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Topic Review
Precision Livestock Farming Research
Precision livestock farming (PLF) utilises information technology to continuously monitor and manage livestock in real-time, which can improve individual animal health, welfare, productivity and the environmental impact of animal husbandry, contributing to the economic, social and environmental sustainability of livestock farming.
  • 1.0K
  • 07 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Framework Proposal for Achieving Smart and Sustainable Societies
The proposed model is based on the integration of three smart strategies: (1) water provision that consists of the use of greywater and rainwater; (2) sanitation provision that comprises the nutrients recovery from excreta and organic solid waste and; (3) resource-oriented agriculture that conceives the use of the water provision system for the production of food with the use of nutrients recovered from the sanitation system. The S3 framework has the potential to increase the well-being, human development, water availability, food safety, poverty alleviation, and healthy environments of societies through the provision of safely managed basic services as well as the recycling of nutrients and water to achieve sustainability at household and community levels.
  • 1.0K
  • 29 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Mechanized Blossom Thinning in Orchards
Orchard thinning can avoid biennial bearing and improve fruit quality, which is a necessary agronomic section in orchard management. The existing methods of artificial fruit thinning and chemical spraying are no longer suitable for the development of modern agriculture. With the continuous acceleration of the construction process of modern orchards, blossom thinning mechanization has become an inevitable trend in the development of the orchard flower and fruit management.
  • 1.0K
  • 21 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Strategic Alliance for Resilience in Supply Chain
Resilience is a particularly important quality for supply chains in this turbulent environment. Resilience in the supply chain is the ability to retain, resume, and recover operations after an intense destructive incident. One of the strategic solutions for managing supply chain disruptions is to establish collaboration and strategic alliances in order to achieve competitive advantage. 
  • 989
  • 07 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Methods, Technologies, and Approaches to Monitoring PWS
Global climate change presents a threat for the environment, and it is aggravated by the mismanagement of water use in the agricultural sector. Since plants are the intermediate component of the soil–plant–atmosphere continuum, and their physiology is directly affected by water availability, plant-based approaches proved to be sensitive and effective in estimating plant water status and can be used as a possible water-saving strategy in crop irrigation scheduling. The plant water status (PWS) assessment is an approach that aims to help farmers elaborate an irrigation schedule as a possible water-saving strategy.
  • 988
  • 27 Sep 2022
Topic Review
HydroLab
HydroLab is a module designed to implement different fertigation strategies in two independent samples of plants.
  • 983
  • 14 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Payment for Ecosystem Services in Agricultural Water
The Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) concept was introduced to finance the drives that contribute to the flow of ESs. According to UNDP, in PES, the user or beneficiary of an Ecosystem Services (ESs) makes a direct or indirect payment to the provider of that service. Here, a program is set up where monetary value is created for ESs stemming from land management practices.
  • 973
  • 13 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Multispectral Imaging for Quality Determinations of White Meat
White meat is the nutritional term for lighter-colored meat that contains less myoglobin than red meat, which contains a great deal. White meat includes poultry (e.g., chicken, duck, goose and turkey), fish, reptiles (e.g., land snail), amphibians (e.g., frog), crustaceans (e.g., shrimp and crab) and bivalves (e.g., oyster and clam), but it excludes all mammal flesh such as beef, pork, and lamb. White meat has high nutritional value and plays an important role in human diet. The production and sale of white meat need to meet specific quality and safety standards. Fluorescence spectroscopy, color imaging and multispectral imaging (MSI) have emerged as effective analytical methods for the non-destructive detection of quality attributes of various white meat products such as fish, shrimp, chicken, duck and goose.
  • 966
  • 09 Feb 2022
Topic Review
The Applications of Peanut Meal and Its Hydrolysates
Peanut meal (PM) is a by-product of extracting oil from peanut kernels. Although peanut meal contains protein, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, and small amounts of polyphenols and fiber, it has long been used as a feed in the poultry and livestock industries due to its coarse texture and unpleasant taste. It is less commonly utilized in the food processing industry. In recent years, there has been an increasing amount of research conducted on the deep processing of by-products from oil crops, resulting in the high-value processing and utilization of by-products from various oil crops. These include peanut meal, which undergoes treatments such as enzymatic hydrolysis in industries like food, chemical, and aquaculture. The proteins, lipids, polyphenols, fibers, and other components present in these by-products and hydrolysates can be incorporated into products for further utilization.
  • 955
  • 18 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Interaction between Herbicides and the Nitrogen Cycle
The interaction of herbicides in the nitrogen cycle and their consequences on soil health and agricultural production are essential topics in agronomic research. 
  • 955
  • 06 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Climate Change and Citriculture on Citrus
A bibliometric analysis of climate change and citrus investigated this research domain's development and current trends. The period studied was from 1992 to 2022, resulting in 178 documents using the Scopus database. The most significant publishers' countries were also the largest citrus producers in the world, besides being G7 members. Three main research areas were identified: modeling, socio-political issues, and plant physiology. A tendency to change interest from modeling and risk analysis to physiology and stress studies was observed. Additionally, some of the most cited papers observed the positive impacts of climate change on certain citrus crops. Despite the multidisciplinary publications, two main gaps were identified: (i) the lack of investigations with combined stresses (abiotic and biotic) instead of isolated studies; and (ii) the lack of studies of predictive models for citrus production in different conditions and climate change scenarios. There was a tendency toward studying water use and irrigation alternatives due to water scarcity and management solutions to improve the production system's resilience, considering the potential impacts of climate change.
  • 944
  • 24 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Digital Twins Concept Integration in Livestock Farming
The potential application of the digital twins concept and its principles to all industries, including agriculture, has been the subject of considerable research interest. Since livestock farming is one of the mainstays of the agricultural industry, contributing to food security as well as employment and income generation, digital twins appear to be a promising technology to address issues related to the intensive nature of livestock production systems, which are typically characterized by high levels of input and output.
  • 944
  • 11 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Chemotherapy-Induced Ovarian Damage and Fertility Preservation
Chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage and fertility preservation in young patients with cancer are emerging disciplines. The mechanism of treatment-related gonadal damage provides important information for targeting prevention methods. 
  • 937
  • 25 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Designing Post COVID-19 Buildings
The COVID-19 pandemic forced the accessibility, social gathering, lifestyle, and working environment to be changed to reduce the infection. The current state-of-the-art engineering control preventive measures presented include ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI), bipolar ionization, vertical gardening, and indoor plants. They have potential to improve the indoor air quality.
  • 927
  • 20 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Microbial Food Safety and Sustainability
Improving the environmental sustainability of the food supply chain will help to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This environmental sustainability is related to different SDGs, but mainly to SDG 2 (Zero Hunger), SDG 12 (Responsible Production and Consumption), SDG 13 (Climate Action), and SDG 15 (Life on Land). The strategies and measures used to improve this aspect of the food supply chain must remain in balance with other sustainability aspects (economic and social).
  • 923
  • 02 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Pigs’ Physico-Temporal Activities
Animals exhibit their internal and external stimuli through changing behavior. Therefore, people intrinsically used animal physical activities as an indicator to determine their health and welfare status.
  • 914
  • 12 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Silicon Waveguide Grating Modulators
Silicon waveguide grating modulators are such silicon modulators with waveguide gratings introduced to the modulation regions. As a kind of period optical structure, the waveguide gratings in the modulator will generate slow light effect to increase the light-matter interaction. Through this approach, the modulation efficiency can be enhanced and a more compact modulator footprint can be obtained. Simultaneously, silicon waveguide grating modulators can be fabricated under CMOS process which have lower process requirements than silicon photonic crystal modulators. While maintaining high-speed performance and CMOS compatibility, silicon waveguide grating modulators have ultra-compact footprint compared with conventional silicon Mach-Zehnder modulators, which will play an important role in future high-density optoelectronic integration.
  • 909
  • 14 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Discrete Element Method in Soil–Plant–Machine Interactions
The discrete element method (DEM) is a promising numerical method that can simulate dynamic behaviors of particle systems at micro levels of individual particles and at macro levels of bulk material.
  • 899
  • 10 May 2023
Topic Review
Behavioral Research in Construction Engineering Management
In construction engineering, there are many interactive and decision-making behaviors which could affect the progress and final performance. Based on the people-oriented concept, managing construction engineering should not ignore the understanding of individual behavior, and neuropsychology provides a refined microscopic perspective.
  • 897
  • 31 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Use of Biofuels and (Bio)lubricants in Compression-Ignition Engines
The environmental sustainability of agricultural and industrial vehicles, as well as of the transportation sector, represents one of the most critical challenges to the sustainable development of a nation. In recent decades, compression-ignition engines have been widely used in on-road and off-road vehicles due to their better fuel economy, autonomy, compactness, and mechanical performance (spec. the high torque values). Due to the consistent environmental impact of fossil fuels, scientists are searching for alternative energy sources while preserving the beneficial features of diesel engines. The utilization of blends of diesel fuel, biodiesel, and bioethanol fuel (referred to as “ternary blends”) is among the most promising solutions for replacing fossil fuels in the near term, allowing, at the same time, us to continue using existing vehicles until new technologies are developed, consolidated and adapted to the agricultural and industrial sector. These ternary blends can lower exhaust emissions without creating major problems for existing fuel-feeding systems, typically designed for low-viscosity fossil fuels. One of the concerns in using liquid biofuels, specifically biodiesel, is the high chemical affinity with conventional and bio-based lubricants, so the main parameters of lubricants can vary significantly after a long operation of the engine. The technical challenges and the main research pathways are presented herein.
  • 896
  • 18 Jan 2024
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