 11 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Pathophysiology of HFpEF
Heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is an increasingly frequent form and is estimated to be the dominant form of HF. On the other hand, HFpEF is a syndrome with systemic involvement, and it is characterized by multiple cardiac and extracardiac pathophysiological alterations.
  • 1.7K
  • 22 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Trade competition
We discuss the concept of trade competition and review the fundamental measures recently introduced in the literature to capture this concept in empirical terms. To that end, a modified version of the Krugman index is taken as starting point.  
  • 1.7K
  • 29 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Solar Envelopes
The increasing population density in urban areas simultaneously impacts the trend of energy consumption in building sectors and the urban heat island (UHI) effects of urban infrastructure. Accordingly, passive design strategies to create sustainable buildings play a major role in addressing these issues, while solar envelopes prove to be a relevant concept that specifically considers the environmental performance aspects of a proposed building given their local contexts. As significant advances have been made over the past decades regarding the development and implementation of computational solar envelopes, this study presents a comprehensive review of solar envelopes while specifically taking into account design parameters, digital tools, and the implementation of case studies in various contextual settings. This extensive review is conducted in several stages. First, an investigation of the scope and procedural steps of the review is conducted to frame the boundary of the topic to be analyzed within the conceptual framework of solar envelopes. Second, comparative analyses between categorized design methods in parallel with a database of design parameters are conducted, followed by an in-depth discussion of the criteria for the digital tools and case studies extracted from the selected references. Third, knowledge gaps are identified, and the future development of solar envelopes is discussed to complete the review. This study ultimately provides an inclusive understanding for designers and architects regarding the progressive methods of the development of solar envelopes during the conceptual design stage.
  • 1.7K
  • 25 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Polymeric Nanoparticles in Cardiovascular Diseases
Nanoparticles, including biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles, are able to increase the efficiency and reduce the degradability of natural polyphenols, thus increasing their beneficial abilities in the target tissues. Resveratrol-, quercetin-, or curcumin-loaded polymeric nanoparticles have been shown to markedly reduce reactive oxygen species formation, the inflammatory process, apoptosis, lipid peroxidation, cardiac hypertrophy, and even to delay myocardium injury due to ischemia/reperfusion. Thus, polymeric nanoparticles represent a promising tool for the delivery of natural polyphenols to target tissues and enhance their desirable effects in the cardiovascular system.
  • 1.7K
  • 27 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Coronavirus Disease 2019
Review of the effect of COVID-19 on pulmonary circulation
  • 1.7K
  • 20 Aug 2020
Topic Review
Carbohydrate-Based Ionic Liquids
Carbohydrate-derived ionic liquids with at least one ionic counterpart derived from carbohydrate precursor have been explored as bio-alternatives to conventional ionic liquids for over a decade. Since their discovery, significant progress has been made regarding synthetic methods, understanding their environmental impact, and developing perspectives on their potential applications. Carbohydrates can be converted into cations or anions for ILs through standard reactions that are already applied widely in carbohydrate chemistry. Most of the research on sugar-based ILs has focused on cation synthesis, though the most promising synthetic route towards ILs (in terms of the number of required synthetic steps) involves transforming carbohydrates into anions such as gluconate, glucuronate, or galacturonate. Moreover, functionalization of poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) with sugar moieties has also recently been investigated. The most common precursors for carbohydrate-derived ionic liquids include glucose, galactose, fructose, ribose, xylose, arabinose, isomannide, isosorbide, ribitol, and mannitol.
  • 1.7K
  • 04 Sep 2020
Topic Review
Tauopathies
Tauopathies are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the pathological accumulation of microtubule associated protein Tau (MAPT) in the form of neurofibrillary tangles and paired helical filaments in neurons and glia, leading to brain cell death. These diseases include frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and can be sporadic or inherited when caused by mutations in the MAPT gene. Despite an incredibly high socio-economic burden worldwide, there are still no effective disease-modifying therapies and few Tau-focused experimental drugs have reached clinical trials. One major hindrance for therapeutic development is the knowledge gap in molecular mechanisms of Tau-mediated neuronal toxicity and death. For the promise of precision medicine for brain disorders to be fulfilled, it is necessary to integrate known genetic causes of disease, i.e., MAPT mutations, with understanding of the dysregulated molecular pathways that constitute potential therapeutic targets. Here, the growing understanding of known and proposed mechanisms of disease etiology will be reviewed, together with promising experimental Tau-directed therapeutics, such as recently developed Tau degraders. A particular focus will be given to the application of patient-specific stem cell models to study disease, and a number ofCurrent challenges faced by the fields of Tau research and drug discovery will alsobe addressed, including Tau pathophysiology unanswered questions, limitations of model systems and current challenges faced in developing cell-permeable small molecules that target Tau in disease.
  • 1.7K
  • 07 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Climate Change and Society
Society is at an important intersection in dealing with the challenges of climate change, while the natural sciences are insufficient to deal with these challenges. Critical aspects of sociological perspectives related to climate change research are brought together in this review in the hope of fostering greater interdisciplinary collaboration between the natural and social sciences.
  • 1.7K
  • 22 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Bioavailability of Lingonberry Polyphenols
Lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea) is less prevalent in the daily human diet because they are collected from the wild, and plant breeding of lingonberry is still on a small scale. Lingonberries are classed as “superfruits” with the highest content of antioxidants among berries and a broad range of health-promoting effects. Many studies showed various beneficial effects of lingonberries, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. Lingonberries have been shown to prevent low-grade inflammation and diet-induced obesity in diabetic animals. Moreover, lingonberry intake has been associated with a beneficial effect on preventing and treating brain aging and neurodegenerative disorders.
  • 1.7K
  • 03 Jun 2021
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