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Topic Review
Energy Sustainability in Wireless Sensor Networks
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are considered to be among the most important scientific domains. Yet, the exploitation of WSNs suffers from the severe energy restrictions of their electronic components. For this reason there are numerous scientific methods that have been proposed aiming to achieve the extension of the lifetime of WSNs, either by energy saving or energy harvesting or through energy transfer. 
  • 1.1K
  • 30 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Deep Learning and Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access System
In a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system, the successive interference cancellation (SIC) procedure is typically employed at the receiver side, where several user’s signals are decoded in a subsequent manner. Fading channels may disperse the transmitted signal and originate dependencies among its samples, which may affect the channel estimation procedure and consequently affect the SIC process and signal detection accuracy. Machine learning (ML) algorithms have the capability to adapt to variations in channel between user and base station (BS); therefore, ML is regarded as a strong contender for future radio networks.
  • 1.1K
  • 13 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Autonomous Intelligent Vehicles for Urban
With the concept of Internet-of-Things, autonomous vehicles can provide higher driving efficiency, traffic safety, and freedom for the driver to perform other tasks. This paper first covers enabling technology involving a vehicle moving out of parking, traveling on the road, and parking at the destination. The development of autonomous vehicles relies on the data collected for deployment in actual road conditions. Research gaps and recommendations for autonomous intelligent vehicles are included
  • 1.1K
  • 28 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Direct Torque Controllers in Five-Phase Electrical Drives
Machines with more than three phases are called multiphase machines, which provide a better current distribution among phases, and lower current harmonic production in the power converter, than conventional three-phase machines. However, multiphase drive applications require the development of complex controllers to regulate the torque (or speed) and flux of the machine. In this regard, direct torque controllers have appeared as a viable alternative due to their easy formulation and high flexibility to incorporate control objectives. 
  • 1.1K
  • 29 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Carbon-Coated SiO2 for Li-Ion Batteries
Li-ion battery technology is at the core of the imminent massive vehicle electrification due to the forecast growth penetration rate of electrified vehicles. In this cutting-edge Li-ion battery technology, silicon seems to be the most promising candidate for next-generation Li-ion battery technology due to its high theoretical capacity of 4200 mAh·g−1 (compared to 372 mAh·g−1 for graphite). Shifting to silicon as an anode material has the potential to deliver higher energy density for the batteries. The anode of a Li-ion battery should operate at low potentials and offer high specific energy capacity and density.
  • 1.1K
  • 07 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Ka-Band Power Amplifier
With the increase in the demand for high-speed transmission communication, satellite communication is developing rapidly. Because of the bandwidth capacity, the K/Ka band is considered the mainstream frequency band of satellite communication. The performance of a power amplifier (PA) directly affects the power of the transmitter, so the application of a power amplifier in Ka-band satellite communication is very important.
  • 1.1K
  • 06 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Blockchain and Energy Internet
Emergence of the Energy Internet (EI) demands restructuring of traditional electricity grids to integrate heterogeneous energy sources, distribution network management with grid intelligence and big data management. This paradigm shift is considered to be a breakthrough in the energy industry towards facilitating autonomous and decentralized grid operations while maximizing the utilization of Distributed Generation (DG). Blockchain has been identified as a disruptive technology enabler for the realization of EI to facilitate reliable, self-operated energy delivery. 
  • 1.1K
  • 12 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Navigation Aids for Visually Impaired
Morden Navigation aids for the visually impaired is an applied science for people with special needs. They are a key sociotechnique that helps users to independently navigate and access needed resources indoors and outdoors.
  • 1.1K
  • 20 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Load Frequency Control Considering Renewable Energy Sources
The hybrid power system is a combination of renewable energy power plants and conventional energy power plants. This integration causes power quality issues including poor settling times and higher transient contents. The main issue of such interconnection is the frequency variations caused in the hybrid power system. Load Frequency Controller (LFC) design ensures the reliable and efficient operation of the power system. The main function of LFC is to maintain the system frequency within safe limits, hence keeping power at a specific range. An LFC should be supported with modern and intelligent control structures for providing the adequate power to the system. 
  • 1.1K
  • 10 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Artificial Intelligence in Microgrid Control and Safety
Cyber attacks in microgrid systems not only cause issues with data integrity and confidentiality, but cause huge economic losses. Communication of sensor and operational data between each node is essential to attain the efficient operation of microgrid systems. Therefore, monitoring and analyzing the data continuously plays a major role in attaining data integrity. This becomes challenging when the attack is made at the device level rather than the network level. In this scenario, the basic network-level security used in the classical CPS fails to identify the attacks.  Artificial Intelligence (AI) can detect and mitigate cyber attacks.
  • 1.1K
  • 07 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Applications of Coupled Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonators
There are two basic types of acoustic waves: SAW and BAW. When the acoustic wave is confined and travels at the interface between the substrate and the air, it is called a surface acoustic wave (SAW), like the ripples observed on the water surface hit by a stone. In contrast, a wave that propagates in the bulk of the material of the medium and exists in most of the volume of the media, is called a bulk acoustic wave (BAW), like a sound wave that travels through the air.
  • 1.1K
  • 16 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Short-Term Load Forecasting Method
Electricity consumption varies in short-, medium-, and long-term periods, which cover three forecast time horizons. They range, respectively, from one hour to a week, one week to a year, and more than a year. They are based on several factors, such as climate, region, and sector (residential, industrial, commercial). Residential loads consume most of the electricity generated. Short-Term Load Forecasting (STLF) is important for cost reduction, energy savings, fine scheduling, and safety assurance.
  • 1.1K
  • 26 May 2023
Topic Review
Power Semiconductor Devices
Power switching semiconductors are indispensable elements in inverters and converters used in power grids/systems, automobiles, data centers, and renewable energy for reliability towards a more intelligent control system.
  • 1.1K
  • 30 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Metal Additive Manufacturing for Electrical Machines
Metal additive manufacturing (AM) has been growing remarkably due to the advantages of unmatched flexibility and zero material waste, this clean technology opens the door for new design solutions with greater material efficiency, which are not possible through conventional machining techniques.
  • 1.1K
  • 15 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Technologies of Combined Heat and Power Production
The combined hot heat and power (CHHP) terminology adopted nowadays is more representative than the CHP that was designated at the end of 19th century, the first combination of useful effects of the electricity production based on the thermomechanical engine industry. The two useful effects of CHHP, electricity and heat, are differentiated by priority, together with the corresponding first law efficiency expressions.
  • 1.0K
  • 06 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Smart Distribution Network Situation Awareness
Due to the rapid development of emerging information and communication technologies (ICT) and advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), distribution networks are in an evolvement from passive to active distribution networks (ADN), also called smart distribution networks (SDN). Operation and maintenance (O&M) cost is an economic factor that the SDN management must consider. Among multiple O&M technologies, situation awareness (SA) emerges and is gradually integrated into the SDN. Facing a high proportion of RES, adequate monitoring, analysis, and prediction of the SDN operating status are urgent. Therefore, comprehensive SA, which contains detection, comprehension, and projection, becomes a significant guarantee for the optimal operation of SDN.
  • 1.0K
  • 24 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Wind Energy Harvesting and Conversion Systems
Wind energy harvesting for electricity generation has a significant role in overcoming the challenges involved with climate change and the energy resource implications involved with population growth and political unrest. Indeed, there has been significant growth in wind energy capacity worldwide with turbine capacity growing significantly. This confidence is echoed in the wind power market and global wind energy statistics. However, wind energy capture and utilisation has always been challenging. Appreciation of the wind as a resource makes for difficulties in modelling and the sensitivities of how the wind resource maps to energy production results in an energy harvesting opportunity. An opportunity that is dependent on different system parameters, namely the wind as a resource, technology and system synergies in realizing an optimal wind energy harvest.
  • 1.0K
  • 20 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Streaming Electrification of Different Insulating Fluids
The comparison of different techniques used to assess the charging tendency of fluids is discussed depending on the flow type (planar or centrifugal), volume of oil, and interface material. The charge separation between the insulating fluid and metallic/pressboard interfaces is explained in terms of the electrical double layer formation involving a fixed layer and diffuse layer. Based on the experimental results, the streaming electrification is observed to be a function of various factors such as speed, temperature, electric field, and surface roughness. Depending on the molecular structure of insulating liquids that come into contact with solid insulation at the interface, the streaming current can increase; hence, a suitable additive (benzotriazole, fullerene, Irgamet 39) is selected based on the type of fluid and charge polarity. The degradation of the insulating liquid upon ageing, which increases the streaming current and reclamation of such aged fluids using adsorbents (Fuller’s earth, activated carbon, bentonite, and alumina), is a possible method to suppress the static current through improving its dielectric properties. The nanofluids show a higher streaming current compared to base fluid with no change observed even after the reclamation process. 
  • 1.0K
  • 14 Dec 2022
Topic Review
The Sustainability Concept Focusing on Energy
The concept of sustainability, with a focus on energy, has emerged as a central tenet in addressing the mounting global challenges of environmental degradation and resource depletion. Indicators of sustainability focusing on energy are crucial tools used to assess and monitor progress toward achieving a more sustainable energy system. These indicators provide valuable insights into the environmental, social, and economic dimensions of energy practices and their long-term impacts. By analyzing and understanding these indicators, policymakers, businesses, and communities can make informed decisions, formulate effective policies, and steer their efforts toward a more sustainable energy future. These indicators serve as navigational guides, steering the world toward energy practices that support both present needs and the well-being of future generations. 
  • 1.0K
  • 06 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Bird Technologies
Bird provides radio frequency communication products, services, calibration and training for the public security, cellular networks, broadcasting, semiconductor, military, government and medical industries. Bird's product portfolio includes spectrum analyzers, antenna and cable testers, power sensors, power meters and monitors, wattmeters, attenuators, terminations and loads, cellular repeaters, signal boosters, distributed antenna systems (DAS), RF streaming solutions, RF signal generation, and RF software analysis tools. The company's core market segments are Coverage Enhancement, Off Air Testing, M2M Sensors and Test & Measurement. Bird sells its products online, as well as through a network of distributors and sales representatives worldwide.
  • 1.0K
  • 02 Dec 2022
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