Your browser does not fully support modern features. Please upgrade for a smoother experience.
Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort by:
Most Viewed Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Filter:
All Topic Review Biography Peer Reviewed Entry Video Entry
Topic Review
Nutraceutical Plant Products on Rabbit Production and Health
Plant/botanical products are natural and vital substances widely used as dietary additives in livestock farms. They contain phytobiotics, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, and essential oils, which play a multitude of roles in a rabbit’s body. The nutritional and medicinal properties of these substances mainly influence animal performance by improving digestion and enhancing immunity/health. Additionally, several botanical products, including herbs, are considered phytogenic feed additives for livestock to improve growth performance and health status.
  • 860
  • 04 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Trichuriasis in Deer
Trichuris spp. are endoparasites found in a wide range of mammalian species. Some of these host species include humans, non-human primates, dogs, cats, pigs, wild ruminants and domesticated ruminants.
  • 859
  • 06 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Smart Reproductive Management
Nowadays, smart ART that considers technique efficiency, animal welfare, cost efficiency and environmental health are developed. Recently, the nanotechnology revolution has pervaded all scientific fields including the reproduction of farm animals, facilitating certain improvements in this field. Nanotechnology could be used to improve and overcome many technical obstacles that face different ART. 
  • 858
  • 13 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Carbon-Based Nanomaterials for Sustainable Agriculture
Nano-enabled agriculture is now receiving increasing attentions. Among the used nanomaterials, carbon-based nanomaterials are good candidates for sustainable agriculture. Previous review papers about the role of carbon-based nanomaterials in agriculture are either focused on one type of carbon-based nanomaterial or lack systematic discussion of the potential wide applications in agriculture.
  • 857
  • 11 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Design, Manufacture, and Evaluation of Bone Joint Replacements
Bone joint replacement is a major approach for restoring the functionalities of human joints caused by bone traumas or some chronic bone diseases. The structural design of the implant is crucial because the performance of the implant relies heavily on its geometry and microarchitecture. In addition, the optimization of the microstructure of bone implants also has an important impact on its performance. The additive manufacturing technique has enabled the production of bone joint replacements with more complex internal structures, which makes the design process more convenient.
  • 855
  • 11 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Unique Orchid Arundina graminifolia
Although the regulatory conduits for continuous flowering are basically connected to dormancy and bud release, A. graminifolia is unique in the aspect that it escapes dormancy and rapidly completes the flowering initiation and development. Therefore, the molecular patterning of continuous flowering is an interesting subject to study
  • 854
  • 22 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Postharvest Plant Protection
Sustainable and organic plant production uses natural products and natural self-regulation processes occurring in the ecosystem. The awareness is growing and the demands of consumers are higher and higher.
  • 853
  • 20 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Infrared Thermography: Sick Domestic Animals
Infrared thermography (IRT) has proven to be a reliable method for the early detection of pathologies affecting animal health and welfare that represent economic losses for farmers. However, the standardization of protocols for IRT use is still needed.
  • 852
  • 20 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Antimicrobial Resistance in Companion Animals
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is currently one of the main concerns worldwide, signalled by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as one of the top 10 global public health threats in 2019. Indeed, the prevalence of multi-resistant bacteria and the difficulty of treating bacterial infections in both animals and humans have increased in recent years. Moreover, AMR is considered a One Health issue, as it englobes animal, human and environmental health.
  • 852
  • 16 May 2022
Topic Review
Asthma and COVID-19 Associations
Asthma is no longer considered a single disease entity but rather an umbrella term used to describe a collection of various phenotypes and endotypes. Asthma manifests as an obstruction of airflow due to airway hyper-responsiveness, leading to symptoms of wheezing, shortness of breath, cough, and chest tightness.
  • 851
  • 09 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Equine Welfare and Assessment in the United Kingdom
In order to assess equine welfare meaningfully, it is important to consider what is meant by ‘animal welfare’, and there are varied definitions of the term. These include ideas that welfare is the animal’s state regarding attempts to cope with his/her environment, incorporating both physical health and mental wellbeing, which are influenced by factors such as those from the 'five freedoms' and the 'five domains', and concepts focusing on the quality of life, such as 'a life worth living'. Differences in definitions may arise due to differences in moral or ethical standards of society and stakeholders being inclined to emphasise different aspects of animal welfare (e.g., health, productivity, behaviour, ‘naturalness’, etc.).
  • 851
  • 10 May 2022
Topic Review
Molecular Hydrogen in Horticulture
Improvements in the growth, yield, and quality of horticultural crops require the development of simply integrated, cost-efficient, and eco-friendly solutions. Hydrogen gas (H2) has been observed to have fertilization effects on soils by influencing rhizospheric microorganisms, resulting in improvements in crop yield and quality. Ample studies have shown that H2 has positive effects on horticultural crops, such as promoting root development, enhancing tolerance against abiotic and biotic stress, prolonging storage life, and improving postharvest quality of fruits, vegetables and cut flowers.
  • 850
  • 07 Jan 2022
Topic Review
The Transition Period of Dairy Cows
Considerable literature exists on the severe challenges faced by dairy cows at their transition from calving to lactation. Most studies focus on the transition period (TP) phase, which begins three weeks before calving and spans the first three weeks of lactation. Typically, this physiological phase implies severe alterations in the metabolic asset of dairy cows. These alterations are driven by sudden changes in hormonal trends and nutrient partitioning as well as by the adaptation of the animal’s metabolism to the negative energy and protein balance conditions driven by late pregnancy and early lactation requirements.
  • 849
  • 19 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Servaline Genet
The Servaline Genet (Genetta servalina) is a sleek and agile carnivore found in sub-Saharan Africa, known for its slender body, long tail, and distinctive coat pattern of spots and stripes. Despite its resemblance to a small cat, the Servaline Genet is a member of the Viverridae family, exhibiting a unique blend of feline and mongoose-like characteristics. Typically nocturnal and solitary, these elusive creatures are adept climbers and hunters, preying on a variety of small vertebrates and insects in their forested habitats.
  • 847
  • 08 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Inflammatory Reflex in Ectotherms
Animals have developed numerous adaptation strategies to survive in changing environmental conditions. This adaptive process allows them to generate physiological and behavioural responses upon exposure to natural factors such as temperature.
  • 844
  • 31 Aug 2021
Topic Review
S. Enteritidis on Chicken Eggshells
Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) is a pathogen that poses a health risk. Shell eggs have been reported as one of the principal vehicles for the transmission of bacterial pathogens. The cuticle on eggshells (the organic layer of freshly laid egg) is damaged during extended storage of the egg, leading to the penetration of pathogens attached to the eggshell surface and in the surrounding environment. Therefore, effective disinfection on eggshells is urgently required to maintain good quality egg products by preventing bacterial contaminants from entering eggs.
  • 843
  • 13 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Lipid Deposition and Metabolism in Local Pig Breeds
Intensive selective breeding and genetic improvement of relatively few pig breeds led to the abandonment of many low productive local pig breeds. However, local pig breeds are better adapted to their specific environmental conditions and feeding resources and therefore represent a valuable genetic resource. They accumulate larger amounts of fat, which generally contains more monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids; they exhibit a higher adipocyte size and higher activity of lipogenic enzymes. Studies using the transcriptomic approach highlighted several processes like immune response, fatty-acid turn-over, oxidoreductase activity and mitochondrial function which differ between local and modern pig breeds.
  • 843
  • 07 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Boar Sperm Proteins
Artificial insemination with extended liquid boar semen is widely used in the swine industry. The identification of the relationship between boar sperm characteristics and fertility could be of substantial importance to reproduction management.
  • 842
  • 08 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Gut Microbiota of Oviparous Lizard
Vertebrates maintain complex symbiotic relationships with microbiota living within their gastrointestinal tracts which reflects the ecological and evolutionary relationship between hosts and their gut microbiota. 
  • 842
  • 31 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Soybean Resistance to Soybean Cyst Nematode
Plant pathogens greatly impact food security of the ever-growing human population. Breeding resistant crops is one of the most sustainable strategies to overcome the negative effects of these biotic stressors. In order to efficiently breed for resistant plants, the specific plant–pathogen interactions should be understood. Soybean is a short-day legume that is a staple in human food and animal feed due to its high nutritional content. Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is a major soybean stressor infecting soybean worldwide including in China, Brazil, Argentina, USA and Canada. There are many Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) conferring resistance to SCN that have been identified; however, only two are widely used: rhg1 and Rhg4. Overuse of cultivars containing these QTLs/genes can lead to SCN resistance breakdown, necessitating the use of additional strategies.
  • 841
  • 04 Mar 2022
  • Page
  • of
  • 70
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Reprints

>>
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
Encyclopedia of Engineering
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of Medieval Royal Iconography
Academic Video Service
Feedback