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Topic Review
Artificial Intelligence for Smart Grids in Smart Manufacturing
Smart manufacturing is not only beneficial to optimize product manufacturing processes with minimum costs, but also conducts product life cycle management to reduce energy consumption. Sustainable and smart manufacturing involves improving the efficiency and environmental sustainability of various manufacturing operations such as resource allocation, data collecting and monitoring, and process control. 
  • 1.2K
  • 04 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Optimal Scheduling of Hydro-Wind-Solar Hybrid Systems
In order to establish a hydro-wind-solar hybrid system, the control of multiple power sources and the coordination and real-time scheduling between multiple power sources must be solved. The realization of a multi-energy complementary system first needs to pay attention to the form in which dozens or even hundreds of wind and solar power plants participate in power generation scheduling, how to predict and describe their power generation laws, and the risks brought about by their uncertainties, in addition to to paying attention to the coordinated operation of hydropower stations and large-scale wind power stations on multiple time scales.
  • 1.1K
  • 05 Dec 2022
Topic Review
State-of-the-Art Battery Disassembly towards Automation
As the market share of electric vehicles continues to rise, the number of battery systems that are retired after their service life in the vehicle will also increase. This large growth in battery returns will also have a noticeable impact on processes such as battery disassembly. Due to the significantly increasing return volumes of traction batteries in the near future, a substantial increase in the degree of automation in battery disassembly is required, especially with regard to a stable recycling input flow. 
  • 1.1K
  • 27 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Smart Pavement Data with Decision Support Systems
Nowadays, pavement management systems (PMS) are mainly based on monitoring processes that have been established for a long time, and strongly depend on acquired experience. However, with the emergence of smart technologies, such as internet of things and artificial intelligence, PMS could be improved by applying these new smart technologies to their decision support systems, not just by updating their data collection methodologies, but also their data analysis tools. The application of these smart technologies to the field of pavement monitoring and condition evaluation will undoubtedly contribute to more efficient, less costly, safer, and environmentally friendly methodologies.
  • 1.1K
  • 08 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Upper-Limb Physical Rehabilitation with Techology
The use of videogames and motion capture systems in physical rehabilitation contributes to the recovery of the patient, for this reason, there is a tendency to continue generating proposals that face the challenges of rehabilitation with technologies that offer precision and care coverage, and that, additionally, integrate elements that promote the motivation and participation of the patient.
  • 1.1K
  • 16 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Sensor Particles
Micro and nanoparticles are not only understood as components of materials but as small functional units too. Particles can be designed for the primary transduction of physical and chemical signals and, therefore, become a valuable component in sensing systems. Due to their small size, they are particularly interesting for sensing in microfluidic systems, in microarray arrangements and in miniaturized biotechnological systems and microreactors, in general. Here, an overview of the recent development in the preparation of micro and nanoparticles for sensing purposes in microfluidics and application of particles in various microfluidic devices is presented. The concept of sensor particles is particularly useful for combining a direct contact between cells, biomolecules and media with a contactless optical readout. In addition to the construction and synthesis of micro and nanoparticles with transducer functions, examples of chemical and biological applications are reported.
  • 1.1K
  • 07 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Thermal Comfort Indices Through Room Occupancy Prediction
Room occupancy prediction based on indoor environmental quality may be the breakthrough to ensure energy efficiency and establish an interior ambience tailored to each user. Identifying whether temperature, humidity, lighting, and CO2 levels may be used as efficient predictors of room occupancy accuracy is needed to help designers better utilize the readings and data collected in order to improve interior design, in an effort to better suit users. It also aims to help in energy efficiency and saving in an ever-increasing energy crisis and dangerous levels of climate change.
  • 1.1K
  • 04 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Renovation Automation System IIoT
Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is of great significance to improve industrial efficiency and quality, to reduce industrial costs and resources.
  • 1.0K
  • 02 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Wearable Health Technology
The occurrence of peripheral neuropathy (PNP) is often observed in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with a prevalence up to 55%, leading to more prominent functional deficits. Motor assessment with mobile health technologies allows high sensitivity and accuracy and is widely adopted in PD, but scarcely used for PNP assessments. This entry provides a comprehensive overview of the methodologies and the most relevant features to investigate PNP and PD motor deficits with wearables. Because of the lack of studies investigating motor impairments in this specific subset of PNP-PD patients, Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science electronic databases were used to summarize the state of the art on PNP motor assessment with wearable technology and compare it with the existing evidence on PD. 
  • 1.0K
  • 26 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Grid-Forming Inverters
The electrical grid is predominantly characterized by synchronous generators (SGs). These generators provide a consistent voltage and frequency, facilitating the synchronization of VSIs and their connection at the point of common coupling (PCC) for injecting power into the main grid. These inverters operate as current sources and are known as grid-following inverters. The imperfections of grid-following inverters arise when the grid is absent, as this concept fails to produce instantaneous voltage and frequency set points. Therefore, this operating mode has been significantly modified, from following the grid to leading it. This concept is known as grid-forming (GFM) inverters, which can independently set up and keep the voltage and frequency within their nominal ranges without the need for the main grid.
  • 1.0K
  • 29 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based BEMS per Building Type
The deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based building energy management systems (BEMS) field has grown rapidly in the last five years, with numerous creative ideas and innovations for integrating advanced data-driven control methods in the development of fully enabled smart buildings. Although residential buildings are by far the largest energy consumers, other building types, such as offices and educational buildings, are also being investigated. It would be useful to realize the different directions of research, types of applications, and innovative ideas being implemented for each building type. In particular, it is crucial from a data-centric perspective, as being able to train and use data-driven methods requires large amounts of data, particularly when deploying such systems in the real world.
  • 1.0K
  • 28 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Brain-Inspired Robot Control
Multifunctional control in real time is a critical target in intelligent robotics. Combined with behavioral flexibility, such control enables real-time robot navigation and adaption to complex, often changing environments. Multifunctionality is observed across a wide range of living species and behaviors. As made clear above, even seemingly simple organisms such as invertebrates demonstrate multifunctional control. Living systems rely on the ability to shift from one behavior to another, and to vary a specific behavior for successful action under changing environmental conditions. Truly multifunctional control is a major challenge in robotics. A plausible approach is to develop a methodology that maps multifunctional biological system properties onto simulations to potentiate rapid prototyping and real-time simulation of solutions (control architectures). 
  • 968
  • 02 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Digital Twin Applications
Industrial Digital Twin (IDT) systems integrate physical and virtual data throughout a product life cycle.
  • 967
  • 05 May 2022
Topic Review
Autonomous Vehicle and Adverse Weather Conditions
The development of autonomous vehicles (AVs) is becoming increasingly important as the need for reliable and safe transportation grows. However, in order to achieve level 5 autonomy, it is crucial that such AVs can navigate through complex and unconventional scenarios. It has been observed that currently deployed AVs, like human drivers, struggle the most in cases of adverse weather conditions, unsignalized intersections, crosswalks, roundabouts, and near-accident scenarios.
  • 964
  • 06 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Drone Applications Fighting COVID-19
The non-military use of drones is becoming more widespread, which the media is now increasingly reporting. Drone applications fighting Covid-19 can be divided into different types of groups: surveillance of an area with a visual camera, detection of fever-infected people with a thermal camera, communication with an on-board installed loudspeaker or QR code flag and three different logistic tasks such as transportation of essentials, health products and disinfectants.   
  • 961
  • 12 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Reinforcement Learning
Reinforcement Learning (RL) is an approach in Machine Learning that aims to solve dynamic and complex problems, in which autonomous entities, called agents, are trained to take actions that will lead them to an optimal solution
  • 954
  • 25 Jul 2023
Topic Review
AdvancedAI Cybersecurity: Strengthening Cameroon’s Military Networks Against EmergingThreats
This research investigates the transformative potential of advanced artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms in fortifying the cybersecurity resilience of Cameroon’s military communication networks amidst increasingly sophisticated cyber threats. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the study integrates rigorous quantitative analysis of AI efficacy with qualitative insights gathered from military personnel and cybersecurity experts. The findings reveal that the deployment of machine learning and anomaly detection algorithms significantly improves threat detection rates and accelerates incident response times, thereby enhancing overall operational security. Furthermore, this research proposes a comprehensive framework for AI integration that emphasizes the importance of contextual adaptation to local challenges, the establishment of strategic partnerships with technology firms, and the incorporation of robust ethical guidelines to ensure responsible AI use. By addressing these critical areas, the framework aims to not only strengthen national security but also position Cameroon as a regional leader in cybersecurity innovation. This research contributes to the growing discourse on the necessity of advanced technological solutions in military operations, advocating for a proactive and adaptive cybersecurity posture that is essential for safeguarding national interests in an increasingly digital and interconnected world.
  • 954
  • 16 Dec 2024
Topic Review
Multi-Mode Process
Multi-mode processing is a central feature of modern industry. The application of monitoring technology to multi-mode processing is crucial to ensure process safety and to enhance product quality.
  • 951
  • 29 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Indoor Environmental Parameters in Northern Saudi Arabia
The advancement of the Internet of Things applications (technologies and enabling platforms), consisting of software and hardware (e.g., sensors, actuators, etc.), allows healthcare providers and users to analyze and measure physical environments at home or hospital. The measured physical environment parameters contribute to improving healthcare in real time. Researchers in this domain require existing representative datasets to develop machine-learning techniques to learn physical variables from the surrounding environments. The available environmental datasets are rare and need too much effort to be generated. It has been noticed that no datasets are available for some countries, including Saudi Arabia.
  • 946
  • 05 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Technical Aspects of Autonomous Vehicles Research
According to the SAE J3016 standard, autonomous vehicles (AV) are accepted cars classified between levels 3 and 5.
  • 934
  • 20 Sep 2022
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